Two-process model of sleep regulation

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The two-process model of sleep regulation (also: Borbély's two-process model ) tries to model the rhythms that are involved in sleep regulation . The model was published by Borbély in 1982 and by Borbély and Wirz-Jusice in 1987.

The diagram shows the two-process model of sleep regulation. The homeostatic factor S indicates the need for sleep (red). If you get too little or not enough sleep in one night, this will continue to rise. This factor breaks down again during sleep. The rhythmic factor C indicates the optimal period in which to sleep (at night).

According to this model, two factors are effective: First, the homeostatic factor S and the rhythmic factor C . Factor S indicates the need for sleep or the readiness for deep sleep, it builds up during the waking period and decreases again during sleep. C, on the other hand, specifies the optimal period in which to sleep (at night). Thus, C corresponds to the internal clock or the rhythm generator with a circadian period of approximately 24 hours. This process is also related to body temperature . According to Borbély, C can also be seen as a wake-up threshold. The model was later extended to include a parallel sleep threshold.

The factor S ultimately reflects more of a hypothetical construct . In deep sleep , however, the activity of the delta waves increases with prolonged wakefulness. It is now assumed that the substances L-tryptophan , serotonin , prostaglandin D2 and various other substances could be considered to be correlates of factor S.

These two processes do not run independently of each other, but influence each other. This means that sleeping / waking behavior can vary greatly depending on the environmental conditions.

Current research is debating whether the circadian system does not control the need for sleep, but instead controls wakefulness.

See also

Serge Daan

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jürgen Margraf, Silvia Schneider: Textbook of behavior therapy: Volume 2: Disorders in adulthood - Special indications - Glossary . Springer Science & Business Media, 2008, ISBN 978-3-540-79542-1 , p. 195 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  2. ↑ Niels Birbaumer, Robert F. Schmidt: Biological Psychology . Springer-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-662-06097-1 , pp. 558 ( google.de ).
  3. ↑ Tom Bschor: Treatment manual therapy-resistant depression: pharmacotherapy - somatic therapy methods - psychotherapy . W. Kohlhammer Verlag, 2008, ISBN 978-3-17-019465-6 , pp. 284 ( google.de ).
  4. ^ A b Jürgen Margraf, Silvia Schneider: Textbook of behavior therapy: Volume 2: Disorders in adulthood - Special indications - Glossary . Springer Science & Business Media, 2008, ISBN 978-3-540-79542-1 , p. 196 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  5. ^ A b Hans Hippius, Eckart Rüther, Max Schmauß: sleep-wake functions . Springer-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-642-72923-2 , pp. 3 ( google.de ).
  6. ↑ Joachim Röschke, Klaus Mann: Sleep and sleep disorders . CH Beck, 1998, ISBN 978-3-406-41889-1 , pp. 59 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  7. ↑ Zulley, J., & Hajak, G. (2005). Basic knowledge of sleep. Behavioral Therapy, 15 (4), 212-218. doi : 10.1159 / 000089184 .
  8. ↑ Lavie, P. (2001). Sleep-wake as a biological rhythm. Annual Review Of Psychology, 52277-303, doi : 10.1146 / annurev.psych.52.1.277 .