Glazing (component)

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As a rule, glazing is the closure of an opening provided for this purpose using flat glass elements . In a broader sense, glazing can also mean any covering, cladding or facing of a surface or an object with glass .

In addition to weather protection and often translucency and transparency ( transparency ), certain requirements can be placed on glazing in terms of stability, appearance, heat , sun and burglary protection as well as special surface properties.

Glazing is typically a component of windows , facade elements, special structures such as winter gardens and greenhouses , as well as vehicle bodies (as windshields , side and rear windows).

Glazing variants

Since it was difficult to manufacture larger, flat glass surfaces at the beginning of glass production, the established standard for a long time consisted of slug and lattice windows with single glazing. In the course of the energy crisis of the 1970s, double-glazed double-glazed windows began to gain acceptance . The further development with an improved insulation standard was called thermal insulation glazing , whereby it was initially still a question of double-glazed window panes, which are now increasingly being replaced by triple-glazing.

Double glazing

When it comes to glazing, there are two important factors that must be distinguished: the U-value and the G-value . The U-value indicates the heat transfer coefficient. If this is low, the window is optimally insulated against outside temperatures. The Energy Saving Ordinance EnEV states that the U-value of a window must not exceed 1.3 W / (m²K). The G-value is the percentage of the energy transmittance, i.e. the proportion of energy that gets into the interior of the building and z. B. contributes to heating the rooms through solar radiation. This value does not always have to be particularly high, as it depends on the living situation and the side of the building. The U-value and the G-value still have to be coordinated.

Triple glazing

The triple glazing is an extension of the double glazing. While double glazing has a G-value of around 0.63 (63%) and allows light to pass through 80%, the value for triple glazing is 0.51 (51%) and is therefore only 72% translucent. Triple glazing has a U-value of 0.7 W / (m²K) according to DIN EN 673. They are therefore more energy-efficient thanks to their low U-value. This glazing already offers better soundproofing and is ideal for inhabited rooms, offices and hospitals.

Glazing with functions

Glazing can take on a wide variety of functions. Thermal insulation is basically to be seen as the basis. You can also use safety glass, fire protection, noise protection or sun protection glass. These then add functions to the thermal insulation according to their name. Laminated safety glass (coll .: also bulletproof glass), e.g. B. withstands destruction or break-ins, it can be prepared in different variations. As active safety protection (so-called alarm glass) it can even trigger an alarm at the police if there is a break through thin current-carrying cables. As a passive toughened safety glass, it protects against injuries by breaking the glass into pieces without sharp edges. This is z. B. used in sports. As the name suggests, fire-resistant glass is fire-resistant glazing. Soundproof glass reduces noise pollution, solar control glass protects the room from overheating without impairing the incidence of light. In addition to windows, facades or French doors, stairs, balcony floors, ships and much more can also be glazed.

Smart Windows are a new technology. These can be used like tablets or televisions, have internet access and are not visible from the outside. Further glazing functions are insulating glass, soundproof glass, toughened safety glass, laminated safety glass, burglar-resistant glazing, patterned glass, structured glass, chinchilla glass, satined glass, heat-insulating glass, sun protection glass , bird protection glass , fire protection glass , TRAV glazing, self-cleaning glass.

Types of glazing

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Information "Energy parameters of windows and external doors", Association of Windows and Facades
  2. ↑ Miedtank, R. (1986). Fire protection glass. Stuttgart: IRB-Verl.
  3. ^ Wagner, A., & FIZ Karlsruhe, BINE Information Service, Bonn. (2013). Energy-efficient windows and glazing. (BINE-Fachbuch.) Stuttgart: Fraunhofer IRB Verlag.
  4. ↑ Weller, B. (2010). Glass construction practice: construction and dimensioning; Vertical and overhead glazing, anti-fall glazing, accessible glazing, calculation aids. Berlin: building.
  5. ↑ Walk-on glazing - the highlight of modernity ,