Sitting ball

Sitting ball is a team sport in German disabled sports . Sitting ball is represented not only in Central Europe, but also in Africa as a popular and competitive sport. German championships for men have been held annually since 1954, and for women since 1974. European sitting ball tournaments have existed since the 1970s. The sport of sitting ball is played by around 150 teams in Germany. The first Seatball World Cup took place in November 2006 in Kigali / Rwanda. Participating teams came from Germany, Switzerland, Rwanda, Burundi and Uganda.

Sitting ball is ideal for handicapped and non-handicapped people to play together.

German championships

Men's

1953 Gelsenkirchen
1955 Schweinfurt
1956 Schweinfurt
1957 Würzburg
1958 Schweinfurt
1959 Schweinfurt
1960 Gelsenkirchen
1961 Gelsenkirchen
1962 Gelsenkirchen
1963 Schweinfurt
1964 Gelsenkirchen
1965 Gelsenkirchen
1966 Gelsenkirchen
1967 Schweinfurt
1968 Landshut
1969 Gelsenkirchen
1970 Bielefeld
1971 Landshut
1972 Gelsenkirchen
1973 Landshut
1974 Bielefeld
1975 Aachen
1976 Aachen
1977 Aachen
1978 Gelsenkirchen
1979 Aachen
1980 Bielefeld
1981 Aachen
1982 Bielefeld
1983 Aachen
1984 Bielefeld
1985 Bielefeld
1986 Bielefeld
1987 Karlsruhe
1988 Bielefeld
1989 Bielefeld
1990 Bielefeld
1991 swords
1992 Oberhausen
1993 Oberhausen
1994 Oberhausen
1995 Ludwigshafen
1996 SG Emmelshausen-Koblenz
1997 Oberhausen
1998 Oberhausen
1999 Oberhausen
2000 SG Emmelshausen-Koblenz
2001 Oberhausen
2002 SG Emmelshausen-Koblenz
2003 VSG Pforzheim
2004 SG Emmelshausen-Koblenz
2005 SG Emmelshausen-Koblenz
2006 VSG Pforzheim
2007 Oberhausen

German champion 2008

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2008 SG Emmelshausen-Bad Kreuznach
2009 SG Emmelshausen-Bad Kreuznach
2010 SG Emmelshausen-Bad Kreuznach
2011 SG Emmelshausen-Bad Kreuznach
2012 SG Leipzig-Plauen
2013 SG Leipzig-Plauen
2014 SG Leipzig-Plauen
2015 BSG Emmelshausen
2016 VSG Pforzheim
2017 SG Leipzig-Plauen
2018 SG Leipzig-Plauen
2019 SG Leipzig-Plauen

Ladies

1974 VSG Karlsruhe
1975 VSG Karlsruhe
Failed in 1976
1977 Bavarian regional team
1978 Bavarian regional team
1979 VSG Karlsruhe
1980 VSV Munich
1981 SG Upper Bavaria
1982 SG Upper Bavaria
1983 VSG Karlsruhe
1984 VSG Karlsruhe
1985 VSG Karlsruhe
1986 VSG Karlsruhe
1987 SG Lower Saxony
1988 SG Karlsruhe / Bühl
1989 SG Karlsruhe / Bühl
1990 SG Karlsruhe / Bühl
1991 SG Karlsruhe / Bühl
1992 SG Lower Saxony
1993 SG Karlsruhe / Bühl
1994 SG Karlsruhe / Bühl
1995 SG Karlsruhe / Bühl
1996 SG Karlsruhe / Bühl
1997 SG Karlsruhe / Bühl
1998 Lower Saxony regional team
1999 SG Karlsruhe / Bühl
2000 Lower Saxony regional team
2001 SG Karlsruhe / Bühl
2002 SG Karlsruhe / Bühl
2003 SG Karlsruhe / Bühl
2004 SG Karlsruhe / Bühl
2005 SG Karlsruhe / Bühl
2006 SG Karlsruhe / Bühl
2007 SG Karlsruhe / Bühl
2008 SG Karlsruhe / Bühl
2009 Lower Saxony regional team
2010 SG Karlsruhe / Bühl
2011 Lower Saxony regional team
2012 SG Karlsruhe / Bühl
2013 Lower Saxony regional team
2014 Rhineland-Palatinate regional team
2015 Rhineland-Palatinate regional team
2016 Rhineland-Palatinate regional team
2017 Lower Saxony regional team
2018 SG Leipzig-Plauen
2019 SG Leipzig-Plauen

European sitting ball tournaments

1985 Germany
1987 North Rhine-Westphalia
1990 Germany
1991 Germany
1992 North Rhine-Westphalia
1993 Germany
1994 Rhineland-Palatinate
1995 Germany
1996 Rhineland-Palatinate
1997 Germany
1998 North Rhine-Westphalia
1999 Germany
2000 Germany
2001 Germany
2002 Germany
2003 Rhineland-Palatinate
2004 Germany
2005 BSG Emmelshausen
2006 Germany
2007 Germany
2008 Germany
2009 Germany
2010 Baden
2011 Saxony
2012 Germany

World Cup (official World Cup since 2013)

2006 SG Emmelshausen / Bad Kreuznach

Seatball Worldcup 2006 Kigali game scene

2008 SG Emmelshausen / Bad Kreuznach
2010 Rwanda
2013 Team Germany

Countries in which sitting ball is played

Official rules

I. Game idea

Two teams of five players each sit opposite each other on a playing field that is divided into two fields in the middle by a line and 1 m high by a two-colored band.

Each team has the task of playing back the ball struck by the tape with their open hand until a mistake ends the game. It is the goal of both teams to play the ball over the tape in such a way that the opponent does not succeed in the return or is made as difficult as possible.

Every mistake made by one team is counted as an advantage for the other. The team that scored the most goals during the season wins.

II. Team composition

Team total points: according to the valid DBS table

The team consists of five players. The total of the players' points may not exceed this prescribed total number of points.

Leg and arm prostheses, supporting devices, etc. may not be worn during the game.

Mixed teams are allowed.

III. Rules of the game

Rule 1: playing field

1.1 Playing field drawing see table of contents.

1.2 The playing field is a rectangle ten meters long and eight meters wide.

1.3 It is divided into two fields by a center line. The floor should be smooth and level.

1.4 Boundary (= base and side lines) and center line must be clearly marked on the floor. The border lines belong to the playing field, the center line to both fields together. The lines should be three to five centimeters wide. A ball that touches these lines is in the field of play.

1.5 There is a two-tone band up to five centimeters wide, running in the same direction over the center line, the upper edge of which runs one meter from the playing field floor. It should be stretched taut over two posts outside the field of play. The intersections of the center and side lines are to be marked with ten centimeter long marking strips.

1.6 Spectators, adjacent playing fields and obstacles must be far enough from the boundary lines that the players are not obstructed.

Rule 2: Ball and Choice

2.1 The ball should be a volleyball. It must be inflated evenly round and tight.

2.2 The DBS can determine which ball types are permitted.

2.3 Each team can provide a playable ball for competitions. If a team does not play a ball at the start of the game, it has forfeited the ball selection for the entire game.

2.4 The referee decides whether the ball meets the requirements. Notwithstanding Section 2.3, he can determine the game ball.

2.5 Before the start of the game, the “field side and ball” or “first statement” are drawn by lot, the winner can choose one of the two. After half-time, “side of the field and ball” and “first statement” change. A rally for the second half can be waived if both teams agree.

2.6 The players can wear padded trousers, strap-on slip mats, elbow and knee pads to protect their bodies.

Rule 3: crew

3.1 Each team must have five players. This number may not be exceeded or fallen below during the entire season. Teams that do not compete at the start of the game or not compete completely lose the game

3.2 The number of substitutes corresponds to the number of players specified under 3.1. They must be listed in the team roster and on the score sheet. Players not listed cannot be used.

3.3 Before the start of the game, the team captain must mark the players involved in this game on the match record.

3.4 Two players from a team can be substituted in each game. You must be one of the substitutes named under 3.2.

3.5 A substitution is only possible if you specify yourself or at half-time. Repeated changes between players and substitutes are allowed.

3.6 If a player has to be eliminated due to injury or has been excluded from the game, the player must be changed immediately after the elimination or exclusion. Rules 3.7 and 3.8 must be observed here. Excluded players may no longer be used in the same game.

3.7 Any change of player is only possible if it has been written to by the keeper of the minutes and clearly indicated to the referee. Unlawful substitutions will be counted as a fault.

3.8 The team's number of points may not be exceeded even after a player has changed.

3.9 Violations of rules 3.1 to 3.4 as well as 3.6 and 3.8 lead to the game being abandoned (for scoring, see g.3).

Rule 4: playing time

4.1 The regular playing time consists of two halves of seven minutes each. The time lost due to interruptions must be replayed in the half in which the game was interrupted.

4.2 In games according to the knockout system, after a draw there is an extension of two times three minutes. The overtime continues without a break, observing rule 2.5. If this extra time also ends in a draw, play will be continued up to a difference of two hits, again in compliance with rule 2.5.

4.3 The playing time of play-offs corresponds to the regular playing time.

Rule 5: blow

5.1 A stroke is any brief contact with the ball with the open hand (palm or back of the hand).

5.2 The ball may be touched or pushed with the fingertips.

5.3 Touching the ball with both hands at the same time is permitted. Successive touches count as a mistake.

5.4 Strikes with the edge of the hand, closed or bandaged hands are not permitted. Wearing a bandage up to five centimeters wide to protect the wrist is permitted.

5.5 Delayed hitting by lifting, carrying, throwing or guiding the ball are errors.

5.6 When hitting the ball into the opposing field:

5.6.1 the player does not loosen the trunk from the ground except as a result of the blow;

5.6.2 the player's hand is no longer on the ball if it has already flown over the tape;

5.6.3 no hand of the player, even if it has already detached from the ball in front of the tape, obstructs an opponent

Rule 6: Game

6.1 Each game begins with the statement and ends with the first subsequent error. After each mistake, the ball is re-entered by the team that made the mistake.

6.2 Only the mistake made during a game counts. The game ends with this error.

6.3 The tape within the side lines and the marking strips may not be touched by a player or the ball during a game.

6.4 Touching the fastenings / anchors or a post outside the intersection points by the player is not considered a fault.

6.5 Every ball that falls on the ground outside the playing field during the game brings a fault to the team that last touched the ball.

6.6 Movement during the game must not be on the feet or knees. The player is not allowed to wait for the ball while kneeling or standing and then touch it.

6.7 When passing the ball, the player may use his entire body to detach himself from the floor.

6.8 Players staying in the opposing field for no reason during a game is a fault.

Rule 7: disclosure

7.1 If three players are specified, the ball must be played before it reaches the opposing court. He has to jump on the ground at least once between the three players.

7.2 The ball is in play when the first player to indicate has visibly thrown the ball up.

7.3 The statement is finished when the ball has been played by the third player who specified. An opponent may only touch the ball after the statement has been completed.

7.4 If the ball in the air is not hit or caught again or if it falls to the ground without a blow, this is considered a fault.

7.6 The statement can also be made from outside one's own playing field. The ball must touch the ground in your own playing field.

7.7 The information is valid if, after three touches or hits by the three players and at least one ground contact, the ball freely touches the ground via the tape within the marking strips in the opposing field or an opponent inside or outside the opposing field.

7.7 Delayed information leads to errors. This delay is given:

7.7.1 if the ball is in the field of play of the stating team and the stating is not started within five seconds;

7.7.2 if the ball is in the playing field of the opposing team and the opposing team does not pass the ball to the team authorized to provide information within five seconds.

7.8 If a team that is not authorized to report the ball, this counts as a fault.

Rule 8: return and pass

8.1 The ball coming from the opponent can be freely accepted from the air after flying over the tape and passed or knocked back to the opponent or after jumping up in one's own field or played back. The ball must reach the opposing field at the latest after the third touch.

8.2 The ball may:

8.2.1 played twice by the same player if another player touched the ball between the two touches;

8.2.2 are touched three times in total;

8.2.3 touch the ground only once after each stroke.

8.2.4 If two players on the same team hit the ball at the same time, this counts as two touches.

8.3 The pass must be done by hitting or batting.

8.4 The return is valid if the ball touches the ground of the opposing field or an opponent in or outside the opposing field.

8.5 If the ball flies over the tape coming from the floor of the own field during the incoming or return game, it may be played back into the own field from the air. The self-player has no prerogative over an opponent.

8.6 If a ball passes under the tape into the opponent's half of the game, it can be returned under the tape if it does not touch the ground of the opposing field during the outward or return flight.

8.7 If one player from both teams hits the ball over the tape at the same time (press blow) and the ball then falls into the tape or on the ground outside the field of play, this is not considered a fault. The last entry is repeated. If he falls into a field after the press blow without touching the tape, the team concerned is entitled to three more blows.

8.8 If the ball has flown over the boundary lines of the own field when trying to pass it or hit it back, it may continue to be played as long as it has not touched the ground. The ball can be passed or hit back directly within the marking strips.

8.9 Will a player:

8.9.1 hindered by an opponent, this scores a hit for the disadvantaged team;

8.9.2 or a game process is hindered by spectators or an obstacle within the playing field or run, this is not considered a fault. The last entry is repeated.

8.9.3 If an obstruction occurs due to one's own players, substitutes or supervisors, this is considered a fault for one's own team.

8.10 During a game, the ball may:

8.10.1 do not touch the hall walls including the devices attached to the walls (fault);

8.10.2 touching the ceiling in your own half of the hall and the devices attached to it when playing in your own playing field (no fault);

8.10.3 Do not touch the ceiling of the hall and the devices attached to it during the return game in the opposing field (fault).

Rule 9: Scoring

9.1 Every mistake made by a team is counted as a hit and reported to the other team.

9.2 The team that has scored the most goals in regular time wins. A tie means a tie.

9.3 If a game is abandoned, the game is considered lost for the team that caused the abandonment. It is rated with 10:20 hits. This rating also applies to the cancellation of a game.

9.4 Scoring in group games, see rule 6 Scoring and order of places in the DBS tournament regulations.

Rule 10: referee

10.1 Each game is directed by a referee who is assisted by four linesmen, a clerk, a scorer and a timekeeper.

10.2 Before the game, the referee checks that the playing field, the balls and the playing attire are in proper condition. Together with the team captains, he draws the side of the field and the information, ensures the correct display and timekeeping and, after the game, confirms the correctness of the match record with his signature.

10.3 The referee opens and closes the game and has the right to interrupt or abandon it. The beginning and end of halves, game interruptions and advantages are indicated by him by whistling or shouting. When playing on several playing fields at the same time, the time can be taken centrally. However, the referee remains responsible for his game.

10.4 The referee ensures compliance with the rules of the game and decides all questions independently. His rule decisions are final.

10.5 He announces each hit with a show of hands.

10.6 The referee has the duty to warn or expel a player for improper behavior or unfair play.

10.7 During a game, the referee stays outside the field of play on the sideline near the tape and positions himself so that he can control the linesmen and indicators.

If a ball hits the referee in the field of play, the last statement is repeated. If he hits him outside the field of play, this is considered a fault for the team that last touched the ball.

10.8 The line judges support the referee from the points drawn in the drawing in monitoring the rules of the game by signaling flags and shouting. You have no right to decide immediately.

10.9 The scorer and the keeper of the minutes are responsible for writing and displaying hits as well as monitoring and writing the substitution. Both team captains have to confirm the results and the team composition.