Sudanese People's Liberation Movement

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On the left the coat of arms of the Sudanese People's Liberation Movement, on the right that of the Sudanese People's Liberation Army

The Sudanese People's Liberation Movement ( English Sudan People's Liberation Movement , abbreviated SPLM or SPLM / A ; Arabic الحركة الشعبية لتحرير السودان, DMG al-ḥaraka aš-šaʿbiyya li-taḥrīr as-Sūdān ) is a political party in South Sudan and the political arm of the Sudanese People's Liberation Army (SPLA). It has been the sole ruling party since South Sudan was founded in 2011. There have been no national elections since South Sudan's independence, however.

history

Former flag of the SPLM in the 1990s

In 1983 the SPLM was founded by John Garang . However, he died on August 1, 2005, a few weeks after the conclusion of the peace agreement (CPA) between Sudan and the SPLM, in a helicopter crash. Since then, the SPLM's leader has been Salva Kiir Mayardit , who has also been the country's president since the founding of South Sudan. However, there have been no nationwide elections in South Sudan since independence.

The elections in Sudan 2010 were won by the SPLM within the (then) autonomous region of South Sudan with an overwhelming majority. She also won the gubernatorial elections with her candidate Malik Agar in one of the 15 northern Sudanese states, in an-Nil al-azraq . In Dschanub Kurdufan (South Kordofan), where the gubernatorial election did not take place until 2011, she denies the defeat of her candidate against Ahmad Harun from the ruling party.

Due to the widespread corruption and nepotism as well as the insecurity in the country, the SPLM has increasingly lost support within the population since 2010. The country is still marked by armed conflicts and economic underdevelopment. The SPLM is also accused of serious human rights violations in connection with the SPLA.

In the run-up to the independence of South Sudan, the SPLM split into a southern and a northern branch. The SPLM-North or SPLM-N is active as an opposition party in (Northern) Sudan after the split of South Sudan. Their leader is Malik Agar and the general secretary is Yasir Arman . The Sudanese government has refused to recognize it as a political party and has demanded that fighters from Janub Kurdufan and an-Nil al-azraq withdraw to South Sudan. Other groups have also split off from the SPLM. These include in particular the SPLM / A-IO , the SPLM / A-FD and the SPLM-DC .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Copnall, J .: A poisonous thorn in our hearts: Sudan and South Sudan's bitter and incomplete divorce . Hurts & Co., London 2017.
  2. ↑ OHRolandsen: was Another civil in South Sudan: the failure of Guerrilla Government? In: Journal of Eastern African Studies. October 14, 2014, accessed October 14, 2017 .
  3. ↑ A.de Waal: When kleptocracy becomes insolvent: Brute causes of the civil war in South Sudan. In: African Affairs, Volume 113, Issue 452. July 1, 2014, accessed on October 14, 2017 .
  4. ^ South Sudan 2015. Amnesty International, 2015, accessed 2017 .
  5. ↑ South Sudan 2017. Amnesty International, 2017, accessed 2017 .
  6. ^ SPLM adopts South Sudan name, untangles its northern sector , in: Sudan Tribune, February 14, 2011
  7. ^ Sudan shuts down SPLM-North offices in Khartoum , in: Sudan Tribune, September 4, 2011
  8. ↑ Al-Bashir vows to squelch SPLM-N as Sudan's army says ready to take rebels' stronghold , in: Sudan Tribune, September 5, 2011
  9. ^ Democratic Change Party. Sudan Tribune, accessed August 17, 2018 .