Ysleta, El Paso, Texas: Difference between revisions

Ysleta
Ysleta
	Mission de Corpus Christi de la Ysleta
	Location in the state of Texas
	Coordinates: 31°35′05″N 106°16′22″W / 31.58472°N 106.27278°W
Country	United States
State	Texas
County	El Paso County
Ysleta del Sur	1682
Government
• Tribal Governor	Vince Munoz
Area
• Total	0.07 sq mi (.17 km2)
Elevation	3,687 ft (1,124 m)
Time zone	UTC-6 (MDT)
• Summer (DST)	UTC-6 (CDT)
Website	Ysleta Mission
	Average Annual Precipitation (inches)= 8.20

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Ysleta is a community in El Paso, Texas, United States. Ysleta was settled between October 9 and October 12, 1680, when Spanish conquistadors, Franciscan clerics and Tigua Indians took refuge along the southern bank of the Rio Grande. These people were fleeing the Pueblo Revolt in New Mexico. Ysleta is the oldest European settlement in the area that is the present-day U.S. state of Texas.

History[edit]

Settlement[edit]

Antonio de Otermín, the Spanish Governor, placed Fray Francisco de Ayeta as administrator of the refugee camp of those fleeing Popé's rebellion in 1680.^[1] The refugee camp and mission was placed approximately three miles south of the Rio Grande at the time. The Rio Grande was prone to both flooding and silt deposit.^[1]

Resettlement[edit]

The settlement and associated mission moved several times over the next few hundred years. In 1691, the original refugee mission was replaced by an adobe structure. A flood in 1740 washed away that mission. It was rebuilt on higher ground four years later. The Tigua (i.e. Tiwa people) of Ysleta were among the most faithful Christian converts in the area and the Spanish were keen to keep the settlement healthy and vibrant. In the period between 1829 and 1831, the river moved much further south than usual. In 1836, the new country of Texas claimed the new channel of the Rio Grande as the boundary. In 1848, with the ratification of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, Ysleta was ceded to the United States.^[1] The mission was a stop on the Butterfield Overland Mail trail from 1858 to 1861.

The City of Ysleta[edit]

The neighboring community and county seat of San Elizario was a center of Hispanic influence in an increasing Anglo-dominated post-Civil War period. In 1873, Ysleta made a bid to become the county seat, but the elections were ignored or inconclusive until 1878, after the Salt War period. In response, the people of Ysleta incorporated as a Texas city in 1880. There were internal disputes as to whether the tax burden was worth the status as a city. There was also much opposition from the growing community of El Paso as to whether an "Indian" city should be the county seat. The railroad did not come to Ysleta, and in a strongly disputed election in which counted votes were nearly three times the number of voters, the county seat was moved to El Paso in 1883. The town government dissolved in 1895.

Fire[edit]

A chemical fire in 1907 damaged the Ysleta Mission.^[2] In 1916, the Rio Grande was dammed and the area was heavily irrigated. The resulting rise in the water table brought salt to the surface and the land became suitable for only salt-tolerant crops such as cotton.

Annexation[edit]

In 1955, El Paso annexed Ysleta,^[3] although residents voted against the change. Ysleta was allowed to keep its own school district (Ysleta Independent School District, which extends from the lower Valley into parts of Northeast El Paso), although that required an appeal to the Supreme Court.^{[citation needed]}

Tiwa Revival[edit]

In the 1960s, Tom Diamond sued on the behalf of the Tiwa (known as the Tigua tribe in Spanish). The state of Texas was reluctant to recognize any Native American tribes, but in 1967 the Tiguas were formed legally as the Ysleta Del Sur Pueblo. The next year, the United States Congress also recognized the tribe.^[3]

Education[edit]

Residents are served by the Ysleta Independent School District. Ysleta High School serves Ysleta.^[4]

The El Paso Public Library operates the Sergio Troncoso Branch in Ysleta.^[5]

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c Nancy Hamilton, "Ysleta, TX," Handbook of Texas Online [1], accessed June 29, 2012. Published by the Texas State Historical Association
^ "Ysleta Mission -- El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro National Historic Trail". National Park Service. Archived from the original on 12 June 2017. Retrieved 2019-04-02.
^ ^a ^b "Ysleta | Texas, United States". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2019-04-02.
^ "YHS Home Archived 2009-11-04 at the Wayback Machine." Ysleta High School. Retrieved on March 6, 2010.
^ "Sergio Troncoso Branch Library." El Paso Public Library. Retrieved on January 9, 2016.

External links[edit]

[:0-1] Nancy Hamilton, "Ysleta, TX," Handbook of Texas Online [1], accessed June 29, 2012. Published by the Texas State Historical Association

[2] "Ysleta Mission -- El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro National Historic Trail". National Park Service. Archived from the original on 12 June 2017. Retrieved 2019-04-02.

[:1-3] "Ysleta | Texas, United States". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2019-04-02.

[4] "YHS Home Archived 2009-11-04 at the Wayback Machine." Ysleta High School. Retrieved on March 6, 2010.

[5] "Sergio Troncoso Branch Library." El Paso Public Library. Retrieved on January 9, 2016.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{More citations needed|date=March 2010}}
 {{Infobox settlement
-| official_name = Ysleta
+| official_name                   = Ysleta
-| image_skyline = YsletaMission.jpeg
+| image_skyline                   = YsletaMission.jpeg
-| image_caption = Mission de Corpus Christi ade la Ysleta
+| image_caption                   = Mission de Corpus Christi de la Ysleta
-| image_map = TXMap-doton-ElPaso.png
+| image_map                       = TXMap-doton-ElPaso.png
-| map_caption = Location in the state of [[Texas]]
+| map_caption                     = Location in the state of [[Texas]]
-|subdivision_type  = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
+| subdivision_type                = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
-|subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]]
+| subdivision_type1               = [[U.S. state|State]]
-|subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Texas|County]]
+| subdivision_type2               = [[List of counties in Texas|County]]
-|subdivision_name  = United States
+| subdivision_name                = United States
-|subdivision_name1 = [[Texas]]
+| subdivision_name1               = [[Texas]]
-|subdivision_name2 = [[El Paso County, Texas|El Paso County]]
+| subdivision_name2               = [[El Paso County, Texas|El Paso County]]
-|area_magnitude         = .17
+| area_total_km2                  = .17
-|area_total_km2             = .17
+| population_as_of                = 421
-| population_as_of       =  421
+| leader_title                    = [[Tribal Governor]]
+| leader_name                     = [[Vince Munoz]]
-| leader_title = [[Tribal Governor]]
+| established_title               = Ysleta del Sur
-| leader_name = [[Vince Munoz]]
+| established_date                = 1682
-|established_title      = Ysleta del Sur
+| timezone                        = [[Mountain Daight Time|MDT]]
-|established_date       = 1682
+| utc_offset                      = -6
-|timezone = [[Mountain Daylight Time|MDT]]
+| timezone_DST                    = [[North American Central Time Zone|CDT]]
-| utc_offset = -6
+| utc_offset_DST                  = -6
-| timezone_DST = [[North American Central Time Zone|CDT]]
+| coordinates                     = {{coord|31|35|05|N|106|16|22|W|region:US-TX|display=inline,title}}
-| utc_offset_DST = -6
+| elevation_ft                    = 3687
-|coordinates       = {{coord|31|35|05|N|106|16|22|W|region:US-TX|display=inline,title}}
+| website                         = [https://web.archive.org/web/20070201211854/http://ysletamission.org/site// Ysleta Mission]
-| elevation_ft           = 3687
+| footnotes                       = Average Annual Precipitation (inches)= 8.20
-| website = [https://web.archive.org/web/20070201211854/http://ysletamission.org/site// Ysleta Mission]
+}}
-| footnotes =  Average Annual Precipitation (inches)= 8.20
- }}
-'''Ysleta''' is a community in [[El Paso, Texas]]. Ysleta was settled between October 9 and October 12, 1680, when [[Spanish colonization of the Americas|Spanish]] [[conquistadors]], [[Franciscan]] clerics and [[Ysleta del Sur Pueblo|Tigua Indians]] took refuge along the southern bank of the [[Rio Grande]]. These people were fleeing the [[Pueblo Revolt]] in [[Santa Fe de Nuevo México|New Mexico]].  Ysleta is the oldest European settlement in the area that is the present-day U.S. state of [[Texas]].
+'''Ysleta''' is a community in [[El Paso, Texas|El Paso]], [[Texas]], United States. Ysleta was settled between October 9 and October 12, 1680, when [[Spanish colonization of the Americas|Spanish]] [[conquistadors]], [[Franciscan]] clerics and [[Ysleta del Sur Pueblo|Tigua Indians]] took refuge along the southern bank of the [[Rio Grande]]. These people were fleeing the [[Pueblo Revolt]] in [[Santa Fe de Nuevo México|New Mexico]]. Ysleta is the oldest European settlement in the area that is the present-day U.S. state of Texas.
 ==History==
 ===Settlement===
-[[Antonio de Otermín]], the Spanish Governor, placed Fray [[Francisco de Ayeta]] as administrator of the refugee camp of those fleeing [[Popé|Popé's]] rebellion in 1680. The refugee camp and mission was placed about 3 miles south of the Rio Grande at the time. The Rio Grande was prone to both flooding and silt deposit.<ref>Nancy Hamilton, "YSLETA, TX," [[Handbook of Texas Online]] [http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hny06], accessed June 29, 2012. Published by the Texas State Historical Association</ref>
+[[Antonio de Otermín]], the Spanish Governor, placed Fray [[Francisco de Ayeta]] as administrator of the refugee camp of those fleeing [[Popé|Popé's]] rebellion in 1680.<ref name=":0" /> The refugee camp and mission was placed approximately three miles south of the [[Rio Grande]] at the time. The Rio Grande was prone to both flooding and silt deposit.<ref name=":0">Nancy Hamilton, "Ysleta, TX," [[Handbook of Texas Online]] [https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hny06], accessed June 29, 2012. Published by the Texas State Historical Association</ref>
 ===Resettlement===
-The settlement and associated mission moved several times over the next few hundred years. In 1691 the original refugee mission was replaced by an adobe structure. A flood in 1740 washed away that mission. It was rebuilt on higher ground four years later. The Tigua (i.e. [[Tiwa people]]) of Ysleta were among the most faithful Christian converts in the area and the Spanish were keen to keep the settlement healthy and vibrant. In the period between 1829 and 1831 the river moved much further south than usual. In 1836 the new country of [[Texas]] claimed the new channel of the Rio Grande as the boundary. In 1848, with the ratification of the [[Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo]], Ysleta was ceded to the United States.<ref>Nancy Hamilton, "YSLETA, TX," [[Handbook of Texas Online]] [http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hny06], accessed June 29, 2012. Published by the Texas State Historical Association</ref>  The mission was a stop on the [[Butterfield Overland Mail]] trail from 1858 to 1861.
+The settlement and associated mission moved several times over the next few hundred years. In 1691, the original refugee mission was replaced by an adobe structure. A flood in 1740 washed away that mission. It was rebuilt on higher ground four years later. The Tigua (i.e. [[Tiwa Puebloans|Tiwa people]]) of Ysleta were among the most faithful Christian converts in the area and the Spanish were keen to keep the settlement healthy and vibrant. In the period between 1829 and 1831, the river moved much further south than usual. In 1836, the new country of [[Texas]] claimed the new channel of the Rio Grande as the boundary. In 1848, with the ratification of the [[Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo]], Ysleta was ceded to the United States.<ref name=":0" />  The mission was a stop on the [[Butterfield Overland Mail]] trail from 1858 to 1861.
 ===The City of Ysleta===
-The neighboring community and county seat of [[San Elizario]] was a center of [[Hispanic]] influence in an increasing Anglo- dominated post-[[American Civil War|Civil War]] period. In 1873 Ysleta made a bid to become the county seat, but the elections were ignored or inconclusive until 1878 after the [[San Elizario Salt War|Salt War]] period. In response, the people of Ysleta incorporated as a Texas city in 1880. There were internal disputes as to whether the tax burden was worth the status as a city. There was also much opposition from the growing community of El Paso as to whether an "Indian" city should be the county seat.  The railroad did not come to Ysleta, and in a strongly disputed election in which counted votes were nearly three times the number of voters, the county seat was moved to El Paso in 1883. The town government dissolved in 1895.
+The neighboring community and county seat of [[San Elizario]] was a center of [[Hispanic]] influence in an increasing Anglo-dominated post-[[American Civil War|Civil War]] period. In 1873, Ysleta made a bid to become the county seat, but the elections were ignored or inconclusive until 1878, after the [[San Elizario Salt War|Salt War]] period. In response, the people of Ysleta incorporated as a Texas city in 1880. There were internal disputes as to whether the tax burden was worth the status as a city. There was also much opposition from the growing community of El Paso as to whether an "Indian" city should be the county seat. The railroad did not come to Ysleta, and in a strongly disputed election in which counted votes were nearly three times the number of voters, the county seat was moved to El Paso in 1883. The town government dissolved in 1895.
 ===Fire===
-A fire in 1907 damaged the mission. In 1916, the Rio Grande was dammed and the area was heavily irrigated. The resulting rise in the water table brought salt to the surface and the land became suitable for only salt-tolerant crops such as cotton.
+A chemical fire in 1907 damaged the [[Ysleta Mission]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/el_camino_real_de_tierra_adentro/ysleta_mission.html|title=Ysleta Mission -- El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro National Historic Trail|website=National Park Service|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170612082943/https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/el_camino_real_de_tierra_adentro/ysleta_mission.html|archive-date=12 June 2017|access-date=2019-04-02}}</ref> In 1916, the Rio Grande was dammed and the area was heavily irrigated. The resulting rise in the water table brought salt to the surface and the land became suitable for only salt-tolerant crops such as cotton.
 ===Annexation===
-In 1955, El Paso annexed Ysleta, although residents voted against the change. Ysleta was allowed to keep its own school district (which extends from the lower Valley into parts of Northeast El Paso), although that required an appeal to the Supreme Court.
+In 1955, [[El Paso, Texas|El Paso]] annexed Ysleta,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Ysleta|title=Ysleta {{!}} Texas, United States|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|access-date=2019-04-02}}</ref> although residents voted against the change. Ysleta was allowed to keep its own school district ([[Ysleta Independent School District]], which extends from the lower Valley into parts of [[Northeast El Paso]]), although that required an appeal to the Supreme Court.{{fact|date=June 2021}}
 ===Tiwa Revival===
-In the 1960s, [[Tom Diamond]] sued on the behalf of the [[Tiwa people|Tiwa]] (known as the Tigua tribe in Spanish). The state of Texas was reluctant to recognize any Native American tribes, but in 1967 the Tiguas were formed legally as the [[Ysleta Del Sur Pueblo]]. The tribe opened the very successful Speaking Rock casino that was a portion of [[Jack Abramoff]] criminal efforts the casino was shut down.
+In the 1960s, [[Tom Diamond]] sued on the behalf of the [[Tiwa Puebloans|Tiwa]] (known as the Tigua tribe in Spanish). The state of Texas was reluctant to recognize any Native American tribes, but in 1967 the Tiguas were formed legally as the [[Ysleta Del Sur Pueblo]]. The next year, the [[United States Congress]] also recognized the tribe.<ref name=":1" />
 ==Education==
+[[File:Sergio-Troncoso-Branch-Library-(color).jpg|thumb|The Sergio Troncoso Library]]
-Residents are served by the [[Ysleta Independent School District]]. [[Ysleta High School]] serves Ysleta.<ref>"[http://ysleta.tx.schoolwebpages.com/education/school/school.php?sectionid=1090 YHS Home]." [[Ysleta High School]]. Retrieved on March 6, 2010.</ref>
+Residents are served by the [[Ysleta Independent School District]]. [[Ysleta High School]] serves Ysleta.<ref>"[http://ysleta.tx.schoolwebpages.com/education/school/school.php?sectionid=1090 YHS Home] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091104210758/http://ysleta.tx.schoolwebpages.com/education/school/school.php?sectionid=1090 |date=2009-11-04 }}." [[Ysleta High School]]. Retrieved on March 6, 2010.</ref>
 The [[El Paso Public Library]] operates the Sergio Troncoso Branch in Ysleta.<ref>"[http://www.elpasolibrary.org/locations/sergio-troncoso-branch Sergio Troncoso Branch Library]." [[El Paso Public Library]]. Retrieved on January 9, 2016.</ref>
@@ Line 65: / Line 65: @@
 ==External links==
 {{Portal|Texas}}
-*http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/uqc03
+*https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/uqc03
 *https://web.archive.org/web/20070201211854/http://ysletamission.org/site/
 *https://web.archive.org/web/20070203222707/http://co.el-paso.tx.us/courthouse/
 *http://www.clayhound.us/sites/ysleta.htm
 *http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/travel/tx/tx3.htm
-*http://www.texasalmanac.com/history/highlights/franciscan/
+*https://texasalmanac.com/topics/history/franciscan-missionaries-texas-1690-0
 *[http://epcc.libguides.com/content.php?pid=309255&sid=2611656 Tigua Indians Survive 300 Years of Ordeals ]
+* https://web.archive.org/web/20140122141011/http://news.msn.com/in-depth/disenrollment-leaves-natives-culturally-homeless
+{{El Paso}}
+{{Butterfield5}}{{Authority control}}
-{{Butterfield5}}
-* http://news.msn.com/in-depth/disenrollment-leaves-natives-culturally-homeless
-[[Category:Tiwa]]
+[[Category:Tiwa Puebloans]]
 [[Category:Former cities in Texas]]
 [[Category:Puebloan peoples]]
@@ Line 82: / Line 83: @@
 [[Category:Populated places established in 1680]]
 [[Category:1680 establishments in the Spanish Empire]]
-[[Category:San Antonio-El Paso Road]]
+[[Category:San Antonio–El Paso Road]]
-[[Category:San Antonio-San Diego Mail Line]]
+[[Category:San Antonio–San Diego Mail Line]]
 [[Category:Butterfield Overland Mail in Texas]]
 [[Category:Stagecoach stops in the United States]]

v t e Butterfield Overland Mail 5th Division Stations
Franklin
Pope's Road	Hueco Tanks Ojos de los Alamos Station Cornudas de Los Alamos Station Crow Springs Station Pinery Independence Spring Delaware Springs Pope's Camp Emigrant Crossing
Lower Road	Ysleta Socorro San Elizario Birchville (Smith's Ranch) Fort Quitman Eagle Spring Van Horns Wells Deadman's Hole Spring (El Muerto) Barrel Springs Fort Davis Limpia Barela Springs Leon Springs Camp Stockton
Horsehead Crossing Mustang Waterholes Llano Estacado Camp Johnston Head of Concho Grape Creek Colorado River Fort Chadbourne