Hagenbeck Zoo
| Hagenbeck Zoo, Hagenbeck Tropical Aquarium |
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| motto | Hagenbeck - Hamburg's animal original | |
| particularities | The only family-owned zoo in Germany | |
| place | Lokstedter Grenzstrasse 2 22527 Hamburg-Stellingen |
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| surface | 19 hectares | |
| opening | May 7, 1907 | |
| Animal species | 210 in the zoo 300 in the tropical aquarium |
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| Individuals | 1860 animals (zoo) (December 31, 2014) approx. 14,300 animals (tropical aquarium) |
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| Visitor numbers | 1,813,412 (2018) | |
| organization | ||
| management | Dirk Albrecht | |
| Sponsorship | Tierpark Hagenbeck GmbH | |
| Funding organizations | Association of Friends of Tierpark Hagenbeck e. V. Hagenbeck Foundation |
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| Member of | circa 25, including: WAZA , EAZA , VdZ |
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 "Africa panorama" with artificial rocks |
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| www.hagenbeck.de | ||
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Coordinates: 53 ° 35 ′ 47 " N , 9 ° 56 ′ 16" E
The Tierpark Hagenbeck (formerly Hagenbecks Tierpark ) is a zoo in Hamburg . The zoo in the Stellingen district is family-owned, as is the Hagenbeck Tropical Aquarium, which opened next to it in 2007 . He goes to the in 1863 by Carl Hagenbeck sen. founded Carl Hagenbeck's trade menagerie on Spielbudenplatz in the St. Pauli district , which was founded in 1866 by Carl Hagenbeck jun. to the new horse market . On May 7, 1907, Hagenbeck opened the world's first zoo without bars at its current location outside the city. The zoo is now part of the Hamburg district of Eimsbüttel and is usually only referred to as Hagenbeck in the vernacular and is sung about by Richard Germer with " Let's go to Hagenbeck ". The zoo is also the host and location of the NDR television series Leopard, Seebär & Co.
park
The park covers 25 hectares and offers a network of paths over six kilometers in length. In addition to many outdoor enclosures, there are many plants from all over the world to visit in the Hagenbeck Zoo.
The former main entrance to the zoo based on a design by the theater architect Moritz Lehmann was inaugurated in 1907 when the park opened. (Lehmann also worked on the design of the Berlin Zoological Garden in 1899. ) The animal figures at the gate were based on the models of the Düsseldorf sculptor Josef Pallenberg (* August 6, 1882 - June 26, 1946), who also created the templates for the dinosaurs Had created figures in the zoo. With the redesign of the park in 2003, the gate lost its function. It is listed as an architectural monument in the list of cultural monuments in Hamburg-Stellingen (object ID 19877).
The best known resident of the Hagenbeck Zoo was the walrus Antje , who died on July 17, 2003 at the age of 27. Before that, the walrus lady had been the NDR mascot for many years.
The Tierpark Hagenbeck can be reached by buses and the U2 underground line - it is at the Hagenbecks Tierpark stop .
Status and organization
The zoo, which is privately owned by the Hagenbeck family, is the only large zoo in Germany that does not require regular state aid. Dirk Albrecht has been running the zoo since April 1, 2020.
170 employees plus additional seasonal workers work in the zoo. The daily operating costs are € 41,000, including feed costs of € 2,000.
Since the income from the entrance fees of the average 6,000 visitors per day only covers the costs for ongoing operations, the Association of Friends of Hagenbeck Zoo was founded in 1998 to further support Hagenbeck . The Hagenbeck Zoo Foundation is also committed to providing support .
In 1997 the entire Hagenbeck zoo was entered in the list of monuments of the city of Hamburg.
history
The fish merchant Gottfried Hagenbeck (1810–1887) bought six seals from some Finkenwerder fishermen in 1848 and presented them on the Spielbudenplatz in Hamburg-St. Pauli to the public. The Hamburgers came in large numbers to see the animals. It was the beginning of a great story for the animal show .
In 1863 he opened a pet shop on Spielbudenplatz 19. In 1866 his eldest son Carl Hagenbeck (1844–1913) took over the business at the age of 21 and expanded it. It became the largest pet shop in the world. In 1874, he opened a larger shop at New Horse Market 13 and named it "Hagenbeck's Thierpark".
In 1875, Carl Hagenbeck saw a market with a Völkerschau , whereupon he himself organized many large Völkerschauen, including Eskimos , a Lapland family and Massais . Around 1900 Africans and Indians were shown in Völkerschauen in Hagenbeck's zoo, for which part of the park had its own backdrops. These national shows were extremely successful commercially. Disproportionate to this were the low remuneration of the portrayed, who were often recruited with false promises. Medical care was also poor: an Eskimos village community died of smallpox because they had forgotten to vaccinate them . Carl Hagenbeck was the first and financially most successful organizer of the human zoo.
In 1887 Carl Hagenbeck opened his first circus, in which trained lions were later shown. In 1896 he invented a zoo without bars. A patent has been applied for for this invention. For the first time, the animals could be shown in an almost species-appropriate environment.
This plan was implemented after years of construction in 1907 with the opening of the Hagenbeck zoo in Stellingen, then Prussian (from 1937/38 to Hamburg). The construction of a species-appropriate environment for the animals in the zoo has been taken over by many other zoos. Carl Hagenbeck's sons, Lorenz and Heinrich Hagenbeck , continued their father's work. From 1909 to 1913, the circular train in the Hagenbeck Zoo with the Borsig steam locomotive Drache carried around 100,000 passengers per year.
In 1916 Lorenz Hagenbeck founded the " Circus Carl Hagenbeck ", which toured large parts of the world. In 1928 the documentary At Carl Hagenbeck appeared in Stellingen by Vera-Filmwerke .
In 1937, the zoo was significantly expanded and redesigned under the direction of Heinrich Hagenbeck. In the same year one of the most modern elephant enclosures in the world was built to this day.
In 1943, about 70% of the park was destroyed by aerial bombs during Operation Gomorrah . Nine employees and numerous animals die. After the bombing raids in World War II , Indian elephants were also used by Hagenbeck to clear rubble and to rebuild the zoo and the city center. The zoo could only be rebuilt with large financial investments by the Hagenbeck family. It has been redesigned larger and with more space for the animals. In 1947 the British occupying forces had numerous animals shipped on compulsory loan for the London Zoo.
From 1953 the North German television station produced NWDR with Peter Kuhlemann as zoological moderator in the zoo - before the TV series A place for wild animals with Bernhard Grzimek - 31 episodes of the TV-Zooreihe What do we know already of animals - Geh'n Let's talk about Hagenbeck .
Special activities since the 1950s have been concerts, the children's festivals initiated by Emil Köhrmann and the Indian elephant festivals. The latter have been marketed as jungle nights since 1984 . The zoo is open late into the night, activities included fire-eaters, elephant rides, music and dance from different cultures, until the evening ends with the Bengali fireworks . A number of special exhibitions were also shown, such as Dinomation - The Dinosaurs Are Back in the winter of 1992/93 , the whales in the winter of 1993 and the elephant and man in the summer of 1995 . The romantic nights in the zoo followed.
In 1971 a dolphinarium was opened, showing dolphins ( bottlenose dolphins ), sea lions and, in the late 1970s, an orca . In June 1993 there were protests in front of the main gate against animal husbandry in zoos. Protests by animal rights activists , unprofitability and the death of the young bottlenose dolphin "Sindbad" during a performance in 1992 led to the dolphinarium being closed in 1995. It was demolished a year later.
The Sala am Birma-Teich is a gift from the Thai Honorary Consul General in Hamburg Wolfgang Krohn and was inaugurated in 2002 by Maha Chakri Sirindhorn .
In 2003, the main entrance to the Koppelstrasse close to was underground station Hagenbeck Zoo of metro line U2 relocated, a Nepalese Pagoda Temple stands at the entrance. The historical Art Nouveau gate will be preserved as a historical ensemble next to the bear enclosure.
In November 2006 the zoo opened a new elephant outdoor hall. In 2007, for the 100th anniversary of the Hagenbeck Zoo, the 8,000 square meter tropical aquarium was inaugurated. Both buildings are in close proximity to the new main entrance.
In May 2009 the Lindner Park Hotel Hagenbeck was opened as the world's first zoo themed hotel.
The new Arctic Ocean facility was opened in 2012 and is home to animals from the Arctic and Antarctic. It replaces the historic Eismeer facility, which was demolished in 2009 when construction began on the new facility.
Between November and December 2016, Hagenbeck was closed for the first time due to the pathogen of the avian flu virus H5N8 , which was detected in some geese (one short-billed goose and two Canada geese ). It was closed for three days.
Dinosaur sculpture based on the model by Josef Pallenberg
Mane jumpers in front of the artificial rock backdrop of the Africa panorama
On the zoo grounds; Sala
Pagoda next to the main entrance
Sculpture by Stephan Balkenhol in front of the entrance to the zoo
Enclosure
Elephant plant
Directly behind the entrance is the large outdoor area and the outdoor hall for the Asian elephants . The outdoor area can be divided into a herd area and a mother-child enclosure. There is also a bull enclosure that also serves as a wedding enclosure. Here the bull can hang out with his favorite girl undisturbed. The large herd area was built in 1937. In addition, there is a bull's kraal that cannot be viewed. The total area of all outdoor facilities is around 8,000 m².
Since November 2006, the zoo has had a 500 m² open-air hall, which looks like a temple ruin. The demarcation from the visitor is formed by a moat, which also serves as a bathing pool. In addition to the outdoor area, there is also a box area and a birthing stable, in which the elephant cow can give birth to her baby in the group. A total of 1,100 m² are available to the elephants in the house.
The cop house, which was the first to be built in Germany in 1980, is not visible. Gajendra, who was on loan from Hellabrunn Zoo, lived here from April 2013 to March 2017 .
The Arctic Ocean
The new Arctic Ocean is based on historical ground: with the opening of the zoo in 1907, the founder Carl Hagenbeck inaugurated the “Nordland Panorama” and for the first time presented an Arctic landscape with animals that were only separated from visitors by ditches. The Arctic Ocean panorama was badly damaged during the Second World War, and Hagenbeck was only able to restore parts of the facility later. Over the decades, weathering and wear and tear caused great damage to the artificial rocks. Small cosmetic repairs were no longer enough, so in 2009 Hagenbeck tore down the dilapidated historical complex and rebuilt it in accordance with the requirements of monument protection and modern standards.
The new Eismeer facility, costing 21 million euros, was opened on July 5, 2012. The energy concept includes rain and service water use, geothermal heat exchangers and solar generated electricity. A total area of more than 8,000 m² and innovative cooling and water technology ensure that the animal inhabitants find conditions that are close to nature. 1200 m² of water and 5300 m³ of water in various pools offer the animals plenty of space. You can observe diving polar bears , fur seals , walruses and penguins through large panoramic windows.
The Arctic Ocean is home to Germany's only breeding group of walrus. On June 15, 2014 the walrus baby Thor was born; his mother is Dyna and his father is Odin . It is the first walrus born in Germany. The female Loki , born on June 5, 2015, had a congenital deformity and died on August 21, 2017. Her parents were Polosa and Odin . She was the second walrus to be born in Germany after Thor . The third walrus, born in June 2018, died on August 31, 2018.
Various sea bird species live in the walk-in sea bird aviary, for which a special wave system has been developed. Antarctic penguins - gentoo penguins and king penguins - can not only swim in their new enclosure, they can also use their entire repertoire of natural movements by climbing, sliding and hopping. The use of cooling machines in this system ensures temperatures of 7 ° C all year round.
Other plants
- Asian steppe for camels and onagers
- Pavia rocks for Mantelpaviane
- Bear plateau directly in front of the historic entrance for Kamchatka bears
- Bird meadow for storks and cranes
- Bird house, built in 1907, for small birds
- Africa panorama and large bird pond, with facilities for brush-eared pigs and animals of the African steppe: warthogs , zebras and ostriches and the lion's canyon
- Giraffe system for Rothschild giraffes , ground hornbills , impalas and greater kudu
- Large rock with plants for Himalayan tiers , maned jumpers and red pandas
- Plant for Chinese leopards
- Plant for Amur tigers
- Orangutan house, associated with pygmy otters
- Plant for bison and before stored for prairie dogs and porcupines
- Plant for alpaca , rheas and capybaras
- Enclosure for lowland tapirs
- Plant for porcupines
- Elk deer enclosure
- Aviary for snow owls
Hagenbeck Tropical Aquarium
.JPG)
On the occasion of the zoo's centenary, the tropical aquarium opened in May 2007 as an independent attraction. After the troparium, which had existed in the park since 1959, was closed in 2005, work began on the new building next to the entrance to the zoo at the end of the same year. For 24 million euros, an 8,000 square meter building was built, which externally resembles a fortress and is divided into the thematic areas of tropical world, cave world, venomous snake village and underwater world. There are 14,300 exotic animals at home there.
Recalling Carl Hagenbeck's ideas, biotope systems such as those of the Klippschliefers were created, the design of which is based on natural habitats and accordingly includes several species. As with the zoo, moats and similar obstacles were used to allow visitors to see the facilities freely. The underwater world contains 29 fresh and seawater aquariums , the largest of which is filled with 1.8 million liters of water. A 14-meter-long and 6-meter-high, concave, curved acrylic panel provides a glimpse into the shark atoll.
In total, over 300 species, some of which are endangered, are shown in the tropical aquarium, including ring- tailed lemurs , snakes , sharks , rays , crocodiles , bats , lizards , frogs and spiders .
See also
Hamburg Zoological Garden (existed independently of Hagenbeck from 1863 to 1930 on the present-day site of Planten un Blomen )
literature
- Schümann's hamburger. The exotics of the city. The Hagenbecks. Klaus Schümann Verlag, Hamburg approx. 2007.
- Matthias Gretzschel and Ortwin Pelc : Hagenbeck. Animals, people, illusions. In: Hamburger Abendblatt. Axel Springer Verlag 1998, ISBN 3-921305-50-0 .
- Matthias Gretzschel, Klaus Gille, Michael Zapf (photos): Hagenbeck. A zoological paradise. Carl Hagenbeck GmbH, Hamburg 2007. ISBN 978-3-86108-873-8 .
- Nastasja Klothmann: Emotional worlds in the zoo. A story of emotions 1900–1945. Diss. Phil. Hamburg, Bielefeld 2015, ISBN 978-3-8376-3022-0 .
- Hamburg cultural authority. Monument Protection Office (Ed.): Carl Hagenbecks Tierpark. In: Hamburg Monument Preservation No. 15 1997.
- Günter HW Niemeyer: Hagenbeck. History and stories. Hans Christians Verlag, Hamburg 1972. ISBN 3-7672-0189-5 (with family tree of the male Hamburg Hagenbecks on the inside front).
- Eigel Wiese: The Hagenbeck Book. Historika Photoverlag, Hamburg 1995. ISBN 3-929307-15-4 (with family tree of the Hagenbeck family, p. 143).
Web links
- Official website of the Hagenbeck Zoo
- Hagenbeck Zoo, tour
- Early newspaper articles on the Hagenbeck Zoo in the 20th Century press kit of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .
- May 7, 1907: Carl Hagenbeck opens a zoo in Hamburg , SWR2 Zeitwort, May 7, 2008 Manuscript, RTF file
- From Tierra del Fuego and Nubians , geo .de
- Hagenbeck's zoo - highlights from the chronicle data on history in the Hamburger Abendblatt on May 5, 2007
Individual evidence
- ↑ Data & facts. Website of the Hagenbeck Zoo, accessed on July 29, 2020.
- ↑ Hagenbeck Hamburg Zoo and Tropical Aquarium. VdZ website, accessed on July 29, 2020.
- ^ Hagenbeck.de: History. August 2, 2016. Retrieved August 21, 2017 .
- ^ Carl Hagenbeck: From animals and people , Leipzig 1927
- ↑ "Historic main entrance" sign at the gate.
- ↑ The torn zoo. Hamburger Abendblatt, the magazine for the weekend, 8./9. August 2020.
- ↑ a b History - time travel with Hagenbeck , Tierpark Hagenbeck Gemeinnützige Gesellschaft mbH.
- ↑ List of monuments , Hamburg, Authority for Culture and Media, April 5, 2013, page 1869.
- ↑ a b Hagenbeck Zoo in Hamburg .
- ↑ Regina Kusch: The King of Animals: 100th anniversary of the death of the zoo director Carl Hagenbeck . In: Deutschlandradio Kultur . April 14, 2013
- ↑ Helene Heise: People in the game reserve. In: Der Spiegel. February 4, 2009, accessed August 3, 2020 .
- ↑ See English-language IMDb, Hans Thiel - In the television zoo “What do you know about animals” , https://www.imdb.com/title/tt6615490/?ref_=nm_flmg_wr_1 ; accessed on December 11, 2019.
- ↑ http://www.hagenbeck.de/tierpark/termine/dschungel-naechte-2017.html , last accessed: June 11, 2017
- ↑ Gretzchel, Matthias, Pelc, Ortwin: Hagenbeck Tiere, Menschen, Illusionen, Axel Springer Verlag, 1998, p. 129.
- ↑ Gretzchel, Matthias, Pelc, Ortwin: Hagenbeck Animals, People, Illusions, Axel Springer Verlag, 1998, p. 130.
- ↑ Gretzchel, Matthias, Pelc, Ortwin: Hagenbeck Tiere, Menschen, Illusionen, Axel Springer Verlag, 1998, p. 128
- ↑ kai by appending: protest against caging . In: The daily newspaper: taz . October 14, 1992, ISSN 0931-9085 , p. 17 ( taz.de [accessed on May 21, 2020]).
- ^ Hamburger Abendblatt: "Lindner Park-Hotel Hagenbeck opens today" (from May 6, 2009)
- ↑ From now on in the outdoor enclosure - the elephant Gajendra has arrived completely. Homepage of the Hagenbeck Zoo, accessed on July 24, 2014.
- ↑ Hellabrunn Zoo. Retrieved August 21, 2017 .
- ↑ Hagenbeck's new walrus lady
- ↑ A "weighty" sensation - Germany's first walrus baby is there. Message on the homepage of the Hagenbeck Zoo from July 2nd, 2014.
- ↑ Walrus Loki has died. Hagenbeck Zoo, August 22, 2017, accessed on August 23, 2017 .
- ↑ Walrus near Hagenbeck. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on June 10, 2015 ; accessed on August 21, 2017 .
- ↑ For the third time: Walrus birth near Hagenbeck. In: Shz.de . June 25, 2018, accessed September 1, 2018 .
- ↑ Walrus cub died. In: Kiel News . September 1, 2018, accessed September 1, 2018 .