Criminal Law (Czech Republic)

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The Czech criminal law is the national criminal law of the Czech Republic .

Substantive and formal criminal law

In Czech law, a distinction is made between substantive criminal law and formal criminal law. The material criminal law determines which types of behavior are punishable. It is essentially regulated by the Criminal Code (Act No. 40/2009 Coll., Trestní zákoník).

The Criminal Code came into force on January 1, 2010 and replaced the previous Criminal Code of 1961 (Act No. 140/1961 SIg.). German and Czech criminal law have some similarities. A big difference compared to German criminal law, however, is that in the Czech legal system there is also criminal responsibility of legal persons ( corporate criminal law ), which is contained in Act No. 418/2011 Coll., On the criminal responsibility of legal persons. According to this law, apart from a few exceptions, you can generally commit criminal offenses for all offenses listed in the Czech Criminal Code.

Formal criminal law essentially regulates criminal proceedings. The main source of formal criminal law is the Code of Criminal Procedure (Act No. 141/1961 Coll.).

Structure of the Czech Criminal Code

Similar to the German Criminal Code, the Czech Criminal Code is divided into a general part and a special part. The individual criminal offenses are defined in the special section of the Czech Criminal Code. The criminal offenses are divided into the following areas:

  1. Offenses against life and health
  2. Crimes against freedom, personal rights, private life and the confidentiality of letters
  3. Offenses against human dignity in the area of ​​sexuality
  4. Crimes against the family and children
  5. Offenses against property
  6. Economic crimes
  7. Public offenses
  8. Crimes against the environment
  9. Crimes against the Czech Republic, foreign states and international organizations
  10. Offenses against public order Offenses against conscription
  11. Military crimes (military criminal law)
  12. Crimes against humanity, peace and war crimes

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Czech Penal Code of 2009. Retrieved October 8, 2017 (Czech).
  2. ↑ Hartmanová, Hedvika / Steininger, Vojtěch / Sommerfeld, Jan: Criminal Law in the Czech Republic. Retrieved October 8, 2017 .
  3. ↑ Czech Law on the Criminal Responsibility of Legal Persons. Retrieved October 8, 2017 .
  4. ↑ Hartmanová, Hedvika / Steininger, Vojtěch / Sommerfeld, Jan: Criminal Law in the Czech Republic. Retrieved October 8, 2017 .
  5. ↑ Czech Code of Criminal Procedure. Retrieved October 8, 2017 .