Security stairwell
Safety stairwell is a term used in preventive fire protection . It is used to describe a stairwell in which structural or technical measures are intended to prevent fire and smoke from entering in the event of a fire .
In the simplest case, the goal is achieved in that the entrances to the stairwell lead via an open balcony . In the event of a fire, when the corresponding doors are opened, the smoke does not escape into the stairwell, but rather via the balcony (the ingress of small amounts of smoke is tolerated). Occasionally, a stairwell separated from the building and accessible via bridges is also built.
A technical measure to keep the stairwell free of smoke can, for. B. be the access via a forced-ventilated security lock.
Since technical measures, both in construction and in maintenance (maintenance and testing of the systems) are usually significantly more expensive than the structural measures described above, they are only chosen in exceptional cases.
In addition to keeping smoke free, there are additional requirements for a safety stairwell. So he may z. B. can only be built from non-combustible building materials and the walls must be made in the manner of fire walls . No lines (electricity, water, sewage, gas, etc.) may be laid in it, with the exception of the installation necessary to supply the stairwell (e.g. power lines for the lighting).
Since January 2017 it has been possible in Berlin to do without the second escape route in residential buildings below the high-rise border. Section 33 (2) sentence 3 BauO Bln states: “A second escape route is not required if rescue via a safety stairwell is possible.” The details are regulated in VV TB Bln, Appendix A.
See also
Web links
- Interior safety stairwell (accessed on March 30, 2020)
- External safety stairwell (accessed on March 30, 2020)
- Information from Department 4 in LFV Bayern on the safety stairwell according to Art. 31 BayBO (accessed on March 30, 2020)
- Smoke-free internal safety stairwells (accessed on March 30, 2020)
- Smoke Protection Pressure Systems User Guide (accessed March 30, 2020)