Voiced labiodental flap

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IPA mark ⱱ
IPA number 184
IPA character description v with hook on the right
Unicode U + 2C71
HTML (dec.) & # 11377;
X-SAMPA keine
Kirshenbaum keine

The labiodental flap is a consonant that occurs in several languages ​​of the Central African Republic and neighboring countries, for example in Margi or Kera , as well as in Zimbabwe . Furthermore, it should occur in the Austronesian language Sika . It is an unusual example of a non-rhotic flap .

The bilabial flap appears to be an allophone in most languages , if not all, so one could speak of a labial flap more generally .

character

In linguistic literature, the labiodental flap has often been described ad hoc with the Brevis as an IPA designation for extra brevity: [ v̆ ], sometimes with the symbol coined Labial flap.pngby Joseph Greenberg . After Dr. Kenneth S. Olsen had requested the inclusion of the labiodental flap in the International Phonetic Alphabet, the International Phonetic Association agreed in 2005 to designate it with a v with a hook on the right :

Labiodental flap (Gentium) .svg

The symbol is a combination of v and ɾ , the symbol for the alveolar tap . ​​

This was the first new mark to be included in the IPA in twelve years. The Unicode character set was extended by this character in version 5.1.0 (U + 2C71: ⱱ). Alternatively, the similar letter Ischiza (ѵ) from the Cyrillic alphabet or U + F25F from the Private Use Area (recommendation of the IPA) is used.

education

The labiodental flap begins with the lower lip on the inside of the upper incisors. The lower lip is then flung out, brushing the upper incisors or the upper lip, or both.

Examples

In Sika, the labiodental flap can be heard when pronounced carefully, but it can also be pronounced as a voiced labiodental plosive [ b̪ ] or as an affricate . He is in opposition to both the voiced bilabial and the labiodental fricative :

[ ѵoːtɛr ] 'I put a stake in the ground'
[ βotɛːr ] 'I buy'
[ voːtɛr ] ' we (inclusive) buy'
Audio file / audio sample A labiodental flap between two A ? / i

See also

Web links

literature

  • Kenneth S. Olson, John Hajek: The phonetic status of the labial flap . In: Journal of the International Phonetic Association , 29/2/1999, pp. 101-114.
Pulmonary consonants
according to IPA (2005) 		bilabial labio-
dental 		dental alveolar post-
alveolar 		retroflex palatal velar uvular phase-
ryngal 		glottal
stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth. stl. sth.
Plosives ​p​ ​b​ ​t​ ​d​ ​ʈ​ ​ɖ​ ​c​ ​ɟ​ ​k​ ​ɡ​ ​q​ ​ɢ​ ​ʔ​
Nasals ​m​ ​ɱ​ ​n​ ​ɳ​ ​ɲ​ ​ŋ​ ​ɴ​
Vibrants ​ʙ​ ​r​ ​ʀ​
Taps / flaps ​ⱱ​ ​ɾ​ ​ɽ​
Fricatives ​ɸ​ ​β​ ​f​ ​v​ ​θ​ ​ð​ ​s​ ​z​ ​ʃ​ ​ʒ​ ​ʂ​ ​ʐ​ ​ç​ ​ʝ​ ​x​ ​ɣ​ ​χ​ ​ʁ​ ​H​ ​ʕ​ ​H​ ​ɦ​
lateral fricatives ​ɬ​ ​ɮ​
Approximants ​ʋ​ ​ɹ​ ​ɻ​ ​j​ ​w​ ¹
lateral approximants ​l​ ​ɭ​ ​ʎ​ ​ʟ​
¹ The labialised variant [ w ] was inserted here as a voiced velar approximant ( half vowel ) instead of the non-labialised variant [ ɰ ].