XYZ analysis
The XYZ analysis is a method of materials management in business administration . In the method, results of parts list resolutions or results based on determinations of variation or fluctuation coefficients of goods and articles are assigned to a classification with regard to their regularity of sales (consumption and its predictability). This is mostly done on the basis of past consumption trends.
description
Articles that are sold very regularly and in fairly constant quantities (e.g. energy-saving lamps ) are referred to as X articles, while the Z class includes articles that are sold very irregularly or even stochastically (e.g. Spare parts ). Sometimes the XYZ analysis is also referred to as RSU analysis , with R for regular, S for seasonal / trend-shaped and U for irregular.
In summary, the classes are designed as follows:
- X
- constant consumption, fluctuations are rather rare
- Y
- greater fluctuations in consumption, mostly for trend or seasonal reasons
- Z
- completely irregular consumption
The XYZ analysis is used in material requirement planning , but also in the planning of warehousing and in the calculation . It is often combined with the ABC analysis . This combination is also known as ABC / XYZ analysis .
Definitions
The xyz criterion is determined based on the consumption behavior of the corresponding article. The material movement tables from the ERP system are often used as the database for the calculation (example SAP: table MSEG and table MKPF). The material postings are written to these system tables. Usually the goods issues (recognizable by the type of movement) are used for the xyz analysis. The observation period should be at least one year.
The xyz criterion is calculated using the mean value of consumption and its standard deviation . The resulting quotient is called the coefficient of variation .
The following values of the coefficient of variation (VK) are often used to determine the xyz limits:
- x parts
- VK = 0 to 25%
- y-parts
- VK ≥ 25% to 50%
- z-parts
- VK ≥ 50%
Points of view
There are two ways of making a qualitative statement about consumption behavior:
- The withdrawal behavior over the time axis
- The fluctuation behavior of the withdrawal quantities per booking / process
In the case of withdrawal behavior over the time axis, the number of booking days per month is counted and the fluctuations over the observation period are evaluated according to the definition above.
In the case of withdrawal behavior, the assessment is made with regard to the adherence to the quantity.
Example:
- x – x: the material is regularly used in constant quantities.
- x – z: the material is regularly used in strongly fluctuating quantities.
Comments and sources of error
Depending on the industry, the xyz limits may have to be adjusted.
Since the evaluation is based on a material movement table, the database must be examined in advance for "booking rituals" (see individual records). A typical booking ritual would be postponed or bundled booking (e.g. collecting material documents over the week and debiting them on a specific day). This falsifies the consumption and misinterprets the result of the evaluation.
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg: xyz analysis . Retrieved June 18, 2010.
- ↑ Chair for Materials Handling, Material Flow, Logistics (fml), Technical University of Munich: xyz analysis ( memento from November 1, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Retrieved on June 18, 2010.
- ^ T&O: Structure in Materials Management. Accessed on June 18, 2010.