Typics
In the liturgy, the term Typika originally meant a mainly monastic form of communion celebrations on days when no Eucharist was celebrated. Your home is Palestine. It is to be distinguished from the “ liturgy of pre-consecrated gifts ”, which developed in cathedral services. With the Horologion , the Typika entered the Byzantine Rite of the Hours as independent divine services .
In Constantinople monasteries , the typica were finally combined with the celebration of mass in a split and transformed form . One part (Ps 102, 145 and Beatitudes) took the place of the older antiphons (Ps 91, 92 and 94) in the first part of the liturgy, the second part (Ps 33 (34), Antidoron, Apolysis) became the Celebration inserted. The antidoron replaces the original communion of the Typika , because of course communion was already donated during the celebration of mass.
literature
- Juan Mateos: La célébration de la Parole dans la Liturgie byzantine (Orientalia Christiana Analecta 191). Pont. Institutum Studiorum Orientalium, Roma 1971, pp. 68-71.
- Robert F. Taft: Home Communion in the Late Antique East . In: Clare V. Johnson (ed.), Ars Liturgiae. Worship: Aesthetics and Practice. Essays in Honor of Nathan D. Mitchell . LTP, Chicago 2003, 1-25, esp. 9-13; ders .: Cathedral vs. Monastic Liturgy in the Christian East . In: Bollettino della Badia Greca di Grottaferrata III. s. 2 (2005) 173-219, esp. 212-216.
- Stefanos Alexopoulos: The Presanctified Liturgy in the Byzantine Rite . Leuven 2009, 80-90.
- Ioannes Michael Hanssens: Institutiones liturgicae de ritibus orientalibus tom. III. Univ. Gregoriana, Romae 1932, 556f no. 1460-1462.