Tōsei-ha

The Tōsei-ha ( Japanese 統制 派 , dt. About: "control faction , group") was a group within the Japanese army and navy in the 1920s and 1930s, which saw itself as a moderate opposition to the extreme Kōdō-ha . It emerged primarily as a reaction to the policy of the Army Minister Araki Sadao . However, no formal organization has been identified with it, the name itself goes back to a derisive name that Kōdō-ha representatives gave their political opponents in the military.

The Tōsei-ha was led by General Ugaki Kazushige , along with Sugiyama Gen , Kuniaki Koiso , Umezu Yoshijirō , Nagata Tetsuzan , Mutō Akira and Tōjō Hideki . They took a centralistic and conservative course to mobilize Japan for war. In return, the members (mainly officers ) wanted to take the rule of law, and not the terrorist path like the Kōdō-ha. Nevertheless, both groups shared many ideas and concepts. Disputes arose more often from specific questions than from ideological contradictions.

The Tōsei-ha were able to record a victory in January 1934, when General Araki Sadao was forced to resign after the excesses of the Kwantung army and could be replaced by his own representative, General Hayashi Senjūrō . However, the struggle between the factions continued in the government, and the war in northern China continued until February 1936. After the coup attempt initiated by Kōdō-ha members on February 26, 1936 , the dispute was put on hold for the time being after government agencies had Kōdō-ha members largely removed from the army.