Obrigheim Castle

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Obrigheim Castle
Creation time : 1000 to 1100
Castle type : Hill castle, moth
Conservation status: Burgstall, small remains
Standing position : Nobles, clerics, count palatine
Place: Obrigheim
Geographical location 49 ° 21 '9 "  N , 9 ° 5' 43.5"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 21 '9 "  N , 9 ° 5' 43.5"  E
Obrigheim Castle (Baden-Württemberg)
Obrigheim Castle

The castle Obrigheim was one of the middle on a hill Obrigheim am Neckar located hilltop castle site ( moth ). The complex, which was probably founded in the 11th century, was one of the oldest castles in the Neckar Valley. To distinguish them from Schloss Neuburg it is in the sources according to their position in the village as Mettelnburg or borg convey titled. In addition, the name old castle or lower castle appears in the documents. To castle complex also included the present-day Protestant Church of Peace, which probably made one in the front castle located castle chapel has developed.

history

Initially, the castle was owned by the noble family of the Lords of Obrigheim, which is documented from 1081. They had built the castle not far from a ford on which an important highway crossed the Neckar. In the middle of the 12th century the family distinguished itself through generous donations . The brothers Meginlach, Wolprand and Hermann von Obrigheim handed over the castle to the diocese of Worms in 1142 . Meginlach also donated the Lobenfeld monastery around 1145 . From the diocese of Worms, the complex was probably transferred to the Staufer together with the so-called Reichsland around Wimpfen . From 1222 a ministerial family with the name of Obrigheim can be traced, who belonged to the Hohenstaufen servants in the area of ​​the Kaiserpfalz Wimpfen .

In the course of the 14th century, the Count Palatine succeeded in acquiring the castle piece by piece. As early as 1329, the complex was mentioned in the Pavia house contract among the Palatinate castles. But the local nobility still owned shares in the complex at that time. In 1369, Count Palatine Ruprecht I was able to acquire Konrad von Obrigheim's share together with the village church. After the Rhineland Count Palatine apparently abandoned the Landsehr Castle they founded near Obrigheim towards the end of the 13th century in the middle of the 14th century, the old Obrigheim Castle was probably also the seat of the Palatinate Obrigheim Office.

In 1401, Count Palatine Ruprecht III. the castle together with the castle and town of Mosbach to the widow of the margrave of Baden , Mechtild von Sponheim. After the Palatinate division of the country, the pawns were redeemed by Count Palatine Otto I. von Mosbach, probably around 1413. In 1452 Count Palatine Otto I gave the castle to Volkmar von Wiltperg as a fief . He was followed in 1464 by his son Gunter von Wiltperg. In 1479 the castle was mentioned in a document of inheritance that regulated the relapse of the Palatinate-Mosbach to the Electoral Palatinate . In the Worms Synodal from 1496 , the church and castle are described as very dilapidated. It is also mentioned that an altar dedicated to St. George was part of the inventory of the castle. After 1496 no further documentary mentions are known.

Current condition

In the picture, the castle hill is on the right (north) behind the church tower of the Friedenskirche

Today only a mighty tower hill next to the Protestant village church bears witness to this once strategically important moth complex . At the entrance to the churchyard there are still small remains of a gate system , which was probably part of a gate tower .

literature

  • Eckhard Hofmann: The "Old Mountain" in Obrigheim . In: Unser Land , Heidelberg 1994, pp. 106–111.
  • Sebastian Parzer: The old castle in Obrigheim . In: Obrigheim yesterday and today . No. 14, 2004, pp. 14-17.