Bakelite and Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Sciences: Difference between pages

Content deleted Content added

Inline

Revision as of 07:03, 13 October 2008

Sun Yat-Sen University of Medical Sciences

The former Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Sciences (SUMS) (中山医科大学) was located in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. It is government run university which originated from Boji Medical College (博济医学院), which was established in 1886. The Kung Yee Medical School and Hospital was merged into it in 1925. Dr. Sun Yat-sen once studied and worked in Boji.

This university is a national key medical university. In 2001, the university merged with Sun Yat-sen University and became one of the divisions in Sun Yat-sen University.

This article on a university, college or other tertiary educational institution in China is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+[[Image:Sun Yat-sen University.JPG|thumb|right|Sun Yat-Sen University of Medical Sciences]]
-{{Cleanup|date=February 2007}}
+The former '''Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Sciences (SUMS)''' (中山医科大学) was located in [[Guangzhou]], [[Guangdong]], [[China]]. It is government run university which originated from Boji Medical College (博济医学院), which was established in 1886. The [[Kung Yee Medical School and Hospital]] was merged into it in 1925. Dr. [[Sun Yat-sen]] once studied and worked in Boji.
-'''Bakelite''' ({{pronEng|ˈbеɪkɨlaɪt}}) is a material based on the [[thermosetting plastic|thermosetting]] [[phenol formaldehyde resin]] polyoxybenzylmethylenglycolanhydride, developed in 1907–1909 by [[Belgian]] Dr. [[Leo Baekeland]]. Formed by the reaction under heat and pressure of [[phenol]] (a toxic, colourless crystalline solid) and [[formaldehyde]] (a simple organic compound), generally with a [[wood flour]] filler, it was the first [[plastic]] made from synthetic components. It was used for its electrically [[nonconductor|nonconductive]] and heat-resistant properties in radio and telephone casings and electrical [[insulators]], and was also used in such diverse products as [[kitchenware]], [[jewellery]], pipe stems, and children's [[toy]]s. In 1993 Bakelite was designated an [[ACS National Historical Chemical Landmarks|ACS National Historical Chemical Landmark]] in recognition of its significance as the world's first synthetic plastic.<ref>[http://acswebcontent.acs.org/landmarks/newproducts_t.html#bakelite New Products<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
+This university is a national key medical university. In 2001, the university merged with [[Sun Yat-sen University]] and became one of the divisions in [[Sun Yat-sen University]].
-The retro appeal of old Bakelite products and labor intensive manufacturing has made them quite collectible in recent years.
+[[Category:Schools of medicine in China]]
-[[Bakelite AG]] (a German company) claims to own the trademark in the following countries: [[Argentina]], [[Australia]], [[Austria]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Belgium]], [[China]], [[Cuba]], [[Czech Republic]], [[Egypt]], [[France]], [[Germany]], [[Greece]], [[Hungary]], [[India]], [[Ireland]], [[Israel]], [[Italy]], [[Liechtenstein]], [[Luxembourg]], [[Republic of Macedonia]], [[Malaysia]], [[Morocco]], the [[Netherlands]], [[New Zealand]], [[Norway]], [[Pakistan]], [[Switzerland]], [[Singapore]], [[Slovakia]], [[South Africa]], [[Spain]], [[Sri Lanka]], [[Taiwan]], [[Thailand]], [[Tunisia]], and the [[United Kingdom]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bakelite.de/eng/DF_04.htm |title=Our reference - Protection of brands |publisher=[[Bakelite AG]] |date=[[June 18]], [[2007]]}}</ref>
+[[Category:Universities in Guangdong]]
+[[Category:Defunct universities and colleges in China]]
+{{China-university-stub}}
-==History==
-[[Image:Bakelit Struktur.png|thumb|right|300px|Structure of Bakelite]]
-Bakelite Corp. was formed in 1922 from the consolidation of three companies: General Bakelite Co., Condensite Corp., and Redmanol Chemical Products Company, an early plastics manufacturer formed in 1913 by Chemist L.H. Baekeland.  The American Catalin Corporation acquired the Bakelite formulas in 1927 and currently manufactures Bakelite cast resins.
+[[zh:中山医科大学]]
-Bakelite Limited was formed in 1926 from the amalgamation of three suppliers of phenol formaldehyde materials: the [[Damard Lacquer Company Limited]] of [[Birmingham]]; [[Mouldensite Limited]] of Darley Dale and Redmanol Chemical Products Company of [[London]]. Around 1928 a new factory opened in [[Tyseley]], Birmingham, England. (The building was demolished in 1998.) The company was acquired by the [[Union Carbide|Union Carbide and Carbon Corp]]oration in 1939.
-==Properties==
-[[Phenolics]] are seldom used in general consumer products today due to the cost and complexity of production and their brittle nature. An exception to the overall decline is the use in small precision-shaped components where their specific properties are required, such as moulded disc brake cylinders, saucepan handles, electrical plugs and switches and electrical iron parts. Today, Bakelite is manufactured and produced in the form of sheets, rods and tubes for hundreds of industrial applications in the electronics, power generation and aerospace industries, and under a variety of commercial brand names, including Garolite.
-[[Image:RotorBakelite.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Bakelite [[distributor]] rotor.]]
-Phenolic sheet is a hard, dense material made by applying heat and pressure to layers of paper or glass cloth impregnated with synthetic resin. These layers of laminations are usually of cellulose paper, cotton fabrics, synthetic yarn fabrics, glass fabrics or unwoven fabrics. When heat and pressure are applied to the layers, a chemical reaction (polymerization) transforms the layers into a high-pressure thermosetting industrial laminated plastic. When rubbed, original Bakelite has a telltale odor.
-Bakelite Phenolic is produced in dozens of commercial grades and with various additives to meet diverse mechanical, electrical and thermal requirements. Some common types include:
-*PAPER REINFORCED PHENOLIC NEMA XX per MIL-I-24768 PBG Normal electrical applications, moderate mechanical strength, continuous operating temperature of 250°F.
-*CANVAS REINFORCED PHENOLIC NEMA C per MIL-I-24768 TYPE FBM NEMA CE per MIL-I-24768 TYPE FBG Good mechanical and impact strength with continuous operating temperature of 250°F.
-*LINEN REINFORCED PHENOLIC NEMA L per MIL-I-24768 TYPE FBI NEMA LE per MIL-I-24768 TYPE FEI Good mechanical and electrical strength. Recommended for intricate high strength parts. Continuous operating temperature 250°F.
-*NYLON REINFORCED PHENOLIC NEMA N-1 per MIL-I-24768 TYPE NPG Superior electrical properties under humid conditions, fungus resistant, continuous operating temperature of 160°F.
-==Patents==
-* '''{{US patent|0942809}}'''—''Condensation product and method of making same''
-(After following the patent link, click on the "Images" button to view the patent.  You will need a [[Tagged Image File Format|TIFF]] (.tif) viewer to view the patent.)
-==Applications and usage==
-[[Image:Bakelite radio.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Bakelite radio at Bakelite museum.]]
-Although it is no longer extensively used as an industrial manufacturing material, in the past Bakelite was used in myriad applications, such as [[saxophone]] mouthpieces, [[Brownie (camera)|cameras]], [[Rickenbacker|solid-body electric guitars]], rotary-dial [[telephone]]s, early [[machine gun]]s,  and appliance casings. It was at one point considered for the manufacture of [[penny (U.S. coin)|coins]], due to a shortage of traditional manufacturing material. In 1943, Bakelite and other non-metal materials were tested for usage as a [[Cent (United States coin)|penny]] in the United States before the [[United States Mint|mint]] settled on [[1943 steel cent|zinc coated steel]].<ref>[http://uspatterns.com/p2073.html J2051/P2073] USPatterns.com. Accessed [[July 28]], [[2006]]</ref><ref>''[[The New Yorker]]''. [http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2008/03/31/080331fa_fact_owen Penny Dreadful]. David Owen. March 31, 2008.</ref>
-== See also ==
-*[[Ansco panda]]—children's Bakelite box camera
-*[[Bayko]]—A construction set toy in which most of the parts were made of Bakelite
-*[[Catalin]]
-*[[Novotext]]
-*[[Phenol formaldehyde resin]]
-*[[Phenolic resin]]
-== References ==
-<references/>
-==External links==
-*[http://www.bakelit.ch/index_eng.html Bakelite: JJ Zimmermann's Virtual Bakelite Museum] in [[Basel, Switzerland]]: one of the world's largest private collections can be visited in a special exhibition http://www.15squaredevergennes.com in Paris until August 2, 2008
-*[http://www.bakelitemuseum.de Bakelite: The Material of a Thousand Uses]
-*[http://juliensart.be/bakeliet Virtual Bakelite Museum of Ghent 1907-2007]
-[[Category:Companies based in Birmingham, England]]
-[[Category:Dielectrics]]
-[[Category:Phenolic resins]]
-[[Category:Thermosetting plastics]]
-[[ar:باكيليت]]
-[[ca:Baquelita]]
-[[cs:Bakelit]]
-[[da:Bakelit]]
-[[de:Bakelit]]
-[[es:Baquelita]]
-[[eo:Bakelito]]
-[[fr:Bakélite]]
-[[ko:베이클라이트]]
-[[it:Bachelite]]
-[[nl:Bakeliet]]
-[[ja:フェノール樹脂]]
-[[no:Bakelitt]]
-[[pl:Bakelit]]
-[[pt:Baquelite]]
-[[ru:Бакелит]]
-[[sk:Bakelit]]
-[[fi:Bakeliitti]]
-[[sv:Bakelit]]
-[[trBakalit]]
-[[uk:Бакеліт]]