Selection pressure
Selection pressure indicates the action (the "pressure") of a selection factor for a population of organisms. Selection factors are environmental factors that have an impact on the survival of a population in a particular environment . Especially in the English language it is also synonymous (but not entirely correct) the term pressure evolutionary (English for Evolution sdruck) used to what to suggest that through the process of selection a result , the evolution in a population is taking place.
Charles Darwin already recognized that all living beings are subject to selection . From a statistical point of view, better adapted individuals have a higher reproductive success than less adapted individuals. In the long term, this leads to an adaptation of the population to the effective environmental factors.
One example are the wingless flies on the Kerguelen . Usually, wingless flies do not have a good chance of survival, and if they do, they have significantly fewer offspring than their winged counterparts. The opposite is true of the Kerguelen. On this archipelago, located between South Africa and the Antarctic, there are constant strong storms that blow the winged flies out to sea. Wingless flies have prevailed here. The winged individuals were subject to the pressure of the selection factor "storm".
