Vacuum lifter

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Vacuum lifters or suction lifters are devices for lifting loads / objects with smooth surfaces using negative pressure.

Small vacuum lifting device for loads up to approx. 50 kg

A suction lifter , also a suction gripper , vacuum lifter or vacuum lifting device, is used to grasp objects with a smooth surface with the aid of negative pressure or vacuum . The operating principle corresponds to a powerful suction cup , the negative pressure of which, however, is safely maintained by a vacuum pump even on surfaces that are not perfectly smooth .

Fastened to a crane system , the suction lifter or vacuum lifter is used to quickly grasp the load that can be lifted by the crane. A classic application for suction lifters is the transport of glass panes , wooden panels and steel panels , for example .

In small devices, the negative pressure is generated according to the simple principle of the water jet pump, whereby compressed air is usually used as the medium and energy source instead of water .

Another variant are energy-independent vacuum lifters , also called self-priming or self-priming vacuum lifters. Here the load or the load weight is used to generate the vacuum.

In the case of hand-held devices, the vacuum can be created by pressing it, as with a suction cup , or by turning a lever.

The lifting force results from the product of the area and the pressure difference between the vacuum and the surrounding air. With an air pressure of 1000 hPa and an ideal vacuum, an area of ​​10 by 10 cm results in a force of 1000 N corresponding to the weight of approx. 100 kg. This is the upper limit, the actual lifting forces that can be achieved will be lower.

Special lifting systems with a large area are used to transport large and heavy goods. Here the negative pressure is generated with the help of a vacuum pump so that even heavy concrete or steel parts can be lifted.

  • The vacuum pump is switched on

  • The concrete part sticks and is lifted off

  • The concrete wall is placed on the low loader.

  • Vacuum lifting device for laying large format panels

  • Vacuum lifter for lifting and removing panels without having to reach under them

literature

  • Heinrich Martin: Practical knowledge of material flow planning. Friedrich Vieweg & Sohn Verlagsgesellschaft, Wiesbaden 1999, ISBN 978-3-322-96886-9 .
  • Martin Scheffler, Klaus Feyrer, Karl Matthias: conveyors. Hoists, elevators, industrial trucks. Vieweg, Braunschweig et al. 1998, ISBN 3-528-06626-1 .
  • Michael ten Hompel, Thorsten Schmidt, Johannes Dregger: Material flow systems. Conveyor and storage technology, Springer Verlag, Berlin / Heidelberg 2018, ISBN 978-3-662-56180-5 .

Web links

Commons : Vacuum Lifter  - Collection of Pictures, Videos and Audio Files