Tea rose (rose)
| tea rose | |
|---|---|
Rosa 'Gloire de Dijon' |
|
| group | Tea roses |
| origin | France |
| known since | 1853 |
| breeder | Jacotot |
| List of rose varieties | |
The tea roses ( Rosa indica fragrans ) are an old rose class within the cultivated roses . The first "modern" roses were created in the 19th century by crossing Chinese tea roses with European rose varieties: the hybrid tea roses.
Tea roses came to Sweden from Canton in China as early as 1752, then to England in 1759 and from there to Central Europe. They were already bred from Rosa gigantea × Rosa chinensis in their homeland and were very popular and common. In Europe, however, the new rose proved to be insufficiently hardy. The first imports were therefore soon forgotten again. It was not until the beginning of the 19th century that new tea roses came to England and gardeners learned to deal with the sensitive exotic species.
Origin of the name "tea rose"
It is not known what the English name tea rose (German tea rose ) is based on. There are different interpretations:
- These roses are said to have been planted in tea gardens in China .
- The rose bushes were imported from the Chinese canton to Europe by tea dealers or transported in tea boxes.
- The roses smell of tea.
- The “Odorata” and “Ochroleuca” rose varieties were grown in Canton by the large Chinese nursery Fa-Ti. The Fa-Ti rose became the English name Tea rose . It wasn't until 1808 and 1824 that dealers succeeded in gaining a foothold in England with these two varieties.
sorts
Early varieties
Early tea roses were
- 1824: 'Parks Yellow Tea-scented China' - yellow
- 1825: 'Duc de Choiseul' (Vibert)
- 1826: 'Jaune Desprez' (Desprez) - yellow
- 1830: 'Lamarque' (Maréchal) - white and light yellow
In the two varieties 'Jaune Desprez' and 'Lamarque', 'Parks Yellow Tea-scented China' was the pollen variety, the original Noisetterose the mother. Actually, the two crosses should have been classified as Noisette roses, but since the Noisette rose was self-sterile and did not produce any pure offspring, they use the designation "Noisette roses" and "Ancestors of the Noisette line" wrongly. From today's perspective, they are hybrid tea, as well as their descendants 'Chromatella', 'Maréchal Niel', 'William Allen Richardson', 'Alister Stella Gray' and others. The fact that 'Parks Yellow China' was the father and not the mother variety here has no meaning for the offspring.
Then followed, among other things
- 1833: 'Smith's Yellow'
- 1835 or 1843: 'Niphetos' (Bougère) - white
- 1850: 'Sombreuil' (Robert)
- 1853: 'Gloire de Dijon' (Jacotot - pale yellow-pink-orange, climbing) from an unknown tea rose × ' Souvenir de la Malmaison ', again a tea hybrid
- 1859: 'Victor Verdier' (Laughing Arms) - from 'Jules Margottin' × 'Safrano'. The English breeder Pemberton said of this variety that it must have more tea rose "blood" than other Remontant roses. He concluded this from the fact that she was always dogged by rabbits.
Other varieties (selection)
- 1869: 'Catherine Mermet' (Guillot) - peach pink
- 1880: 'Mlle Franciska Krüger' (Nabonnand) - yellow
- 1892: 'Archiduc Joseph' (Nabonnand) - pink
- 1910: 'Lady Hillingdon' - orange-yellow
literature
- Wolfgang Hensel: 120 popular garden mistakes and how to avoid them , Franckh-Kosmos 2004 ISBN 3-440-09655-6
- Heinrich Schultheis: Roses: the best kinds and varieties for the garden , Stuttgart: Ulmer 1996, p. 54, ISBN 3-8001-6601-1
