Uppsala model
The Uppsala model is a theory that describes how companies gradually increase their internationalization activities. It is similar to the POM model by Reijo Luostarinen (1979).
The Uppsala model distinguishes between a temporal and spatial pattern. The temporal pattern describes that companies first gain experience in their home market and then start exporting . If this step is successful, the establishment of foreign representations and possibly the relocation of production abroad follows. The local pattern describes that companies first venture into markets that are physically (geographically) closest to them. Only then do markets that are culturally or geographically distant follow.
See also
- Internationalization of companies
Individual evidence
- ^ Edward Elgar: Learning in the Internationalization Process of Firms , Johanson & Wiedersheim-Paul (1975), Johanson & Vahlne (1977) 2003, ISBN 1840646624 , p. 261, p. 293 (accessed March 21, 2009).
- ^ Edward Elgar: Learning in the Internationalization Process of Firms , Luostarinen (1979) 2003, ISBN 1840646624 , p. 261, p. 293 (accessed March 21, 2009).
- ^ Edward Elgar: Learning in the Internationalization Process of Firms 2003, ISBN 1840646624 , p. 261, p. 293 (accessed on March 21, 2009).