Vilama caldera

The Vilama-Caldera is a caldera in the south of Bolivia in the border region to Argentina and Chile .

The caldera is located in the Andes at an altitude of 4,000 meters and is approximately 35 × 15 km in size. It was formed around 8.4 million years ago during a massive volcanic eruption of maximum strength 8 on the volcanic explosion index ( super volcano ). It is estimated that around 2,000 cubic kilometers of material were emitted, which is almost the same as the Yellowstone eruption 2.1 million years ago and the Toba eruption 74,000 years ago.

In this area, where the South American plate and the Nazca plate collide, other calderas (Cerro Guacha, Coruto, Pastos Grandes, Capina) are suspected, but research is only just beginning.

Coordinates: 22 ° 25 ′ 48 ″  S , 67 ° 0 ′ 0 ″  W.