YORP effect

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Yarkovsky-O'Keefe-Radzievskii-Paddack effect , also called the YORP effect for short , is a gradual change in the state of rotation of small bodies (e.g. of asteroids ) under the influence of solar radiation.

description

Like the Jarkowski effect , the YORP effect arises from the fact that thermal radiation is given off spatially anisotropically , which creates a small torque . As a result, the spatial position of the axis of rotation can change, but the existing rotational movement can also be slowed down or accelerated.

The YORP effect was detected in 2013/14 on the asteroids (54509) YORP and (1862) Apollo by teams led by Stephen Lowry (Queens University in Belfast) and Mikko Kaasalainen (University of Helsinki). The asteroid P / 2013 R3 was rotated so fast by the YORP effect that it disintegrated due to the centrifugal forces.

The term YORP effect was introduced in 2000 by David P. Rubincam after preliminary work by Iwan O. Jarkowski (transcribed as Yarkovsky in English), John A. O'Keefe , Wladimir W. Radsijewski (Radzievskii) and Stephen J. Paddack .

literature

  • PA Taylor, JL Margot, D. Vokrouhlický, DJ Scheeres, P. Pravec, SC Lowry, A. Fitzsimmons, MC Nolan, SJ Ostro, LAM Benner: The Increasing Spin Rate of Asteroid (54509) 2000 PH5: A Result of the YORP Effect . In: 38th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVIII), held March 12-16, 2007 in League City, Texas. LPI Contribution No. 1338 . 2007, p. 2229 , doi : 10.1126 / science.1139038 ( preprint-PDF ).
  • SC Lowry, A. Fitzsimmons, P. Pravec, D. Vokrouhlicky, H. Boehnhardt, PA Taylor, JL Margot, A. Galad, M. Irwin, J. Irwin: Direct Detection of the Asteroidal YORP Effect . In: 38th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVIII), held March 12-16, 2007 in League City, Texas. LPI Contribution No. 1338 . 2007, p. 2438 , doi : 10.1126 / science.1139040 ( preprint-PDF ).
  • Mikko Kaasalainen, Josef Durech, Brian D. Warner, Yurij N. Krugly, Ninel M. Gaftonyuk: Acceleration of the rotation of asteroid 1862 Apollo by radiation torques . In: Nature . tape 446 , no. 7134 , 2007, p. 420-422 , doi : 10.1038 / nature05614 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Isabell Prophet: Decay in space: Sunlight tears apart asteroids. In: Spiegel Online. March 7, 2014, accessed March 3, 2017 .
  2. ↑ Thomas Bührke: Potatoes in space. In: Berliner Zeitung . March 8, 2007, accessed September 4, 2015 .