Social allowance

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Social allowance according to Section 19, Paragraph 1, Sentence 2 of the Second Book of the Social Code is a welfare benefit in Germany as part of the basic security for job seekers for people in need who are not able to work - and are therefore not entitled to Unemployment Benefit II - but who are in a community of need with an able-bodied person live within the meaning of Section 7 (3) SGB II, which can be claimed even in terms of ALG II.

The granting of social benefits by the job center responsible for ALG II instead of social assistance by the social welfare office is intended to avoid that different authorities are responsible for the individual members of a community of needs.

No social allowance , but basic security in old age and in the event of reduced earning capacity according to § 41 SGB ​​XII are given to people who are fully reduced to earning capacity or who have reached the regular retirement age .

Beneficiaries

Social benefits are given to those in need who

The group of people eligible for social allowance includes the following groups of people:

  • Children up to the age of 15 who live in a community of need,
    1,699,413 (as of December 2018)
  • Minors who are permanently unable to work in a community of needs until they are 18 years of age or
  • Adult beneficiaries in a benefit community who are neither fully incapacitated nor have reached the standard retirement age.

Even underage children of trainees who are not able to work and who are completing an education that is eligible according to BAföG or §§ 51, 57, 58 SGB III (vocational training allowance) and who are therefore not entitled to ALG II themselves according to § 7 (5) SGB II, are not entitled to them Entitlement to social allowance.

statistics

In May 2019 there were around 3 million benefit communities according to SGB II in Germany, of which around 1/2 million received social benefits. 75 million euros in social benefits are paid out per month. A benefit community with a right to social allowance receives an average of 158 euros in social allowance per month. The average social benefit entitlement of a BG with up to 2 children under 18 years of age is 20 euros per child in a single parent BG and 40 euros in a partner BG. There are around 1 million benefit communities with children, half of which are single parents.

Scope of social allowance

The social allowance includes the benefits to cover the following needs:

  • the standard requirement for adults, young adults, adolescents or children according to Sections 20, 23 SGB II,
  • the additional needs according to §§ 21, 23 SGB II and
  • the requirements for accommodation and heating according to §§ 22 ff. SGB II.

history

The social allowance is a benefit for those in need, which arose in January 2005 from the changes in social legislation based on the Hartz concept .

According to the ideas of the Hartz Commission, it was envisaged that the social benefit should replace the previous social assistance and be administered by the social welfare offices , i.e. by the municipalities. The social welfare offices should look after those entitled to social assistance in a service point under the roof of a job center.

This far-reaching organizational concept was ultimately not implemented. The idea of ​​a single point of contact ("one-face-to-the-customer") was taken into account by the fact that those in need of help who are not able to work and who live in a community with ALG II recipients do not receive social assistance from the social welfare office, but social benefits from the should be given the same position that ALG II provides. For everyone else who was not able to work, social assistance remained the same.

The measures described as the amalgamation of the two benefits unemployment benefit and social assistance do not affect all previous recipients of social assistance. The two combined benefits have therefore become three: ALG II, social allowance and (still) social allowance. In contrast to social assistance, social benefits under SGB II are not paid by the municipalities but by the federal government.

Asset allowances

The same allowances apply as for those in need of assistance who are capable of work (→ ALG II allowances ). This is a considerable difference compared to the basic security in old age and in the case of reduced earning capacity (tax exemption € 5,000 → asset allowance ) and also in the case of housing benefit (called "asset exemption limit " there).

Crediting of income

As with unemployment benefit II, income is taken into account for those in need of assistance who are fit for work (→ income allowance). The income mainly includes child benefit, but also child support and most other social benefits.

See also

literature

  • AG TuWas Rainer Roth , Harald Thomé (Ed.): Guideline Alg II / Social Welfare (23rd edition). Frankfurt am Main: Digital Reproduction and Publishing Service 2005 ( ISBN 3-932246-50-0 ).
  • Agency closing (ed.): Black Book Hartz IV. Social attack and resistance - an interim balance . Hamburg, Berlin: Association A 2006 ( ISBN 3-935936-51-6 ).
  • Peter Hartz et al .: Modern services on the labor market. Commission proposals to reduce unemployment and to restructure the Federal Labor Office. Federal Ministry for Labor and Social Affairs . Berlin 2002 ( short version , 19 pages; long version ( Memento from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 12.9 MB), 355 pages).
  • TuWas unemployment project [Udo Geiger, Ursula Fasselt, Ulrich Stascheit, Ute Winkler] (Eds.): Guide to unemployment benefit II. Legal advice on SGB II (2nd edition). Frankfurt am Main: Fachhochschulverlag 2006 ( ISBN 3-936065-70-5 ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b children in benefit communities
  2. ↑ Payment entitlements from benefit communities
  3. ↑ Hartz 2002: 27; 129
  4. ↑ Modern services on the labor market, proposals by the commission to reduce unemployment and to restructure the Federal Labor Office, p. 193.
  5. ^ AG TuWas 2005: 206