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m Robot - Speedily moving category Aircraft piston engines 1910-1919 to Category:Aircraft piston engines 1910–1919 per CFDS.
 
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{{short description|1910s German piston aircraft engine}}
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{|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin
{|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin
|name=As II
|name=As II
|image=File:Argus As.II 120cv.jpg
|image=Argus As.II 120cv.jpg
|caption=Argus As.II artist drawing
|caption=Argus As.II artist drawing
}}{{Infobox Aircraft Engine
}}{{Infobox Aircraft Engine
Line 12: Line 13:
|}
|}


The '''Argus As II''' was a six-cylinder, in-line, water-cooled, aircraft engine produced in [[Germany]] by [[Argus Motoren]] in 1914.<ref name=3D>[http://sketchup.google.com/3dwarehouse/details?mid=754d51ec328d0b6327d50244f95f89cb 3DWarehouse: ''Argus As II'']</ref><ref name=Ruud>[http://www.ruudleeuw.com/dubendorf09.htm Ruudleeuv: ''Dubendor Air Force Center Museum'']</ref>
The '''Argus As II''' was a six-cylinder, in-line, water-cooled, aircraft engine produced in [[Germany]] by [[Argus Motoren]] in 1914.<ref name=3D>{{cite web|title=Argus As.II 120cv engine|url=https://3dwarehouse.sketchup.com/model.html?id=754d51ec328d0b6327d50244f95f89cb|publisher=Trimble 3D Warehouse|accessdate=9 July 2013}}</ref>
The Argus As II produced {{cvt|120|hp}} at 1,350&nbsp;rpm.<ref name="Argus1916">Der Argus Flugmotor, 1916</ref>


==Design and development==
== Applications ==
The Argus As II was a major redesign compared to the preceding [[Argus 140/150 hp|Argus 120/130 hp and Argus 140/150 hp]] six-cylinder engines.
* [[Halberstadt D.II]]<ref name=3D/>
Alongside many other changes, the major improvements were the introduction of newly designed steel cylinders and the completely redesigned crankcase, which now had an integrated oil pump and a completely modernized lubrication system.

The cylinders were machined from steel separately, with intake and exhaust ducts as well as cooling jackets welded in place in a separate step.<ref name="Argus1916"/>
While the steel cylinders were still combined to pairs, sharing the same cooling jacket, the change to steel cylinders was accompanied by a change in the design of the intake ducts and the pushrod arrangement.
Contrary to the old design, which had the two intake ducts conjoined into a single one, the new design had separate intake ducts for each cylinder.
This also necessitated a slight change in the valvetrain, with the two pushrods now placed separately to both sides of the intake duct, instead of both pushrods being placed at one side of the combined intake duct in the older design.
Also the number of mounting bolts for the cylinders has been increased, with each cylinder pair now being held to the crankcase by ten bolts.

Cast iron cylinders like in the previous engine design were also available, although in updated form to match the redesigned engine parts (i.e. separate intake ducts, new pushrod arrangement and increased number of crankcase mounting bolts).<ref name="Argus1916"/>

The intake manifold had been adapted to match the new arrangement of intake ducts on the cylinders.
Two [[Cudell|Cudell-G.A.-carburettors]] were placed centrally on the left side of the engine in close proximity to each other.
A heating jacket, integrated into the coolant circulation, enclosed both carburettors.
Each carburettor fed into one of the two separate intake manifold pipes, which fed three cylinders each.

The crankcase was made of aluminum and cast in separate upper and lower half parts, with the upper half having mounting arms cast into it.
The crankshaft was supported by two intermediate and two outer plain bearings, with additional thrust ball bearings at the propeller end.<ref name="Argus1916"/>
The propeller had an increased clearance to the first cylinder due to the conical nose of the crankcase at the propeller end necessary to hold the bearings.

Lubrication was forced, with a piston pump located mid engine at the bottom of the crankcase, collecting and recirculating the oil from the crankcase.
Small amounts of fresh oil were augmented by the piston pump automatically.<ref name="Argus1916"/>
The oil was fed to the main journals of the crankshaft, from where it was passed into the hollowed out crankshaft and then to the crankpins via drilled oil passages.
The oil also was further distributed to the connecting rods piston end via copper oil conduits.

The camshaft was driven from the crankshaft via an intermediate spur gear on the control end, and two additional vertical layshafts, both driven from the crankshaft via bevel gears, were used to drive the magnetos and the water- as well as the oil pump.
The centrifugal water pump, located on the lower end, was driven directly from the lower layshaft, while the oil pump was driven from the lower layshaft via bevel gears and an additional horizontal driveshaft and worm gear.
The upper layshaft provided the tachometer output and also was used to drive the two magnetos, which were mounted transversely and driven via separate bevel gears.

==Applications==
* [[Albatros B.II]]<ref name=3D/>
* [[Albatros B.II]]<ref name=3D/>
* [[Friedrichshafen FF.29]], Marine Number 290-296<ref>Herris. 2016, pp.&nbsp;29-33, 38&nbsp;(photo)</ref>
* [[Germania B.I]]<ref>Düsing. 2020, pp.&nbsp;27-34</ref>
* [[Häfeli DH-1]]<ref>[http://www.earlyaviator.com/br.challenge/challenge004.htm Early Aviator: ''Aeroplanes 1914-1918'']</ref>
* [[Häfeli DH-1]]<ref>[http://www.earlyaviator.com/br.challenge/challenge004.htm Early Aviator: ''Aeroplanes 1914-1918'']</ref>
* [[Häfeli DH-3]]<ref name=Ruud/>
* [[Häfeli DH-3]]
* [[Halberstadt D.II]]<ref name=3D/>
== Specifications ==
* [[Etrich Taube|Jeannin Stahltaube (1914)]]<ref name="Krzyzan1989">Krzyzan; Steinle. 1989, pp.&nbsp;2, 56-57, see picture and description of Jeannin-Stahltaube A.271/14</ref>

==Engines on display==
* An Argus As II is on display at the [[Flieger Flab Museum|Fliegermuseum in Duebendorf]], Switzerland.<ref>[http://www.wwi-models.org/Photos/Engines/OpelArgus/index.html Argus As II at Fliegermuseum Duebendorf]</ref>

==Specifications==
{{pistonspecs|
{{pistonspecs|
<!-- If you do not understand how to use this template, please ask at [[Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Aircraft]] -->
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|ref=''Huth''.<ref name="Huth1920">Huth, 1920, pp. 232-233</ref>
|ref=
|type=Six-cylinder, upright, inline, liquid-cooled piston engine
|type=Six-cylinder, upright, inline, liquid-cooled piston engine
|bore=130 mm
|bore={{cvt|130|mm|2}}
|stroke=130 mm
|stroke={{cvt|140|mm|2}}
|displacement=
|displacement={{cvt|11.1|L|cuin}}
|length=
|length=
|diameter=
|diameter=
|width=
|width=
|height=
|height=
|weight={{cvt|230|kg}}<ref name="Argus1916">Der Argus Flugmotor, 1916</ref>
|weight=
|valvetrain=Overhead-valve, two valves per cylinder, pushrod operated
|valvetrain=Overhead-valve, two valves per cylinder, pushrod operated
|supercharger=
|supercharger=
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|fueltype=
|fueltype=
|oilsystem=Pressure feed
|oilsystem=Pressure feed
|coolingsystem=
|coolingsystem=Liquid-cooled
|power=120 hp (89&nbsp;kW) at 1,350 rpm<ref name=3D/><ref name=Ruud/>
|power={{cvt|125.8|hp}} at 1,400&nbsp;rpm
|specpower=
|specpower=
|compression=
|compression=3.7
|fuelcon=
|fuelcon=
|specfuelcon=
|specfuelcon=
Line 49: Line 88:


|designer=
|designer=
|reduction_gear=
|reduction_gear=Direct drive


|general_other=
|general_other=
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<!-- For aircraft engine articles. Engines that are of similar to this design: -->
<!-- For aircraft engine articles. Engines that are of similar to this design: -->
|similar engines=
|similar engines=
*[[Mercedes D.II]]

<!-- See [[WP:Air/PC]] for more explanation of these fields. -->
<!-- See [[WP:Air/PC]] for more explanation of these fields. -->
}}
}}


== References ==
== References ==
=== Notes ===
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
=== Bibliography ===

*{{cite book
| last=Huth
| first=Fritz
| title=Motoren für Flugzeuge und Luftschiffe
| edition=3rd
| pages=232–233
| publisher=R. C. Schmidt & co.
| location=Berlin
| year=1920
| language=German
| url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/101817726
| oclc=2116726
}}

*{{cite book
|title=Der Argus Flugmotor
|year=1916
|url=http://www.muzeumlotnictwa.pl/digitalizacja_archiwaliow/katalog.php?cz=749
|accessdate=29 March 2013
|author=Argus Motoren-Gesellschaft m.b.H
}}

*{{cite book
|last1=Krzyzan
|first1=Marian
|last2=Steinle
|first2=Holger
|title=Die Jeannin-Stahltaube A.180/14
|publisher=Mittler
|location=Herford; Bonn
|year=1989
|pages=2, 56-57
|isbn=3-8132-0313-1
}}

*{{cite book
|last=Herris
|first=Jack
|title=Friedrichshafen Aircraft of WW1
|publisher=Aeronaut Books
|location=
|year=2016
|isbn=978-1-935881-35-3
}}

*{{cite book
|last=Düsing
|first=Michael
|title=Germania Flugzeugwerke and Its Aircraft
|publisher=Aeronaut Books
|location=
|year=2020
|isbn=978-1-935881-91-9
}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Argus As.II}}
* ETH-Bibliothek Zürich, Bildarchiv. [http://doi.org/10.3932/ethz-a-000031507 Argus As II prior to installation, Eidgenössische Konstruktionswerkstätte Thun], [http://viewer.e-pics.ethz.ch/ETHBIB.Bildarchiv/index2.php?id=ETHBIB.Bildarchiv_Ans_05035-014 viewer]
* ETH-Bibliothek Zürich, Bildarchiv. [http://doi.org/10.3932/ethz-a-000031639 Argus As II installed in aircraft, Eidgenössische Konstruktionswerkstätte Thun], [http://viewer.e-pics.ethz.ch/ETHBIB.Bildarchiv/index2.php?id=ETHBIB.Bildarchiv_Ans_05035-070 viewer]
* ETH-Bibliothek Zürich, Bildarchiv. [http://doi.org/10.3932/ethz-a-000033208 Argus As II, installed in Häfeli DH-1 (M I) No 243], [http://viewer.e-pics.ethz.ch/ETHBIB.Bildarchiv/index2.php?id=ETHBIB.Bildarchiv_Ans_05050-060 viewer]
* ETH-Bibliothek Zürich, Bildarchiv. [http://doi.org/10.3932/ethz-a-000021315 Argus As II, installed in Häfeli DH-3 (M III) No 530], [http://viewer.e-pics.ethz.ch/ETHBIB.Bildarchiv/index2.php?id=ETHBIB.Bildarchiv_Ans_03716-FL viewer]
* ETH-Bibliothek Zürich, Bildarchiv. [http://doi.org/10.3932/ethz-a-000031535 Argus As II, installed in a Wild WT aircraft], [http://viewer.e-pics.ethz.ch/ETHBIB.Bildarchiv/index2.php?id=ETHBIB.Bildarchiv_Ans_05035-026 viewer]


{{Argus aeroengines}}
{{Argus aeroengines}}
{{Aviation lists}}
{{aeroengine-specs}}
{{aeroengine-specs}}


[[Category:Aircraft piston engines 1910–1919]]
[[Category:Argus aircraft engines]]
[[Category:Argus aircraft engines]]
[[Category:1910s aircraft piston engines]]

[[fr:Argus As II]]
[[it:Argus As II]]

Latest revision as of 02:46, 10 December 2022

As II
Argus As.II artist drawing
Type Piston aircraft engine
Manufacturer Argus Motoren
First run 1914

The Argus As II was a six-cylinder, in-line, water-cooled, aircraft engine produced in Germany by Argus Motoren in 1914.[1] The Argus As II produced 120 hp (89 kW) at 1,350 rpm.[2]

Design and development[edit]

The Argus As II was a major redesign compared to the preceding Argus 120/130 hp and Argus 140/150 hp six-cylinder engines. Alongside many other changes, the major improvements were the introduction of newly designed steel cylinders and the completely redesigned crankcase, which now had an integrated oil pump and a completely modernized lubrication system.

The cylinders were machined from steel separately, with intake and exhaust ducts as well as cooling jackets welded in place in a separate step.[2] While the steel cylinders were still combined to pairs, sharing the same cooling jacket, the change to steel cylinders was accompanied by a change in the design of the intake ducts and the pushrod arrangement. Contrary to the old design, which had the two intake ducts conjoined into a single one, the new design had separate intake ducts for each cylinder. This also necessitated a slight change in the valvetrain, with the two pushrods now placed separately to both sides of the intake duct, instead of both pushrods being placed at one side of the combined intake duct in the older design. Also the number of mounting bolts for the cylinders has been increased, with each cylinder pair now being held to the crankcase by ten bolts.

Cast iron cylinders like in the previous engine design were also available, although in updated form to match the redesigned engine parts (i.e. separate intake ducts, new pushrod arrangement and increased number of crankcase mounting bolts).[2]

The intake manifold had been adapted to match the new arrangement of intake ducts on the cylinders. Two Cudell-G.A.-carburettors were placed centrally on the left side of the engine in close proximity to each other. A heating jacket, integrated into the coolant circulation, enclosed both carburettors. Each carburettor fed into one of the two separate intake manifold pipes, which fed three cylinders each.

The crankcase was made of aluminum and cast in separate upper and lower half parts, with the upper half having mounting arms cast into it. The crankshaft was supported by two intermediate and two outer plain bearings, with additional thrust ball bearings at the propeller end.[2] The propeller had an increased clearance to the first cylinder due to the conical nose of the crankcase at the propeller end necessary to hold the bearings.

Lubrication was forced, with a piston pump located mid engine at the bottom of the crankcase, collecting and recirculating the oil from the crankcase. Small amounts of fresh oil were augmented by the piston pump automatically.[2] The oil was fed to the main journals of the crankshaft, from where it was passed into the hollowed out crankshaft and then to the crankpins via drilled oil passages. The oil also was further distributed to the connecting rods piston end via copper oil conduits.

The camshaft was driven from the crankshaft via an intermediate spur gear on the control end, and two additional vertical layshafts, both driven from the crankshaft via bevel gears, were used to drive the magnetos and the water- as well as the oil pump. The centrifugal water pump, located on the lower end, was driven directly from the lower layshaft, while the oil pump was driven from the lower layshaft via bevel gears and an additional horizontal driveshaft and worm gear. The upper layshaft provided the tachometer output and also was used to drive the two magnetos, which were mounted transversely and driven via separate bevel gears.

Applications[edit]

Engines on display[edit]

Specifications[edit]

Data from Huth.[8]

General characteristics

  • Type: Six-cylinder, upright, inline, liquid-cooled piston engine
  • Bore: 130 mm (5.12 in)
  • Stroke: 140 mm (5.51 in)
  • Displacement: 11.1 L (680 cu in)
  • Dry weight: 230 kg (510 lb)[2]

Components

  • Valvetrain: Overhead-valve, two valves per cylinder, pushrod operated
  • Fuel system: Twin carburettors
  • Oil system: Pressure feed
  • Cooling system: Liquid-cooled
  • Reduction gear: Direct drive

Performance

See also[edit]

Comparable engines

Related lists

References[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ a b c "Argus As.II 120cv engine". Trimble 3D Warehouse. Retrieved 9 July 2013.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Der Argus Flugmotor, 1916
  3. ^ Herris. 2016, pp. 29-33, 38 (photo)
  4. ^ Düsing. 2020, pp. 27-34
  5. ^ Early Aviator: Aeroplanes 1914-1918
  6. ^ Krzyzan; Steinle. 1989, pp. 2, 56-57, see picture and description of Jeannin-Stahltaube A.271/14
  7. ^ Argus As II at Fliegermuseum Duebendorf
  8. ^ Huth, 1920, pp. 232-233

Bibliography[edit]

  • Krzyzan, Marian; Steinle, Holger (1989). Die Jeannin-Stahltaube A.180/14. Herford; Bonn: Mittler. pp. 2, 56–57. ISBN 3-8132-0313-1.
  • Düsing, Michael (2020). Germania Flugzeugwerke and Its Aircraft. Aeronaut Books. ISBN 978-1-935881-91-9.

External links[edit]

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