Voiceless postalveolar fricative
IPA mark | ʃ |
---|---|
IPA number | 134 |
IPA character description | Latin minuscule Esh |
Unicode | U + 0283 |
HTML (dec.) | & # 643; |
X-SAMPA |
S
|
Kirshenbaum |
S
|
ʃa ʔaʃa ]
[ |
The voiceless fricative postalveolar (a voiceless , behind the alveoli educated fricative ) is a occurring in many languages sibilant , the "generally in German as sch " sound is known.
The articulation is lamino- postalveolar or apico- postalveolar, i.e. H. the blade of the tongue or the tip of the tongue forms a turbulence-producing bottleneck with the palate behind the dental dam. In German, this is often accompanied by a rounded lip .
The sound has the following phonetic and orthographic realizations in different languages:
- German [ ʃ ] : Characterized by beautiful and s before p and t in initial position.
- English [ ʃ ] : Characterized by sh and sometimes s and (in derived from the Latin words) by ti and ci
-
French [ ʃ ] : Characterized by ch .
- Example: ch aussure [ ʃoˈsyʁ ]
-
Italian [ ʃ ] : sc before e and i and sci before a, o and u
- Examples: sc endi [ ˈʃendi ], cono sci amo [ konoˈʃaːmo ]
- Persian : Marked by ش
- Polish : Marked by Sz, sz (szaszłik, szkoła)
- Romanian [ ʃ ] : Characterized by Ş, ş
- Russian [ ʃ ] : Characterized by Ш, ш
- Slovak [ ʃ ] : Characterized by Š, š
- Spanish : Partly allophone of / tʃ / or / ʝ / , otherwise only anglicisms (but often replaced by [ s ] or sometimes [ tʃ ] ). In Latin America, especially Argentina and Uruguay, y and ll are pronounced with ʃ; see Yeísmo .
- Czech : [ ʃ ] : Characterized by S, S (sest šiška)
-
Turkish [ ʃ ] : Characterized by Ş, ş
- Example: ş ehir [ ʃɛhir ]
- Hungarian : Marked by S, s (spiritusz = spirit, sonka = ham)
See also
Pulmonary consonants according to IPA (2005) |
bilabial |
labio- dental |
dental | alveolar |
post- alveolar |
retroflex | palatal | velar | uvular |
phase- ryngal |
glottal | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | ||
Plosives | p | b | t | d | ʈ | ɖ | c | ɟ | k | ɡ | q | ɢ | ʔ | ||||||||||
Nasals | m | ɱ | n | ɳ | ɲ | ŋ | ɴ | ||||||||||||||||
Vibrants | ʙ | r | ʀ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Taps / flaps | ⱱ | ɾ | ɽ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Fricatives | ɸ | β | f | v | θ | ð | s | z | ʃ | ʒ | ʂ | ʐ | ç | ʝ | x | ɣ | χ | ʁ | H | ʕ | H | ɦ | |
lateral fricatives | ɬ | ɮ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Approximants | ʋ | ɹ | ɻ | j | w ¹ | ||||||||||||||||||
lateral approximants | l | ɭ | ʎ | ʟ | |||||||||||||||||||
¹ The labialised variant [ w ] was inserted here as a voiced velar approximant ( half vowel ) instead of the non-labialised variant [ ɰ ]. |