Yiquan
Yiquan ( Chinese 意拳 , Pinyin Yìquán , W.-G. I Ch'üan , also Dachengchuan ), is a Chinese internal martial art ( Chinese 內 家 拳 , Pinyin Nèijiāquán , short neijia ), which was developed by Wang Xiangzhai (1885–1963, also known under the names Nibao , Zhenghe , Yuseng ). Due to its health-promoting effect, Yiquan can also be practiced for health care and is therefore also of great importance as a Qigong system.
history
Wang Xiangzhai was a reformer of traditional Chinese martial arts, which he increasingly criticized radically. He had learned Xingyiquan from Guo Yunshen and also got to know the method of Zhanzhuang , which forms the basis of the later Yiquan. Wang was against practicing shapes and instead emphasized the principles of martial arts, particularly the use of yi , the imagination. Yiquan means something like "mind boxing". His students later suggested the name "Da Zheng Quan", something like "Martial art of great perfection", but he later came back to the name Yiquan, as the emphasis on Yi seemed to be of central importance to him. Yiquan is very direct and relies on the intuitive implementation of the practiced principles in the combat situation instead of practiced standardized techniques.
practice
The training can be divided into seven parts:
- Zhanzhuang
- The practice of Zhanzhuang (also "standing column", "standing meditation", "standing like a tree") forms the basis and is equally important for beginners and advanced learners. In numerous apparently static postures, various directions and qualities of force are exercised with the imagination, mental impulses are sent to the muscles, the body structure is optimized, the body is made into a unit, and body perception is trained and refined. This practice is particularly effective for health care and rehabilitation and has been described as the most important single qigong method. Zhanzhuang also plays a role in other martial arts such as Baguazhang or Taijiquan .
- Shili
- Shili is Zhanzhuang in motion, i.e. H. with a greater amplitude of motion. Different combinations of the six directions of force (open / close, forwards / backwards, up / down) are practiced while maintaining the optimal body structure.
- Mocabu
- Mocabu or "rub step" is the basic step technique in Yiquan. The name is derived from the movement when rubbing ink in calligraphy . Mocabu is, so to speak, Shili for the legs and, in addition to the step technique, also develops the sensitivity and perception of the feet and legs. Mocabu is also combined with shili.
- Fali
- Fali means "explosive power". From relaxation, explosive power is released in combat.
- Shisheng
- In Shisheng, breathing and internal structure are trained by producing sounds.
- Tuishou
- Tuishou means "pushing hands" and is also known as "pushing hands". This is a partner exercise in which the attempt is made to find “gaps” in the partner while maintaining their own structure and stability, and to destabilize and control them.
- Sanshou
- Sanshou is the free application of the Yiquan principles in free combat.