Tropical spastic paraparesis
| Classification according to ICD-10 | |
|---|---|
| G04.1 | Human T-cell lymphotropic virus-associated myelopathy |
| ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019) | |
The tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) , or HTLV-associated myelopathy (HAM) is determined by the Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) caused. It is similar to multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis , in which HTLV-1 cannot be detected.
distribution
In Germany, tropical spastic paraparesis is almost non-existent. 6000 HTLV-1 infected people are accepted throughout Western Europe. However, only a small proportion of those infected with HTLV-1 (estimated at around 1%) will become ill during their lifetime.
The main areas of distribution of HTLV-1 and associated diseases are South Japan , South and Central America and Africa, from where the infection may have spread during colonial times.
Infection mode
The mode of infection corresponds to that of infection with HIV , the causative agent of AIDS . Double infections are particularly common in intravenous drug addicts.
Symptoms
The symptoms correspond to those of other neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis. The delimitation of neurolues, a neurological form of syphilis , must also be done by searching for the pathogen.
treatment
Treatment is symptom-oriented. In Japan, the effect of green tea on the amount of virus in the blood of HTLV-I infected people was measured. The idea was that a high virus titer in the blood could be dangerous for the onset of the disease. It showed that tea powder in capsules, which corresponded to the amount of 10 cups of green tea, lowered the virus titer in some cases.
research
The HTLV-1-related diseases have not been known for a long time, so the knowledge of the better known bovine leukemia virus BLV is used to understand the disease . However, BLV does not cause T-cell, but B-cell leukemia. Little is known about neurological problems because animals have to be culled in Europe when the disease is manifest. In the case of animal diseases, epidemic hygiene comes before treatment.
Research results on the mouse mammary tumor virus MMTV can also be used. Because although this virus has no oncogene , the early stages of infection of the retroviruses have been very well studied here, especially the function of the superantigen , which is important for the development of a successful infection.
literature
- J. Casseb, AC Penalva-de-Oliveira: The pathogenesis of tropical spastic paraparesis / human T-cell leukemia type I-associated myelopathy. In: Braz J Med Biol Res. 2000; 33, pp. 1395-1401. Review. PMID 11105090
- CR Bangham: HTLV-1 infections. In: J Clin Pathol . 2000; 53, pp. 581-586. Review. PMID 11002759
Individual evidence
- ↑ Alphabetical directory for the ICD-10-WHO version 2019, volume 3. German Institute for Medical Documentation and Information (DIMDI), Cologne, 2019, p. 573
- ↑ J. Sonoda et al: HTLV-1 provirus load in peripheral blood lymphocytes of HTLV-1 carriers is diminished by green tea drinking. In: Cancer Sci. 2004 Jul; 95 (7), pp. 596-601. PMID 15245597
