Shammar Yuhar'ish

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Shammar Yuhar'ish was a Himyar king who ruled from about AD 300-340.

Shammar Yuhar'ish is known from various sources. He conquered Hadramaut and called himself King of Saba , Dhu-Raydan , Hadramaut and Yamanat . It was the first time that South Arabia was a united state.

Shammar Yuhar'ish sent a delegation to the Arab tribe of al-Azd and Tanukh and to the Sassanid court in Ctesiphon , which led to an exchange of ambassadors. Around the same time, the Roman Emperor Constantius II sent the missionary Theophilus to ask whether churches could be built for Roman India traders in the territory of the Himjarites.

Shammar Yuhar'ish is known from various inscriptions which, among other things, tell of the construction of a palace and the regulation of certain trade regulations.

literature

  • Robert G. Hoyland : Arabia and the Arabs. From the Bronze Age to the Coming of Islam. Routledge, London et al. 2001, ISBN 0-415-19535-7 , pp. 47, 50-51.
  • Robert Hoyland: Kings, Kingdoms and Chronology. In: St. John Simpson (ed.): Queen of Sheba. Treasures from ancient Yemen. British Museum Press, London 2002, ISBN 0-7141-1151-1 , pp. 71-72.
  • Nigel Groom: Limestone royal decree concerning the regulation of business and financial transactions at Marin. In: St. John Simpson (ed.): Queen of Sheba. Treasures from ancient Yemen. British Museum Press, London 2002, ISBN 0-7141-1151-1 , p. 98, no.111.
  • William D. Glanznam: Limestone inscription referring to the building of a palace and the last reference to the Ḥimyrarite King Shammar Yuhar'ish. In: St. John Simpson (ed.): Queen of Sheba. Treasures from ancient Yemen. British Museum Press, London 2002, ISBN 0-7141-1151-1 , p. 159, no.204.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Philostorgios , 3.4
personal data
SURNAME Shammar Yuhar'ish
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Ruler of the Himjarites
DATE OF BIRTH 3rd century
DATE OF DEATH 4th century