Theoretical linguistics
Theoretical linguistics is a widespread but not generally used term for a sub-area of general linguistics (→ General Linguistics # Theoretical Subjects ), which is primarily concerned with the development of abstract linguistic models. This essentially includes theoretical constructs of grammar and the search for and explanation of language universals , i.e. properties that all natural languages have in common.
The main areas of theoretical linguistics are as follows:
- The syntax examines the rules for forming sentences .
- The phonology is concerned with the combination and function of sounds .
- The morphology deals with the components of words and their relation to syntax.
- The semantics capture the meaning and meaning of linguistic units.
Even if phonetics as the study of the physical properties, articulation and perception of speech sounds is closely related to phonology and is often treated together with it, it is usually not considered part of theoretical linguistics.