Dental

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IPA mark ◌̪
IPA number 408
IPA character description bridge symbol below
Unicode U + 032A
HTML (dec.) & # 810;
X-SAMPA _d
Kirshenbaum <dnt>

In phonetics , dental describes the place of articulation of a sound. A dental According to (German and dental According ) is with the teeth formed the Decadent, and will apico-dental (v. Lat. Apex called "the (tongue) tip"). In the International Phonetic Alphabet , dental sounds are identified by a bridge symbol (◌̪, Unicode COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW U + 032A). If, in addition to the teeth, the lip is also used to articulate a sound, it is called a labiodental .

Apiko-dental (tongue tip to tooth) are the voiced and the unvoiced variant of the English “th” sound, labiodental (tooth to lip) are the sounds of the German letters “f” and “w” “(v)”.

There are also lamino-dental sounds in which the tongue comes into contact with the palate of the upper teeth. These are variants of the sounds [⁠ t ⁠] , [⁠ d ⁠] , [⁠ s ⁠] and [⁠ for ⁠] .

IPA description example
voiced alveolar nasal Russian ба н к [ba k] "Bank"
voiceless dental plosive Finnish t u tt i [ u t̪t̪ i] "Pacifier"
voiced dental plosive Arabic د ين [ iːn] "religion"
voiceless dental sibilant fricative Polish ko s a [kɔ a] "Sense"
voiced dental sibilant fricative Polish ko z a [kɔ a] "goat"
θ voiceless dental fricative English th ing [ θ ɪŋ] "thing"
ð voiced dental fricative English th is [ ð ɪs] "dies"
ð̞ voiced dental fricative Spanish co d o [ko ð̞ o] "elbow"
voiced lateral alveolar approximant Spanish a l to [a t̪o] "high"
ɾ̪ voiced alveolar tap spanish ha r to [a ɾ̪ t̪o] "full"
voiced alveolar vibrant Hungarian r ó [ oː] "to carve"
t̪ʼ dental ejective
ɗ̪ voiced dental implosive
ǀ dental click Xhosa ukú c ola [uk'u ʇ ola] "fine grinding"
Articulation of a dental
Sagittal plane of the human oral cavity , oro pharynx and Larynopharynx. Places of articulation (active and passive): 1 exolabial (outer part of the lip), 2 endolabial (inner part of the lip), 3 dental (teeth) , 4 alveolar (front part of the dental dam), 5 postalveolar (rear part of the dental dam and a little behind), 6 prepalatal (front part of the hard palate), 7 palatal (hard palate), 8 velar (soft palate), 9 uvular (also postvelar; uvula), 10 pharyngeal (pharynx), 11 glottal (also laryngeal; vocal cords) , 12 epiglottal (epiglottis), 13 radical (tongue root), 14 posterodorsal (rear part of the tongue), 15 anterodorsal (front part of the tongue), 16 laminal (tongue leaf ), 17 apical (tongue tip) , 18 sublaminal (also subapical; underside the tongue)

literature

  • John Clark, Collin Yallop, Janet Fletcher: An Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology. 3rd edition. Blackwell Textbooks in Linguistics, Wiley-Blackwell, 2006.
  • T. Alan Hall: Phonology: An Introduction. De Gruyter Study Book, de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2000, ISBN 3-11-015641-5 .
  • Peter Ladefoged , Ian Maddieson: The Sounds of the World's Languages. Blackwell, Oxford 1996, ISBN 0-631-19814-8 .

Web links

Wiktionary: Dental  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Christian Ebert: Phonetics & Phonology. Articulatory Phonetics. (Hall, Chapters 1.1 - 1.5; Clark & ​​Yallop, Chapters 2 & 3) Bielefeld University. Faculty of Linguistics and Literary Studies. WS 2005/2006
  2. ^ Christian Ebert: Phonetics & Phonology. Articulatory Phonetics. Bielefeld University. Faculty of Linguistics and Literary Studies. WS 2005/2006 (Clark & ​​Yallop, Chapter 2 & 6)
  3. ^ Christian Ebert: Phonetics & Phonology. Articulatory Phonetics. (Hall, Chapters 1.1 - 1.5; Clark & ​​Yallop, Chapters 2 & 3) Exercises & Solutions, Bielefeld University. Faculty of Linguistics and Literary Studies. WS 2005/2006