Quote word
A quotation word is a word that comes from another language and is used like a quote in the receiving language - therefore a kind of foreign word . The term is understood in two ways in linguistics:
Meaning of the word
On the one hand, the question of the existence of a quotation word is determined by a content-related (semantic) criterion: If an object from a foreign culture has to be named, one often adopts the corresponding designation, which is then only used for precisely this object.
Examples:
- Queen means the British Queen and is not transferable to any other monarch;
- Siesta refers to the break during the midday heat in Spain and has no exact equivalent in the way of life in Germany.
Polenz (1967, 1979) gives further examples for this case: College , Geisha , Kolkhoz , Komsomolze and Lord .
Degree of adaptation to the receiving language
Another criterion is that of integration into the receiving language as a word that is not or only very slightly integrated into the system of the receiving language.
Examples:
- signifié (French) is a common term in linguistics for the meaning of the linguistic sign; the word often appears in technical German texts without any adaptation to the German language system;
- vulgo (Latin for "everywhere, general") is used in German-language texts with exactly this meaning.
Polenz (1967, 1979) gives further examples for this case: formaliter , pro forma and the English formalities (difficulties).
See also
literature
- Alan Kirkness: On the lexicology and lexicography of the foreign word. In: Peter Braun (Ed.): Foreign word discussion . Fink, Munich 1979, pp. 74-89; Quote p. 87. ISBN 3-7705-1637-0 . Quotation word according to the criterion of adaptation.
- Peter von Polenz : Foreign word and loan word viewed from a linguistic perspective. In: Peter Braun (Ed.): Foreign word discussion. Fink, Munich 1979, pp. 9-31; on the synchronous understanding of "foreign words" p. 22f. ISBN 3-7705-1637-0 . (First published in the magazine Mutterssprache 77, 1967, pp. 65–80.) The article presents both forms of quotation word , but only describes this term. He is then mentioned by later authors with reference to Polenz.
- Astrid Stedje: German language yesterday and today. Introduction to language history and linguistics. Fink, Munich 1989, p. 23, footnote. ISBN 3-7705-2514-0 . Quotation word according to the meaning criterion .
