Georg Tessin

Georg Friedrich Ludwig Max August Tessin (born June 16, 1899 in Rostock ; † October 18, 1985 in Koblenz ) was a German military historian and archivist who did research on military matters in particular .

At the time of National Socialism , he worked primarily on Mecklenburg military history and regional peasant research. In research Georg Ticino is due to its support of Nazi in history Mecklenburg as "house and yard historian " of the local NSDAP - Gauleiter Friedrich Hildebrandt called.

From 1954 to 1964, Ticino worked as an archivist at the Federal Archives . During this time it was noticed that he was glossing over Nazi crimes. In his publications he excluded these crimes, even if the sources would have allowed them to be discussed. Nonetheless, his lists and publications on the German army units based on this archive work are regarded by military historians as a valuable resource.

Life

Origin, socialization and career up to 1933

Georg Tessin was the son of the secondary school teacher Georg Tessin and his wife Hermine, née Reinecke, who had attended the teachers' seminar in Wolfenbüttel and worked as an educator and teacher. His father was the son of a lease miller on the Steinhagen estate between Rostock and Wismar ; his mother came from a small farmer's background in the Magdeburg Börde . According to the unpublished memoirs of Ticino, which are in the state archive in Schwerin and have been evaluated by the historian and archivist Matthias Manke , Georg Ticino and his two younger brothers' favorite pastime as children was "the main thing [...] playing soldiers". Again and again in these memories one can recognize a close proximity to everything military since childhood. The Emperor's birthday , the Sedan day , the awarding of the name "Kaiser Wilhelm" to the Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment No. 90 or billeting due to maneuvers left formative impressions. Ticino experienced the grouping of children as particularly enriching, "who wanted to play this soldier game not only during the holidays, but also at home and at school".

Although Ticino could go sluggishly due crippled toes and repeatedly operated upon femur, he was by the military as a usable patterned . Having this in his hometown in 1917 High School had taken, he was called on his 18th birthday and took over as after basic training flight detector on First World War in part. After the war, he joined the German People's Party (DVP) with his father because, according to Ticino in his memories, it was enough for him to know how much leftists hoped that “the red tide would come” and he, like his father, “from [had] enough of this democracy ”. From 1919 to 1922 he first studied Latin, Greek and history at the University of Rostock and then switched from the two traditional language subjects to geography and economics. His focus in history was on lectures by Hermann Reincke-Bloch . During his studies, Ticino became a member of the Redaria Rostock fraternity in 1919 . At his request on January 6, 1920, its members registered with a local volunteer regiment that took part in the Kapp Putsch and was used from March 13, 1920 to secure the city ​​of Rostock, which was evacuated by the Reichswehr . 1922 Tessin was the thesis history Mecklenburg military affairs 1648-1718 doctorate . He had asked himself the topic with the consent of Reincke-Bloch, who, however, was unable to supervise the study until it was completed, so that it was completed by his successor, Hans Spangenberg .

After completing his doctorate, Ticino became a payroll clerk at Rostock's Neptun shipyard , the following year a statistician at DERUTA (German-Russian transport and storage company) in Hamburg ; he was soon appointed managing director of the travel services of this HAPAG subsidiary and took part in several trips to the Soviet Union himself . In 1926 he married his wife Vera. After DERUTA was dissolved, he became head of the HAPAG travel agency in Hamburg. From 1929 to 1932 he worked in the same position in Magdeburg . Since the office there was to be closed, he applied for admission to the preparatory service at the Prussian Institute for Archive Studies in Berlin-Dahlem . A letter of recommendation from his doctoral supervisor Hans Spangenberg to the general director of the Prussian archive administration contributed to the success of the application. Ticino concluded the preparatory service with a thesis on archives in Latin America .

time of the nationalsocialism

Entry into the party and hiring as archivist

In 1933 Ticino became archivist at the Schwerin Secret and Main Archive . At that time, according to Matthias Manke's investigation, he was already a member of the NSDAP . He had already joined the SA in the spring of 1932, while joining the party did not take place until later in 1932 due to a short-term admission ban.

The recruitment procedure was complicated: after Ticino had already worked in the secret and main archives for a month free of charge during the summer vacation of 1932, he applied for a position there for 1933. Since this archive council office was suggested by the Mecklenburg Ministry of Finance for savings and thus at least temporarily blocked, Ticino turned to the then Minister of Education and later State Minister Friedrich Scharf , who as a member of the Rostock fraternity Redaria was his "federal brother". Scharf instructed his advisor, Reinhold Lobedanz, to hire Ticino on May 2, 1933, initially without remuneration, with the formal status of having completed a half-year practice, which the Schwerin archive director Friedrich Stuhr assessed as "impossible for the member of one of the oldest authorities in the country" because Ticino is now "dependent on money from the employment office". It was not until November 1933 that he was given the provisional position of a second archivist with appropriate payment, and on March 21, 1934 he was promoted to the state archivist.

Farm research

In his memoirs, Ticino describes May 1, 1933 as his first day of work in the archive, on which he and his colleagues from the State Archives participated in the May rally “in SA uniform in rank and file”. As part of its archive work, Ticino primarily worked on Mecklenburg military history and regional farmer research. In his investigations he succeeded on the one hand in factually substantiating the previously taboo peasant laying by the knighthood with sources. On the other hand, this research had a clear thrust against the Mecklenburg large landowners.

In his historiographical publications advocated Ticino also the Nazism by emphasizing, "the damage of the past era was only the National Socialist state from a completely different conception of the individual and the whole of the people, out of an instinctive eye for connectedness of people and land through the Eliminate the Hereditary Court Act . [...] For the sake of the German people, the National Socialist state breaks up all resistance [...] The settlement continues. Mecklenburg is to become a farming country again, [...] but the German peasant marches as long as there is still a German people. ”In this sense, Ticino also published on peasant history topics in the“ Kampfblatt der NSDAP Mecklenburg ”, the Low German observer .

Commitment to Nazi historiography and World War II

In various lectures, around 1936 at the Mecklenburg History Association , Tessin praised Adolf Hitler . Only this succeeded in creating a powerful standing army “on a national and racial basis”, so that “Germany owes its army to the Führer and his loyalists and no one else.” Ticino was considered a confidante, a “house and court historian “ Of the Mecklenburg NSDAP Gauleiter Friedrich Hildebrandt , who ensured that Ticino and his wife were allocated a plot of land for development in a settlement for deserving National Socialists selected by the Gauleitung in 1935, which, however, legally remained in the assets of the NSDAP through a notice of conveyance .

Ticino repeatedly wrote texts on internal party events on behalf of and on behalf of the Gauleiter. Matthias Manke, for example, found Ticino's posthumous papers in the Schwerin state archives, whose manuscript Mecklenburgers built on the Reich . Under Hildebrandt's name, this text was published in an anthology in 1938 with the subtitle From a folder presented to the Führer on his birthday in 1937 by Gauleiter Friedrich Hildebrandt . In it, Tessin writes about Wilhelm Gustloff , who was born in Schwerin , as the national group leader of the NSDAP in Switzerland "exposed to the whole agitation of a Jewish newspaper pack" and "shot by the most bitter opponent, the Jew himself," during the 1936 assassination attempt by David Frankfurter : “For the first time the Jew himself shot, not a seduced German comrade. The World Jewry began the mask throw in the fight against the most determined enemy that will ever find it. "

After the beginning of the Second World War , Ticino returned to the air traffic control service, where he stayed until the end of the war, most recently as a captain ( Kr.O. ) in an air communication regiment in a radio measurement position. At the end of the war, he was briefly captured by the British in Hamburg, but was soon able to return to his family in Schwerin, whose house, like all the houses in the Gauamtsleitersiedlung, was confiscated by the Soviet occupying forces at the beginning of July 1945, so that the family was temporarily housed.

post war period

Release, imprisonment and (re-) employment

On August 22, 1945, the four archivists who had joined the NSDAP in 1932 and 1933, including Ticino, were dismissed “with immediate effect” by the 15 employees of the Schwerin main archive. Shortly afterwards he was arrested by the NKVD and imprisoned for three years mainly in the Neubrandenburg NKVD camp No. 9 Fünfeichen , whereby the German authorities assumed he was, according to a request from the State Office for Sequestration and Seizure to the City Council of Schwerin in August 1948, he was "transferred to Russia".

In 1948 Ticino was released from this special camp and fled via Berlin to Lübeck , his wife's home. After he finally lost the confiscated house in Schwerin in 1948 through formal expropriation, the family also took up residence there. Ticino was initially unemployed and then took a job as a farm worker. In 1949 he became a timetable officer at the Nordmark Tourist Association and soon afterwards head of the Schleswig Transport Office.

In 1954, Ticino returned to the archives service and was employed in the Göttingen archive warehouse , the Wolfenbüttel state archive and, finally, the 1955 Federal Military Archive . His position as archivist was primarily promoted by the director of the Federal Archives at the time, Georg Winter , who emphasized that Ticino, as the only archivist with a doctorate in military history, was made for the position. Ticino benefited from the fact that on November 29, 1948, in the course of its denazification, the Lübeck chamber of justice classified it as a “fellow traveler”. When he applied in Bonn in 1954 , he counted his early NSDAP membership against his three-year camp imprisonment in order to get a job at the Federal Archives.

Study of the law enforcement police and assessments

As a co-author of a study by the Federal Archives on the History of the Ordnungspolizei 1936–1945 , Ticino concealed the involvement of the Ordnungspolizei in the murder of the Jews in 1957, despite sources already available . On the one hand, he and his two co-authors Hans-Joachim Neufeldt and Jürgen Huck excluded the relevant documents from the Nuremberg Einsatzgruppen Trial , which proved that these police officers had been involved in thousands of murders. On the other hand, the investigation did not mention that the crimes of police regiments 12 and 15 had already been mentioned in the Nuremberg trial against the main war criminals, specifically their involvement in the murder of 26,000 Jews in Pinsk in 1942, where they killed 49 men, 97 in a village Had shot women and 23 children as alleged partisans . In the foreword of the study director writes Georg Winter that Lieutenant General of Police Adolf von Bomhard , who himself directed the use of the police battalions to the fall of 1942, the authors had come "many promotional Notes" and "has taken a significant share of this publication" as .

In his foreword, Winter characterizes the contributions by Hans-Joachim Neufeldt and Jürgen Huck on various aspects of the development, organization and the “fate of the files” of the Ordnungspolizei Main Office as elaborations, as they are used in a more concise form “to precede the finding aids on important holdings of the Federal Archives ". According to Winter, Ticino's contribution goes beyond that in its presentation of the organizational history of the Ordnungspolizei, which experienced “its most peculiar, historically most significant form” in World War II. Tessin himself explains in the introduction to his study that he addresses the organizational structures of the police units in World War II and how they were differentiated from the Waffen SS and the Wehrmacht . He emphasizes that his investigation is above all "for research into the National Socialist regime, especially the events in the areas occupied by Germany of general interest". He is the only one of the three authors to thank "Lieutenant General of the Ordnungspolizei aD Adolf Bomhard" for having "taken the trouble" to "look through the draft together with a number of senior officers of the Ordnungspolizei".

In the opinion of the later deputy head of the Federal Archives, Heinz Boberach , General von Bomhard “acted as an advisor to Ticino to prevent the crimes of the police battalions from being mentioned in the publication of the Federal Archives”. According to the historian Jürgen Matthäus , this study is “only useful for formal questions of organizational development”. The historian Peter Longerich also points out that Ticino completely ignored the role of the police in the murder of Jews, although its investigation is indispensable for an understanding of the organizational history.

According to Boberach, who as a young archivist in Ticino had assisted at the Federal Archives in Koblenz, it was not a coincidence, but “probably intentional” that in Ticino's study on the role of the police in the Second World War, contrary to the sources, their involvement in the murder of the Jews was concealed. Ticino was also occasionally "noticed by euphemistic statements about the Nazi rule". At the 75th German Archives Day in Stuttgart in 2005 , Boberach said that a young employee from the military archives had complained to him at the time that Ticino had denied her about the Holocaust . Boberach's work on the procurement of sources for the prosecution of Nazi crimes had Tessin commented to him: "If we come back to power, you will have to look for another job."

Contributions to historical auxiliary sciences at the Federal Archives and later work

At the Bundesarchiv-Militaryarchiv , established in 1955 , Ticino built a comprehensive documentation on the basis of the field post overview of German soldiers stored there for the period 1939–1945 and the lists of missing persons published by the tracing service of the German Red Cross , according to Brünn Meyer "to clarify the deployment areas of many smaller troops" German formations, associations and troops of the Second World War, which was published in 17 volumes from 1966 (two years after his retirement as State Archives Councilor) under the title Associations and Troops of the German Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS in World War II . In his study of the life and work of Georg Ticino, Matthias Manke judges that the information compiled by Ticino in his various volumes is relevant as auxiliary scientific data, because these "association lists [would] be regarded by military historians as a highly valued aid and, in this respect, work worthy of recognition".

In 1973 Ticino was awarded the Mecklenburg Culture Prize by the Mecklenburg Landsmannschaft . In retirement he began a presentation of the formation history of all European regiments of the Ancien Régime . Despite progressive blindness, he continued to work on it with the help of his wife and a secretary into old age.

Reception in festschrift for the 80th birthday

On Ticino's 80th birthday in 1979, the commemorative publication From a Thousand Years of Mecklenburg History was published , which the Mecklenburg Foundation dedicated to him because of his services to the state's history. The volume contains ten essays by historians and archivists, with Walther Hubatsch and Niklot Klüßendorf as the best-known authors, on topics of Mecklenburg's regional history.

In terms of content, however, these contributions do not deal with Ticino's research or its reception. Ticino is mentioned in passing in only three articles: once in Niklot Klüßendorf's essay on Carl Friedrich Evers , which contains a polite tribute to the jubilee “to whom the present Festschrift is dedicated” and who, albeit generations later, is a spiritual one Evers' colleague at the Schwerin archive; then in Otto Witte's presentation of historical studies at the University of Rostock, in which Ticino is named as one of the nine most famous students of Hans Spangenberg and his dissertation is named; finally in Dietrich Kausche's contribution to Mecklenburg archives , where it is emphasized that Ticino a. a. the collection of military items with which he was busy at the beginning of the war, indexed in the 1950s.

At the end of the volume, a complete bibliography of Ticino's writings compiled by Ticino's wife Vera and Carl Meltz is published. This contains 50 numbered titles, including the smaller essays, some of which are divided into further titles, including nine publications with the source In: NB , without mentioning the function of the abbreviated Low German observer as a combat sheet of the NSDAP Mecklenburg .

Publications (selection)

• The history of the Mecklenburg military system 1648–1718. Dissertation. University of Rostock 1922. [published in 1966 under the title] Mecklenburg Military in Turkish and French Wars. Böhlau, Cologne / Graz 1966.
• The Mecklenburg farmer, his history and his rights. In: Mecklenburg. Journal of the Heimatbund Mecklenburg. Vol. 29, 1934, pp. 65-70 and 97-103.
• Peasant laying in Mecklenburg. A contribution to the emergence of the agricultural labor class. In: Low German Observer. Battle sheet of the NSDAP Mecklenburg. Schwerin 1934, No. 105 a. 106.
• Knight and Farmer in Mecklenburg. The trend writing of the Hitler Youth von Gadow in the light of science. In: Low German Observer. Battle sheet of the NSDAP Mecklenburg. Schwerin 1935, no.248.
• Mecklenburg's soldiers 1648–1718. A contribution to the development of the standing army. In: Nachrichten aus dem Wehrkreis II. 1936 (May), pp. 46–48.
• Mecklenburg's soldiers 1718–1806. A contribution to the development of the standing army. In: News from the II Corps. 1937 (December), pp. 145-149.
• Mecklenburg farmers lists of the 15th and 16th centuries. Edited by the certificate commission of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology under the direction of Friedrich Stuhr. Bärensprung, Schwerin 1937 ff.

  Vol. 1: The Boizenburg Office. 1937.

  Vol. 2: The Bukow Office with the Poel region. 1938.

• The archival system of Ibero-America. In: Archival Journal. Vol. 45, December 1939, pp. 239-289.
• Value and size of Mecklenburg manors at the beginning of the Thirty Years War . In: Journal of Agricultural History and Agricultural Sociology . Vol. 3, 1955, No. 2, pp. 145-156.
• (Together with Hans-Joachim Neufeldt and Jürgen Huck) On the history of the Ordnungspolizei 1936–1945. (= Publications of the Federal Archives; 3). Federal Archives Koblenz 1957 (including Part II: The staffs and troop units of the Ordnungspolizei ).
• Formation history of the Wehrmacht 1933–1939. Staffs and units of the army and the air force (= publications of the Federal Archives; 7). Boldt, Boppard am Rhein 1959.
  • (Expanded to) German troops and units 1919–1939. Biblio, Osnabrück 1974, ISBN 3-7648-1000-9 .
• The German regiments of the Swedish Crown 1645–1718. 2 vols. Böhlau, Cologne - Graz 1965 and 1967.
• Associations and troops of the German Wehrmacht and Waffen SS in World War II. 17 vols. Biblio, Bissendorf 1966 ff., ISBN 3-7648-0941-8 .
• The regiments of the European states in the ancien régime des XVI. to XVIII. Century. 3 vols. Biblio, Osnabrück 1986, 1993 and 1995, ISBN 3-7648-1763-1 .

literature

• Heinz Boberach : archivist between files and topicality. Books on Demand, Norderstedt 2004, ISBN 3-8334-0607-0 .
• Matthias Manke : From the court historian of the Gauleiter to the federal military archivist - the archivist Georg Tessin in the Schwerin State Archives and in the Koblenz Federal Archives. In: The German Archives and National Socialism. 75th German Archives Day 2005 in Stuttgart. Editor: Robert Kretzschmar in connection with Astrid M. Eckert, Heiner Schmitt, Dieter Speck and Klaus Wisotzky. Edited by the Association of German Archivists . Klartext Verlag, Essen 2007, ISBN 978-3-89861-703-1 , pp. 281-312.
• Brün Meyer: Georg Tessin died. [Obituary]. In: The archivist . Year 39, 1986, issue 3, columns 403–406. ( Full text )
• Helge bei der Wieden (ed.): From a thousand years of Mecklenburg history. Festschrift for Georg Tessin on the completion of his 80th year of life (= writings on Mecklenburg history, culture and regional studies, issue 4). Böhlau, Cologne a. a. 1979, ISBN 3-412-03179-8 .

Web links

• Literature by and about Georg Tessin in the catalog of the German National Library
• Literature about Georg Tessin in the state bibliography MV
• Works by Georg Tessin in the state bibliography MV

Remarks

1. ↑ Matthias Manke: From the court historian of the Gauleiter to the federal military archivist - the archivist Georg Tessin in the Schwerin State Archives and in the Koblenz Federal Archives . In: The German Archives and National Socialism. 75th German Archives Day 2005 in Stuttgart. Editor: Robert Kretzschmar in connection with Astrid M. Eckert, Heiner Schmitt, Dieter Speck and Klaus Wisotzky. Edited by the Association of German Archivists. Klartext Verlag, Essen 2007, pp. 281-312, here pp. 284f. Ticino's memoirs were written after his retirement in 1964; from this the two quotations.
2. ^ Matthias Manke: From the court historian of the Gauleiter to the federal military archivist - The archivist Georg Tessin in the Schwerin State Archives and in the Koblenz Federal Archives , p. 285.
3. ^ Matthias Manke: From the court historian of the Gauleiter to the federal military archivist - The archivist Georg Tessin in the Schwerin State Archives and in the Koblenz Federal Archives , p. 286f.
4. ^ Matthias Manke: From the court historian of the Gauleiter to the federal military archivist - The archivist Georg Tessin in the Schwerin State Archives and in the Koblenz Federal Archives , pp. 285–288.
5. ↑ Matthias Manke: From the court historian of the Gauleiter to the federal military archivist - The archivist Georg Tessin in the Schwerin State Archives and in the Koblenz Federal Archives , p. 290.
6. ^ Brün Meyer: Georg Tessin died. [Obituary]. In: The archivist. Year 39, 1986, issue 3, columns 403–406, here column 405; based on the thesis Georg Tessin: The Archives of Ibero-America . In: Archival Journal. Vol. 45, December 1939, pp. 239-289.
7. ^ Matthias Manke: From the court historian of the Gauleiter to the federal military archivist - The archivist Georg Tessin in the Schwerin State Archives and in the Koblenz Federal Archives , p. 290 f.
8. ^ Matthias Manke: From the court historian of the Gauleiter to the federal military archivist - The archivist Georg Tessin in the Schwerin State Archives and in the Koblenz Federal Archives , p. 292f.
9. ^ Matthias Manke: From the court historian of the Gauleiter to the federal military archivist - The archivist Georg Tessin in the Schwerin State Archives and in the Koblenz Federal Archives , p. 295.
10. ^ Bernd Kasten: Politics and State History in Mecklenburg 1918–1945 . In: Thomas Stamm-Huhlmann, Jürgen Elvert, Birgit Aschmann, Jens Hohensee (eds.): History pictures . Festschrift for Michael Salewski on his 65th birthday . Franz Steiner, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 978-3-515-08252-5 , pp. 443-451, here p. 445.
11. ^ Georg Tessin: The Mecklenburg farmer, its history and its right . In: Mecklenburg 29 (1934), p. 103. Quoted from Matthias Manke: From the court historian of the Gauleiter to the federal military archivist - The archivist Georg Tessin in the Schwerin State Archives and in the Koblenz Federal Archives , p. 296.
12. ^ Georg Tessin: Farming in Mecklenburg. A contribution to the emergence of the agricultural labor class . In: Low German Observer. Battle sheet of the NSDAP Mecklenburg . Schwerin 1934 No. 105 a. 106, furthermore Georg Tessin knight and farmer in Mecklenburg. The trend writing of the Hitler Youth von Gadow in the light of science . In: Low German Observer. Schwerin 1935, no.248.
13. ↑ Matthias Manke: From the court historian of the Gauleiter to the federal military archivist - The archivist Georg Tessin in the Schwerin State Archives and in the Koblenz Federal Archives , p. 296.
14. ^ Matthias Manke: From the court historian of the Gauleiter to the federal military archivist - The archivist Georg Tessin in the Schwerin State Archives and in the Koblenz Federal Archives , p. 284.
15. ^ Matthias Manke: From the court historian of the Gauleiter to the federal military archivist - The archivist Georg Tessin in the Schwerin State Archives and in the Koblenz Federal Archives , p. 301f.
16. ^ Matthias Manke: From the court historian of the Gauleiter to the federal military archivist - The archivist Georg Tessin in the Schwerin State Archives and in the Koblenz Federal Archives , p. 302f.
17. ↑ Mecklenburgers build on the Reich. From a folder presented to the Führer on his birthday in 1937 by Gauleiter Friedrich Hildebrandt. In: Richard Crull (Ed.): Mecklenburg. Becoming and being of a Gaus . Velhagen & Klasing, Bielefeld u. Leipzig 1938, p. 406–410, here p. 410. Matthias Manke: From court historian of the Gauleiter to military archivist of the federal government - The archivist Georg Tessin in the state archive in Schwerin and in the federal archive in Koblenz , p. 300, note 81, points out, that in this anthology published by the Gauamtsleiter there are also contributions from Ticino signed by name, in detail: The Mecklenburg as a Soldier (p. 83-88), The Becoming of the Mecklenburg State (p. 89-93), Mecklenburgische Schiffahrt und Schiffbau (p. 163–171) and together with Carl August Endler Mecklenburg in times of war (pp. 74–82).
18. ^ Matthias Manke: From the court historian of the Gauleiter to the federal military archivist - The archivist Georg Tessin in the Schwerin State Archives and in the Koblenz Federal Archives , p. 305; Brün Meyer: Georg Tessin died. [Obituary]. In: The archivist. Year 39, 1986, issue 3, columns 403–406, here column 405, writes about “Flucht zur Familie nach Schwerin”.
19. ^ Matthias Manke: From the court historian of the Gauleiter to the federal military archivist - The archivist Georg Tessin in the Schwerin State Archives and in the Koblenz Federal Archives , p. 282 (quotation) and P. 305.
20. ^ Matthias Manke: From the court historian of the Gauleiter to the federal military archivist - The archivist Georg Tessin in the Schwerin State Archives and in the Koblenz Federal Archives , p. 305.
21. ^ Matthias Manke: From the court historian of the Gauleiter to the federal military archivist - The archivist Georg Tessin in the Schwerin State Archives and in the Koblenz Federal Archives , p. 305f.
22. ^ Brün Meyer: Georg Tessin died. [Obituary]. In: The archivist. Year 39, 1986, issue 3, columns 403–406, here column 405 u. Sp. 406.
23. ↑ Matthias Manke: From the court historian of the Gauleiter to the federal military archivist - The archivist Georg Tessin in the Schwerin State Archives and in the Koblenz Federal Archives , p. 308 (there note 121 on the date of the decision of the Chamber).
24. ^ Heinz Boberach: The participation of the Federal Archives in the persecution and reparation of National Socialist injustice in the sixties . In: Klaus Oldenhage / Hermann Schreyer / Wolfram Werner (ed.): Archive and history. Festschrift for Friedrick P. Kahlenberg . Droste, Düsseldorf 2000, pp. 264-274, here pp. 264 f. The study by Hans-Joachim Neufeldt, Jürgen Huck, Georg Tessin: On the history of the Ordnungspolizei 1936–1945 (= writings of the Federal Archives 3). Koblenz 1957, contains the following articles in detail: Part 1: Hans-Joachim Neufeldt: Development and Organization of the Main Office Ordnungspolizei , pp. 5–118 and Jürgen Huck: Alternative points and file fate of the Main Office Ordnungspolizei in World War II , pp. 119–144. Part II (with new page numbering): Georg Tessin: The staff and troop units of the Ordnungspolizei , pp. 3–109. The articles are preceded by a foreword by the archive director Georg Winter on pages III – VI; the quotation on the role of Bomhard on p. VI.
25. ↑ Georg Winter: Foreword . In: Hans-Joachim Neufeldt, Jürgen Huck, Georg Tessin: On the history of the Ordnungspolizei 1936–1945 , Koblenz 1957, p. IV.
26. ^ Georg Tessin: The staffs and troop units of the Ordnungspolizei . In: Hans-Joachim Neufeldt, Jürgen Huck, Georg Tessin: On the history of the Ordnungspolizei 1936–1945 , Koblenz 1957, Part II, pp. 5–109, here pp. 5–7.
27. ↑ Heinz Boberach: archivist between files and topicality . Norderstedt 2004, pp. 97f.
28. ↑ Jürgen Matthäus: On the front line. Requirements for the participation of the police in the Shoah . In: Gerhard Paul (ed.): The perpetrators of the Shoah . Fanatic National Socialists or just normal Germans? Wallstein, Göttingen 2002, ISBN 3-89244-503-6 , p. 159
29. ^ Peter Longerich: Holocaust. The Nazi Persecution and Murder of the Jews. University Press, Oxford 2010, ISBN 978-0-19-280436-5 , p. 496, note 37.
30. ↑ Heinz Boberach: archivist between files and topicality . Norderstedt 2004, p. 17.
31. ↑ Panel discussion. Archives and archivists under National Socialism . Edited by Robert Kretschmar. In: The German Archives and National Socialism. 75th German Archives Day 2005 in Stuttgart. Editor: Robert Kretzschmar in connection with Astrid M. Eckert, Heiner Schmitt, Dieter Speck and Klaus Wisotzky. Edited by the Association of German Archivists. Klartext Verlag, Essen 2007, pp. 486–513, here p. 492; see also Matthias Manke: From the court historian of the Gauleiter to the federal military archivist - the archivist Georg Tessin in the Schwerin State Archives and in the Koblenz Federal Archives. , P. 311.
32. ^ Brün Meyer: Georg Tessin died. [Obituary]. In: The archivist. Year 39, 1986, issue 3, columns 403–406, here column 406.
33. ^ Matthias Manke: From the court historian of the Gauleiter to the federal military archivist - The archivist Georg Tessin in the Schwerin State Archives and in the Koblenz Federal Archives , p. 310.
34. ^ Brün Meyer: Georg Tessin died. [Obituary]. In: The archivist. Year 39, 1986, issue 3, columns 403–406, here column 406.
35. ↑ Helge bei der Wieden (ed.): From a thousand years of Mecklenburg history. Festschrift for Georg Tessin on the completion of his 80th year of life Böhlau, Cologne a. a. 1979; including the following individual contributions: Wolfgang Laur: North Germanic place names on the Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania coast , pp. 1–15; Hildegard Thierfelder : Social history highlights of the Rostock Gotland trade , pp. 16–28; Bernhard Jähnig: Johannes Affelmann - an academic teacher of Lutheran orthodoxy in Rostock , pp. 29–66; Helge bei der Wieden: The Imperial Baltic Fleet 1627–1632 ; Pp. 67-96; Hans-Georg Kaack: Mecklenburg and Saxony-Lauenburg. Encounter and Confrontation in the 17th Century , pp. 97–128; Niklot Klüßendorf: Carl Friedrich Evers (1729–1803) , pp. 129–149: Walther Hubatsch: Der Freiherr vom Stein and Mecklenburg , pp. 150–159; Carl Metz: The Strelitz Succession from 1918 , pp. 160-174; Otto Witte: History in research and teaching at the University of Rostock from 1918–1933 ; Dietrich Kausche: Mecklenburg archive materials in Göttingen (now Koblenz) , pp. 197–205.
36. ↑ See the above-mentioned articles in the Festschrift / the anthology From a thousand years of Mecklenburg history. Festschrift for Georg Tessin on the completion of his 80th year of life . There on Ticino Niklot Klüßendorf, p. 149; Otto Witte, p. 189 and Dietrich Kausche, p. 201f.
37. ^ Vera Tessin and Carl Metz: Bibliography Georg Tessin . In: From a thousand years of Mecklenburg history. Festschrift for Georg Tessin on the completion of his 80th year of life , pp. 206–210. There are listed under No. 5, No. 6, No. 7, No. 13 (here four) No. 14 and No. 23 a total of nine contributions from Ticino for the Low German observer . The abbreviation NB is resolved in the list of abbreviations in the Festschrift (without page numbers after the table of contents) with Low German observer . See also the full title of this regional party sheet in the DNB entry: Low German Observer. Battle sheet of the NSDAP Mecklenburg . The titles of two of Ticino's NB contributions are also given in the list of publications for this article.

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