Subalpine altitude
The subalpine altitude or vegetation level is an ecological altitude level in mountains, which comprises the transition from closed forest (montane level) to alpine grass (alpine level), i.e. loosened forest, crooked wood and other types of vegetation. In many mountains, especially in the Alps, the subalpine level is strongly influenced by humans and their livestock, which is why the typical subalpine pastures and alpine rose meadows have developed.
In non-human impact areas falling tree line and tree line along most, the forest ends in a united front. As a result, a subalpine level is usually only weak.
In the Alps , the subalpine level includes the subalpine larch - stone pine forests, larch forests and pines - crooked wood stocks, on silicate also green alder stocks . In the Eastern Alps, the subalpine level begins at 1500 to 2000 m and extends to 2500 or 2800 m.
Individual evidence
- ^ Matthias Schaefer: Dictionary of Ecology . 4th edition, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg, Berlin 2003, p. 334. ISBN 3-8274-0167-4
- ^ Heinz Ellenberg : Vegetation of Central Europe with the Alps from an ecological point of view. 4th, improved edition. Ulmer, Stuttgart 1986, ISBN 3-8001-3430-6 , p. 520 ff.
- ^ Heinz Ellenberg: Vegetation Central Europe with the Alps , 1986, pp. 299–317.
- ^ Manfred A. Fischer , Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 , p. 134.