Root neck gall tumor

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Root neck gall tumors are produced by the soil bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens in dicotyledonous plants. In addition to chromosomal DNA, these bacteria also have so-called Ti plasmids (tumor inducing plasmid) with which they can smuggle DNA segments into plant cells. The infected plant cells then form a tumor (the biliary tumor) and begin synthesizing special amino acids that the bacterium needs to grow.

The ability of agrobacteria is used in genetic engineering for the genetic transformation of plants. Ti plasmids are isolated from the bacterium and used as so-called vectors to introduce the desired DNA into the plant cell. The desired DNA is introduced into the plasmid with the aid of restriction enzymes and ligase . The plasmid can then be introduced either via a bacterium or directly into the plant cell.

literature

  • Eden FC, Farrand SK, Powell JS, Bendich AJ, Chilton MD, Nester EW, Gordon MP .: Attempts to detect deoxyribonucleic acid from Agrobacterium tumefaciens and bacteriophage PS8 in crown gall tumors by complementary ribonucleic acid-deoxyribonucleic acid-filter hybridization, J Bacteriol . 1974 Aug; 119 (2): 547-53.
  • Chilton MD, Drummond MH, Merio DJ, Sciaky D, Montoya AL, Gordon MP, Nester EW .: Stable incorporation of plasmid DNA into higher plant cells: the molecular basis of crown gall tumorigenesis, Cell. 1977 Jun; 11 (2): 263-71