Fricative

A fricative (also fricative , narrow sound , Konstriktiv , Spirans , Spirant ) is an after its manner of articulation designated consonant . During the articulation , a narrow point is formed, which swirls the outflowing air and creates the fricative sound. Fricatives can be voiceless or voiced . A large subgroup of fricatives are the sibilants (sibilants), which are formed in the front of the mouth and are characterized by an audible whistling or hissing sound . Examples of fricatives are the German sounds that are written as “s”, “f” or “v”.

The International Phonetic Alphabet knows the following fricatives:

• bilabial fricatives
  • [⁠ .phi ⁠] voiceless bilabial fricative
  • [⁠ .beta. ⁠] voiced fricative bilabial
• labiodental fricatives (lip tooth fricatives)
  • [⁠ f ⁠] unvoiced fricative labiodental
  • [⁠ v ⁠] voiced labiodental fricative
• dental fricatives
  • [⁠ .theta ⁠] voiceless dental fricative
  • [⁠ ð ⁠] voiced dental fricative
• alveolar fricatives (dental frictions)
  • [⁠ s ⁠] voiceless alveolar fricative
  • [⁠ for ⁠] voiced alveolar fricative
  • [⁠ ɬ ⁠] voiceless alveolar lateral fricative
  • [⁠ ɮ ⁠] voiced alveolar lateral fricative
• postalveolar fricatives (palatoalveolar fricatives)
  • [⁠ ʃ ⁠] voiceless fricative postalveolar
  • [⁠ ʒ ⁠] voiced fricative postalveolar
• retroflex fricatives
  • [⁠ ʂ ⁠] voiceless retroflex fricative
  • [⁠ ʐ ⁠] voiced retroflex fricative
• alveolopalatal fricatives
  • [⁠ ɕ ⁠] voiceless alveolo-palatal sibilant
  • [⁠ ʑ ⁠] voiced alveolo-palatal sibilant
• palatal fricatives
  • [⁠ ç ⁠] voiceless palatal fricative ( I-sound )
  • [⁠ ʝ ⁠] voiced palatal fricative
• velar fricatives (posterior palate fricatives)
  • [⁠ x ⁠] voiceless velar fricative ( Ach-Laut )
  • [⁠ ɣ ⁠] voiced velar fricative
  • [⁠ ʍ ⁠] voiceless fricative labialvelarer
  • [⁠ ɧ ⁠] voiceless velar fricative dorsopalataler
• uvular fricatives
  • [⁠ χ ⁠] voiceless uvular fricative ( Ach-Laut )
  • [⁠ ʁ ⁠] voiced uvular fricative
• pharyngeal fricatives
  • [⁠ ħ ⁠] voiceless pharyngeal fricative
  • [⁠ ʕ ⁠] voiced pharyngeal fricative
• epiglottal fricatives
  • [⁠ ʜ ⁠] voiceless fricative epiglottaler
  • [⁠ ʢ ⁠] voiced fricative epiglottaler
• glottal fricatives ( glottal fricatives)
  • [⁠ h ⁠] voiceless glottal fricative
  • [⁠ ɦ ⁠] voiced glottal fricative
• ejective fricatives
  • [⁠ s' ⁠] alveolar fricative ejektiver
  • [ fʼ ] labiodental ejective fricative

Web links

Wiktionary: Fricative  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Wiktionary: Spirant  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations