Voiced velar nasal

IPA mark	ŋ
IPA number	119
IPA character description	Latin minuscule Eng
Unicode	U + 014B
HTML (dec.)	& # 331;
X-SAMPA	N
Kirshenbaum	N
Audio sample ? / i [ ŋa ʔaŋa ]

The voiced velar nasal is a consonant found in various languages ​​around the world . Is According egressive , voiced , velar , nasal and plosive . His IPA symbol is [⁠ ŋ ⁠] ; In Latin scripts, the sound is often reproduced with the digraph ng , special characters for the sound are Ŋ (Saami and Africa alphabet), Ň (Turkmen) and G (Fiji).

Syllable end

Phonetic and orthographic realization of the voiced velar nasal at the end of the syllable in different languages:

• German [⁠ ŋ ⁠] : Mostly characterized by <ng>, before / k / by mere <n>.
  • Example: Fi n k [ ˈfɪŋk ], Di ng [ ˈdɪŋ ]
• English [⁠ ŋ ⁠] : Characterized by <ng>, respectively (before / k /) with <n>.
  • Example: si ng [ ˈsɪŋ ], a n gle [ ˈæŋgəl ], thi n k [ ˈθɪŋk ]
• Italian [⁠ ŋ ⁠] : Every <n>, where a [⁠ g ⁠] or [⁠ k ⁠] follows.
  • Examples: ve n go [ ˈvɛŋgo ], ci n quanta [ tʃiŋˈkwanta ]
• Persian [⁠ ŋ ⁠] : Every <n>, where a [⁠ g ⁠] or [⁠ k ⁠] follows.
  • Examples: سنگر [ sæŋgær ], کنکور [ koŋkuːr ]
• Spanish [⁠ ŋ ⁠] : Each silbenauslautende <n>, where a velar consonant follows.
  • Example: le n gua [ ˈleŋgwa ]

In Greek and Latin grammar , the sound is called Agma.

Beginning of word

In most European languages ​​this sound cannot appear at the beginning of a word, but in numerous other languages ​​- especially in Africa, East and Southeast Asia - it comes as an independent phoneme e.g. B. also at the beginning of the word. Examples:

• Indonesian : ngarai [ ŋarai ] "valley"
• Vietnamese : người [ ŋɨɜ̀j ] "human"
• Cantonese : 鴨 [ ŋaːp ] "duck"
• Burmese : ငါ [ ŋà ] "I"
• Khmer : ងាវ [ ŋieo ] "oyster"
• Thai : งู [ ŋuː ] "snake"
• Swahili : ng'ombe [ ˈŋɔˑmbɛ ] "cow", ngoma [ ˈŋgɔˑma ] "drum", nge [ ˈŋ̩gɛ ] "scorpion" (the latter emphasized on the [ ŋ ])

See also

• consonant
• Nasal (phonetics)
• Voicing
• Velar

Footnotes

1. ↑ http://www.duden.de/rechtschreibung/Agma
2. ↑ Whorf, Benjamin Lee 1963: Language, Thought, Reality. Contributions to metalinguistics and philosophy of language Rowohlt
3. ^ Gregory DS Anderson: Feature / Chapter 9: The Velar Nasal The World Atlas of Language Structures Online .

Pulmonary consonants according to IPA (2005)	bilabial		labio- dental		dental		alveolar		post- alveolar		retroflex		palatal		velar		uvular		phase- ryngal		glottal
	stl.	sth.	stl.	sth.	stl.	sth.	stl.	sth.	stl.	sth.	stl.	sth.	stl.	sth.	stl.	sth.	stl.	sth.	stl.	sth.	stl.	sth.
Plosives	​p​	​b​					​t​	​d​			​ʈ​	​ɖ​	​c​	​ɟ​	​k​	​ɡ​	​q​	​ɢ​			​ʔ​
Nasals		​m​		​ɱ​				​n​				​ɳ​		​ɲ​		​ŋ​		​ɴ​
Vibrants		​ʙ​						​r​										​ʀ​
Taps / flaps				​ⱱ​				​ɾ​				​ɽ​
Fricatives	​ɸ​	​β​	​f​	​v​	​θ​	​ð​	​s​	​z​	​ʃ​	​ʒ​	​ʂ​	​ʐ​	​ç​	​ʝ​	​x​	​ɣ​	​χ​	​ʁ​	​H​	​ʕ​	​H​	​ɦ​
lateral fricatives							​ɬ​	​ɮ​
Approximants				​ʋ​				​ɹ​				​ɻ​		​j​		​w​ ¹
lateral approximants								​l​				​ɭ​		​ʎ​		​ʟ​
¹ The labialised variant [ w ] was inserted here as a voiced velar approximant ( half vowel ) instead of the non-labialised variant [ ɰ ].