Valven

This article explains the tepals of fruits of the plant genus dock; for further meanings of the term valve, see Valve .

Clearly calloused blades of the Krausen dock ( Rumex crispus )

In the plant genus Ampfer ( Rumex ), valves are the three inner tepals that remain on the fruit and envelop it. The knotty-hard, cartilage-like thickenings are called calluses .

Valves are also the flaps of scattered fruits that open when the fruits are ripe. Even with anthers that open by folding, it is called Valven. The opening lips or flaps of the woody fruit capsules of the Allocasuarina and Anemopsis are also known as valves.