Voiceless alveolar fricative
IPA mark | s |
---|---|
IPA number | 132 |
IPA character description | Latin minuscule s |
Unicode | U + 0073 (s) |
HTML (dec.) | & # 115; |
X-SAMPA |
s
|
Kirshenbaum |
s
|
sa ʔasa ]
[ |
The voiceless alveolar fricative (a voiceless , to the alveoli educated fricative ) has the following in different languages phonetic and orthographic realizations:
- German [ s ] : ß , ss , as well as single s under certain conditions: before consonant letters , according to unvoiced consonants and in word and Silbenauslaut (T. result, for the here. Devoicing : when it recovers the underlying Morphophonems / z / ).
- English [ s ] : s (usually except between vowels) and c before e, i and y
-
French [ s ] : ss and s in initial position and before and after both consonants (in Wortauslaut but often silent); also ç and c before e, i and y; t in the suffix -tion.
- Examples: a ss o c ia t ion [ asɔsjasjɔ̃ ], s en s ible [ sɑ̃sibl ], commen ç ons [ kɔmɑ̃sɔ̃ ]
- Italian [ s ] : s in initial position and before voiceless consonants .
- Russian [ s ] : С, с, and з end of the word ( devoicing ).
- Spanish [ s ] : Each s. Also a replacement for the voiceless dental fricative ( z , and c before e, i, y ) in Latin America and parts of Spain .
See also
Pulmonary consonants according to IPA (2005) |
bilabial |
labio- dental |
dental | alveolar |
post- alveolar |
retroflex | palatal | velar | uvular |
phase- ryngal |
glottal | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | stl. | sth. | ||
Plosives | p | b | t | d | ʈ | ɖ | c | ɟ | k | ɡ | q | ɢ | ʔ | ||||||||||
Nasals | m | ɱ | n | ɳ | ɲ | ŋ | ɴ | ||||||||||||||||
Vibrants | ʙ | r | ʀ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Taps / flaps | ⱱ | ɾ | ɽ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Fricatives | ɸ | β | f | v | θ | ð | s | z | ʃ | ʒ | ʂ | ʐ | ç | ʝ | x | ɣ | χ | ʁ | H | ʕ | H | ɦ | |
lateral fricatives | ɬ | ɮ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Approximants | ʋ | ɹ | ɻ | j | w ¹ | ||||||||||||||||||
lateral approximants | l | ɭ | ʎ | ʟ | |||||||||||||||||||
¹ The labialised variant [ w ] was inserted here as a voiced velar approximant ( half vowel ) instead of the non-labialised variant [ ɰ ]. |