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A sound is generally a noise or a sound produced by the human or animal voice. The generation and perception of human sounds is the subject of phonetics , in the animal kingdom of bioacoustics .
Speech sounds
In general linguistics , a sound in the narrower sense is a defined sound wave produced with the flow of the breath when the speech tools are in a certain position .
A speech sound or phon is understood as the smallest phonetic unit of the spoken language . The written representation is possible through phonetic transcription . The International Phonetic Alphabet is the standard for this .
In principle, an immense number of sounds can be produced with the human organs of articulation; but each individual language is limited to a certain inventory of sounds. The linguistic sounds present in the languages of the world are combined into different sound groups with regard to their articulation . The following table contrasts the general terms used in the Duden, for example, with an equivalent foreign word:
| general term | Foreign word |
|---|---|
| Engelaut | Fricative |
| Flowing | Liquids |
| Palate | Guttural |
| Soft palate loud | Velar |
| Back palate | Velar |
| Larynx | Glottal |
| Lip palate | Labiovelar |
| Lip sound | Bilabial |
| Lip tooth sound | Labiodental |
| consonant | consonant |
| Nose sound | nasal |
| Throat sound | Pharyngeal |
| Fricative | Fricative |
| click | Click |
| Vibrating noise | Vibrant |
| Side noise | Lateral |
| Self-loud | vocal |
| Glottal sound | Glottal |
| Plosive sound | Plosive |
| Closure friction sound | Affricates |
| Frontal palate | Palatal |
| Tooth dam loud | Alveolar |
| Tooth sound | Dental |
| Suppository sound | Uvular |
| Trembling sound | Vibrant |
| Hissing sound | Sibilant |
| Tongue sound | Lingual |
| Back of tongue sound | Dorsal |
See also
- Phonography (linguistics) (ratio sound / phoneme - letter)
- Sound duration
- phoneme
- Prosody
