Sector model
The sector model by Homer Hoyt (1895–1984), a student of the sociologist Ernest Burgess , was created in 1939 and rejected the outdated concentric ring model as an explanatory approach to urban development . His model is based on the analysis of the rental price structure in 29 American cities and focuses primarily on the location of high-status residential areas . The results of his investigation were that the location of these residential areas shifted towards the periphery between 1900 and 1936. According to Hoyt, it extends along the traffic routes, which enable rapid transport to the surrounding area and / or to the residential areas of the highest-ranking population. In contrast to Burgess, Hoyt argues that urban development depends primarily on the relocation of the residential areas of the socially better off population groups. In addition, Hoyt assumes that when a population group leaves a residential area, the next lower population group moves into that area. According to this, cities are divided into homogeneous sectors with similar or equal social groups.
However, Hoyt's model is also culture-specific and only represents the internal structure of the American city of the 1930s. As the last of the three classic urban development models , Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman presented their multi-core model in 1945 , which attempts to address the fundamental weaknesses of both of them To solve predecessor.