Eisenach synagogue
The New Synagogue in the Thuringian city of Eisenach was inaugurated in 1885, set on fire in the course of the November pogroms on November 9, 1938, and the ruins were torn down in 1939. There is now a memorial at its previous location.
history
Previous buildings
A synagogue had existed in Eisenach since the Middle Ages. It was located in what was then Judengasse , in what is now Karlsstrasse 23, and existed until the 19th century. Before that there was probably already a synagogue in the area of today's Löbergasse in the 14th century.
On September 30, 1864, a prayer room in the rear building of Jakobsplan 19, which was acquired by the Jewish community, was inaugurated. The Jewish community grew quickly and the prayer room soon became too small. In 1882 the grand ducal administration limited the capacity of the room to 100 worshipers for security reasons. During this time, Jewish festivals were celebrated in the Zum Löwen inn , today's Golden Lion Memorial , on Marienstraße.
For these reasons, the Jewish community started looking for a suitable location for a new synagogue from 1883.
New synagogue
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The new synagogue at Wörthstrasse 26 (today: Karl-Marx-Strasse), on the north bank of the Mühlgraben, was built in 1884–1885 by the Eisenach architect Hermann Hahn . The foundation stone was laid on April 10, 1884, and the inauguration ceremony on January 8, 1885. In addition to prayer rooms, the synagogue building also had conference rooms, offices and classrooms for the religious education of the children.
As early as 1923 and 1925 there were minor attacks on the synagogue, the windows of the synagogue were broken. After the National Socialists came to power in 1933, three strangers attempted an explosive attack on the building.
On November 9, 1938, members of the Hitler Youth and the SA broke into the synagogue, destroyed the furniture and looted the ritual objects. The building was set on fire around 10:30 p.m.
The fire ruins were removed shortly afterwards and the property transferred to the city.
memorial
On September 21, 1947, a memorial was inaugurated on the site of the synagogue in the presence of important personalities from the city and state of Thuringia. It consists of a gravel surface with the plan of the synagogue, which is marked by stone slabs in the floor. In front of it is a planting bed in the shape of a Star of David . On the east side there is a stone monument from the synagogue. A Star of David and a menorah on each side are attached to the memorial; there is a memorial plaque on the front.
In 1998 the memorial plaque was replaced by a plaque with the inscription:
“ The synagogue of the Jewish religious community of Eisenach stood at this place. It was devastated and burned down on November 9, 1938 by the National Socialist hordes. "
Further memorials in Eisenach
- A memorial plaque in Eisenach's main train station commemorates the deportation of the Eisenach Jews from the city.
- Since August 2009 stumbling blocks have been laid in Eisenach to commemorate the murdered Jewish citizens of the city.
See also
literature
- Reinhold Brunner: From Judengasse to Karlstrasse. Jewish life in Eisenach. Hain, Weimar 2003, ISBN 978-3-89807-050-8 .
Web links
- Alemannia Judaica : Eisenach (Thuringia); Jewish history / synagogues
- Website of the city of Eisenach
- Pictures of the deportation of Jews from Eisenach
- Interview with contemporary witnesses on Wartburg Radio 96.5
Individual evidence
- ↑ The Israelite, April 21, 1933.
Coordinates: 50 ° 58 ′ 31.7 ″ N , 10 ° 19 ′ 18.2 ″ E