God's gift (Neuhardenberg)

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Storage of the former Vorwerk with remains of the track from the field railway

The village Gottesgabe is part of Altfriedland , a district of the Neuhardenberg community in the Märkisch-Oderland district , Brandenburg . Official business is carried out by the Neuhardenberg Office. In 2005 there were 75 inhabitants in God's gift.

God's gift was in 1304 by the Cistercian nuns of the monastery Friedland as Vorwerk bought for cattle and sheep. After the secularization of the monastery in the middle of the 16th century, it remained as property of the now domain estate Friedland. During the GDR era it was operated as an agricultural production cooperative (LPG). In 1990 agricultural use was discontinued. The few remaining and dilapidated buildings have since been partially restored.

geography

Transport links and the B 167 as an alleged emergency landing strip

Feldsteinstrasse in God's gift
White stork nest in the village

The small Angerdorf is passed by the federal highway 167 , which leads to the northwest via Metzdorf to Wriezen and to the southeast via Altfriedland to Neuhardenberg. In the village, branching off from the main road, the state road 34 begins , which connects God's gift to Neutrebbin via Neufriedland and Grube . In the west, the next town is Batzlow , to which there is no direct road connection. The bus Oderland  (BMO) binds the gift of God in the public transport of Seelow , Jahnsfelde to, Trebnitz, Neuhardenberg and Neutrebbin. The bus turning loop on the federal road was renewed in 2012. As part of the work was to traffic calming a new traffic island created. The total costs for these measures were around 170,000 euros.

The dead straight section of today's B 167 between Gottesgabe and Altfriedland served as an emergency landing strip for aircraft of the GDR government squadron (TG-44), which was stationed in Marxwalde (today Neuhardenberg). It is certain that the NVA moved in 1957 with a garrison and the Transport  Air Wing 44 (TG-44) on the outskirts of Marxwald. Since 1960, the 8th Fighter Wing of the LSK / LV was stationed at Neuhardenberg airfield .

Natural space

The place is on the western edge of the Oderbruch and at the northeast exit of the glacial Buckower Rinne (also: Löcknitz - Stobber Rinne ), which separates the plateaus of Barnim and Lebuser Land . This channel, around 30 kilometers long and two to six kilometers wide, drains from the low moor and headwaters area Rotes Luch via Stobberbach / Löcknitz to the southwest to the Spree and across the Stobber to the northeast to the Oder . To the east of Gottesgabe follow the European bird sanctuary Altfriedländer pond and lake area with the Klostersee , the central Kietzer See and the area where the Stobber flows into the Friedlander Strom , part of the Alte Oder . North of the village center is a small lake, from which a trench for Batzlower Mühlenfließ leads that the smaller lakes in the west lying Gottesgabe conservation area Büchnitztal-Batzlower-Mühlenfließ dewatered to Friedlander stream. The area is also designated as a Natura 2000 area ( FFH directive ) with 290 hectares . Embedded in the agricultural and field landscape typical of this part of the Oderbruch, the foothills of the Ringenwalder Heide join to the south / southwest with the approximately 48-meter-high Jahnberge with which the Barnim runs out to the Oderbruch. God's gift lies at a height of around 10, the following Klostersee to the east at around 5 meters above sea ​​level . The Revierförsterei Neuhardenberg is based in God's gift.

history

In May 1998 Altfriedland was incorporated into the Neuhardenberg community with its part of God's gift. Friedland was renamed for better differentiation in Altfriedland, the 19th century as the end of the 18th, beginning Neufriedland was founded as a colony Friedland.

First mentions and naming

While Altfriedland is mentioned in a document as early as 1271 as Vredeland ( pacified land ), the gift of God is recorded for the first time in 1305 under the name Godesgave . In the document of January 1, 1305, Margrave Hermann (co-regent of his cousin Otto IV. ) Confirmed the acquisition of the land to the Cistercian women of the Friedland monastery . Adolph Friedrich Riedel reproduced the document in the Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis (First Main Part, Volume XII) under the heading:

  • Margrave Hermann confirms possessions on the Stobber to Friedland Monastery, which the monastery acquired from Rochlitz during the Margrave's absence in Bohemia.

It says about the sale of Guntheri Henrici junioris de Rochlitz :

  • […] Et fua relicta hereditatem et feudum omnium bonorum fuorum vulgariter G o d e s g a v e nuncupatorum juxta fluuium Stobero sitorum cum pertinencijs ac prouentibus universis scilicet in agris cultis et incultis […] .

Gustav Abb gives 1304 as the year of purchase and names the purchase price for all Rochlitz properties listed in the document as 245  Mark Brandenburg silver . After the secularization of the monastery in the middle of the 16th century, a document from 1587 mentions a sheep in the gift of God . In 1861 a preliminary work is called God's gift . According to Reinhard E. Fischer , the name refers to properties that the monastery acquired in 1305 and which were apparently viewed as a gift from God.

Estate of the women's monastery

Former farm building
Old barn

The nuns of the monastery, founded around 1250, ran cattle and sheep as a gift from God - the oval seal of the convent depicted a lamb with a cross. In addition, they had so-called caveln (meadows divided by ditches) that possibly reached as far as Lake Kietz. A cavel was a stick with a carved house mark for raffle pieces of fields and meadows. How far the Nonnenwinkel Caveln reached is unclear, as there were several lakes, some of which have since disappeared, in the swampy area. The Oder originally flowed through the inland delta of the Oderbruch in meanders that shifted several times from east to west. The last major relocation of the course probably took place in the 13th century. Subsequently, several tributaries and flat, spacious lakes formed in the Niedere Bruch. These lakes comprised 154 hectares for the Kietzer See in 1751, immediately before the improvement of the Oderbruch, the Faulen See near Wriezen 92 hectares in 1751 and the Great Lake between Bliesdorf , Alttrebbin and Altwriezen 293 hectares. Only the Kietzer See remained during the Lazy Lake and the Great Lake silted up in the 18th century after the quarry was drained.

Vorwerk after the Reformation

In 1540 Elector Joachim II secularized the monastery and moved in the monastery property . In 1546, Joachim II pledged what was now the domain property to Balthasar von Beerfelde from the Beerfelde family and in 1564 he sold it to Field Marshal Joachim von Roebel, who expanded the monastery into a representative knight's seat in the Brandenburg region. The divine gift work remained part of the manor. In 1711 the domain property went to Margrave Albrecht Friedrich of Brandenburg-Sonnenburg , in 1731 to Margrave Carl Albrecht of Brandenburg-Sonnenburg and then to Charlotte Helene von Lestwitz , who became known as "Frau von Friedland". In 1848, Minister of State Count Heinrich August von Itzenplitz took over the property and bequeathed it to his daughter Countess Luise, who had been married to Karl von Oppen since 1867 (Countess Luise von Oppen, 1839-1901). Their descendants from the Oppen family continued to run the estate in the decades that followed.

In 1587 the Vorwerk had around 700 sheep and 60 cattle. Around 1700 the estate consisted of a Meierhaus (dairy farm), ox barn, barn, shepherd's house, sheepfold, granary, well and four gardens. At that time, too, the main source of income was sheep farming . Between 1792 and 1860 the Vorwerk was expanded to include seven residential buildings, 18 farm buildings and a distillery . In 1860 120 people lived here, around 1900 113 people. In 1880 the Vorwerk fell victim to a fire. Rebuilt, individual buildings such as cattle stables, the sheep farm and three barns burned down again in 1892 and 1900. To make it easier to bring in the harvest on the muddy soil, the Friedland lordship had a paved route laid with light rail tracks; the field track was usually drawn by horses. In addition, a turntable was created, which made it possible to change the direction of the carts with several branches . Remains of the track system and a turntable are still recognizable in God's gift. An elongated barn and several dilapidated farm buildings have been preserved from the Vorwerk. The damaged manor house was demolished after the war.

Land reform 1946 and solar park planning 2010

Today's farm

During the Second World War in God's gift of prisoners of war were forced laborers housed. In the course of the land reform , the Soviet military administration in the Soviet occupation zone (SBZ) in Altfriedland, including the Vorwerke, expropriated and divided 700 hectares of agricultural land. Of this, 272 hectares went to 36  resettled families . In the so-called "collectivization phase" of the GDR between 1952 and 1960 with the state-organized amalgamation of private companies to form large cooperative companies, two agricultural production cooperatives  (LPG) came into being, which merged in 1963 and looked after 1,300 hectares with 144 members. After the German reunification in 1990, the LPG was dissolved. The Vorwerk, which has not been managed since then, was partially modernized and restored in later years.

In June 2005 the remaining 75 inhabitants celebrated the 700th anniversary of the gift of God at the village pond. In July 2010, the solar park Gottesgabe Verwaltungs UG (limited liability) with its headquarters in Neuhardenberg was entered in the commercial register at the Frankfurt (Oder) local court . The company is planning a 144 hectare solar park with a photovoltaic system on the arable land northeast of Gottesgabe . The owner of the land, an agricultural enterprise, made initial agreements with the solar park company in 2010 to lease the land, which was considered to be of poor quality. Despite the associated interventions in nature and the environment, the municipal council agreed to the construction, especially because of the expected income from trade tax :

“After submitting the environmental report, it becomes apparent that the area is ecologically upgraded through the planting and greening. In addition to hedges, fruit trees are also planned as an offer for animals. The studies have shown that animals are not impaired in their habitat. A ground clearance of ten centimeters is ensured for small animals. "

- Märkische Oderzeitung, March 30, 2010.

As of 2012, the project has obviously failed.

literature

Web links

Commons : God's gift  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Werner Michalsky: God's gift . (PDF; 1.6 MB) In: Official news. Current information from the communities of Gusow-Platkow, Märkische Höhe and Neuhardenberg and their districts. Ed .: Amt Neuhardenberg. June 2005 edition, p. 1.
  2. ↑ Bus traffic Märkisch-Oderland.
  3. ↑ Marco Marschall: Wendeschleife and island under construction. In: Märkische Oderzeitung (MOZ), May 24, 2012.
  4. ↑ a b Jens Blankennagel: On-site meeting - God's gift. Nice, even without the Lord . In: Berliner Zeitung , January 24, 2009.
  5. ↑ Claus Dalchow, Joachim Kiesel: The Oder reaches into the Elbe region - tension and predetermined breaking points between two river regions (PDF; 2.9 MB). In: Brandenburg Geoscientific Contributions , Ed .: State Office for Mining, Geology and Raw Materials Brandenburg, Kleinmachnow Issue 1/2 2005, p. 81, ISSN  0947-1995 .
  6. ^ LAG Märkische Schweiz e. V .: Natural area Märkische Schweiz.
  7. ↑ 3350-302 Batzlower Mühlenfließ - Büchnitztal.  (FFH area) Profiles of the Natura 2000 areas. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation . Retrieved November 21, 2017.
  8. ↑ Brandenburg-Viewer, digital topographic maps 1: 10,000 (click on the menu)
  9. ↑ Office Heuhardenberg: Altfriedland .
  10. ↑ a b Reinhard E. Fischer : The place names of the states of Brandenburg and Berlin , Volume 13 of the Brandenburg Historical Studies on behalf of the Brandenburg Historical Commission, be.bra Wissenschaft verlag, Berlin-Brandenburg 2005, p. 67 ISBN 3-937233-30- X , ISSN  1860-2436 .
  11. ↑ Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis, first main part, Volume XII, Berlin 1857, p. 412 Turn over two pages to p. 414.
  12. ↑ Gustav Abb (Germania Sacra), p. 351.
  13. ↑ Gustav Abb (Germania Sacra), p. 353.
  14. ↑ Antje Jakupi: On the reconstruction of historical biodiversity from archival sources: The example of the Oderbruch (Brandenburg) in the 18th century (PDF; 10.6 MB). Dissertation to obtain the doctoral degree of the mathematical and natural science faculties of the Georg-August University in Göttingen . Göttingen 2007, p. 11.
  15. ↑ Uta Puls, p. 57.
  16. ↑ Uta Puls, pp. 52, 54.
  17. ^ Förderverein Klosterkirche Altfriedland eV, Kloster Altfriedland, History.
  18. ↑ Commercial register online: Solarpark Gottesgabe Verwaltungs UG (limited liability) ( Memento from January 25, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
  19. ↑ The solar park is intended to add ecological value to the field . In: Märkische Oderzeitung (MOZ), March 30, 2010.
  20. ↑ Silke Müller: From shopping center to energy transition. In: Märkische Oderzeitung (MOZ), March 13, 2012.

Coordinates: 52 ° 38 '  N , 14 ° 11'  E