Voiced dental implosive

IPA mark	ɗ
IPA number	162
IPA character description	Latin lower case d with hook
Unicode	U + 0257
HTML (dec.)	& # 599;
X-SAMPA	d_<
Kirshenbaum	d`
Audio sample ? / i []

The voiced dental implosive is a voiced , with the tongue and teeth ( dental spoken) plosive , which (with inwardly directed air flow implosive is spoken). He is the equivalent of the implosive [⁠ d ⁠] . Its symbol in the IPA phonetic transcription is [ɗ] .

distribution

It occurs in several African languages, e.g. B. Hausa and Bantu languages such as Swahili and Chishona . The "European" d , which occurs here by no means only in European loanwords, is written as d ' in Hausa and as dh in Chishona

pronunciation

The negative pressure required for implosion is created by starting the articulation with the larynx closed.

Articulation aid:

First hum the corresponding nasal sound: "nnn"

Then insert the larynx closure ("bə ' ˀ aʁbaitən") that is usual for the German vowel sound : "nˀnˀn"

Then add a vowel: "ˀna:"

Then replace the nasal sound with the plosive sound: "ˀda:"

Now you can avoid exhaling and come to the "ɗa:"

Non-pulmonary consonants		bilabial	labio- dental	dental	alveolar	alveolar-lateral	alveolo- palatal	post- alveolar	retroflex	palatal	velar	uvular
Clicks		​ʘ​		​ǀ​	​ǃ​	​ǁ​		​ǂ​	​ǃ˞​
Implosive		​ɓ​			​ɗ​					​ʄ​	​ɠ​	​ʛ​
Ejectives	Ejective plosives	​pʼ​		​t̪ʼ​	​tʼ​				​ʈʼ​	​cʼ​	​k '​	​qʼ​
	Ejective fricatives	​ɸʼ​	​fʼ​	​θʼ​	​sʼ​	​ɬʼ​	​ɕʼ​	​ʃʼ​	​ʂʼ​	​çʼ​	​xʼ​	​χʼ​
	Ejective Affricates			​t͡θʼ​	​t͡sʼ​	​t͡ɬʼ​	​t͡ɕʼ​	​t͡ʃʼ​	​ʈ͡ʂʼ​	​c͡çʼ​	​k͡xʼ​	​q͡χʼ​