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{{Short description|Species of cartilaginous fish}}
{{Taxobox
{{Speciesbox
| name = Deepsea skate
| image = Bathyraja abyssicola.jpg
| image = Bathyraja abyssicola.jpg
| image_width = 240 px
| status = DD
| status = DD | status_system = IUCN2.3
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn">{{IUCN2008|assessors=Cook, S. and Zorzi, G. |year=2000 |id=2636 |title=Bathyraja abyssicola |downloaded=14 November 2008}}</ref>
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 16 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Cook, S.F. |author2=Zorzi, G.D. |date=2015 |title=''Bathyraja abyssicola'' |volume=2015 |page=e.T2636A80673712 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T2636A80673712.en |access-date=16 November 2021}}</ref>
⚫
| taxon = Bathyraja abyssicola
| regnum = [[Animalia]]
⚫
| authority = ([[Charles Henry Gilbert|C. H. Gilbert]], 1896)
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
⚫
| synonyms = * ''Raja abyssicola'' <small>Gilbert, 1896</small>
| classis = [[Chondrichthyes]]
| ordo = [[Rajiformes]]
| familia = [[Rajidae]]
| genus = ''[[Bathyraja]]''
| species = '''''B. abyssicola'''''
⚫
| binomial = ''Bathyraja abyssicola''
⚫
| binomial_authority = ([[Charles Henry Gilbert|Gilbert]], 1896)
⚫
| synonyms = ''Raja abyssicola'' <small>Gilbert, 1896</small>
}}
}}


The '''deepsea skate''', ''Bathyraja abyssicola'', is a species of [[softnose skate]], family [[Rajidae]], found in deep water from 362 to 2,906 m, usually on the [[continental slope]]. They are distributed from off northern [[Baja California]] around [[Coronado Island]] and [[Cortes Bank]], north to the [[Bering Sea]], and west to [[Japan]]. It is fairly common below 1,000 m, and is taken as [[by-catch]] in deepwater [[trawl]]s and traps. The species name ''abyssicola'' comes from the [[Greek language|Greek]] ''abyssos'' meaning "bottomless", and ''cola'' meaning "living at depths".<ref name="ebert">{{cite book |author=Ebert, D.A. |title=Sharks, Rays, and Chimaeras of California |publisher=University of California Press |location=London |year=2003 |isbn=0520234847}}</ref>
The '''deepsea skate''' ('''''Bathyraja abyssicola''''') is a species of [[softnose skate]], in the family [[Arhynchobatidae]], found in deep water from 362 to 2,906 m, usually on the [[continental slope]]. They are distributed from off northern [[Baja California]] around [[Coronado Island]] and [[Cortes Bank]], north to the [[Bering Sea]], and west to Japan. There have also been sightings north of Darwin Island within the Galapagos Marine Reserve in 2015. This was the first record of the Deepsea Skate being found in the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean. It is fairly common below 1,000 m, and is taken as [[bycatch]] in deepwater [[trawl]]s and traps. The species name ''abyssicola'' comes from the [[Greek language|Greek]] ''abyssos'' meaning "bottomless", and ''cola'' meaning "living at depths".<ref name="ebert">{{cite book |author=Ebert, D.A. |title=Sharks, Rays, and Chimaeras of California |publisher=University of California Press |location=London |year=2003 |isbn=0-520-23484-7}}</ref>


The [[pectoral fin]] disc of the deepsea skate has a moderately triangular anterior margin, a broadly rounded posterior margin, and rounded tips. The disc is slightly wider than it is long. There are 1-5 nuchal thorns (placed on the dorsal midline behind the eyes), separated from a continuous row of 21-32 median tail thorns. The tail is moderately long, narrow, and tapering, terminating in a small, low-set [[caudal fin]]. There are two close-set [[dorsal fin]]s, usually with an interdorsal thorn. Its coloration is grayish purple to dark chocolate brown or black above, occasionally with scattered small darker spots, and slightly darker below except for a whitish area around the mouth. The anterior tip of the [[pelvic fin]]s are whitish. Large males have irregular whitish blotches and numerous dark spots while females have reduced or absent blotches. Juveniles tend to be uniform in color.<ref name="ebert"/>
The [[pectoral fin]] disc of the deepsea skate has a moderately triangular anterior margin, a broadly rounded posterior margin, and rounded tips. The disc is slightly wider than it is long. One to five nuchal thorns are placed on the dorsal midline behind the eyes, separated from a continuous row of 21-32 median tail thorns. The tail is moderately long, narrow, and tapering, terminating in a small, low-set [[caudal fin]]. The two close-set [[dorsal fin]]s usually have an interdorsal thorn. Its coloration is grayish purple to dark chocolate brown or black above, occasionally with scattered small, darker spots, and slightly darker below except for a whitish area around the mouth. The anterior tips of the [[pelvic fin]]s are whitish. Large males have irregular whitish blotches and numerous dark spots, while females have reduced or absent blotches. Juveniles tend to be uniform in color.<ref name="ebert"/>


[[File:Deepsea skates.jpg|thumb|left|Two deepsea skates caught off the coast of central California during a bottom-trawl survey]]
⚫
The deepsea skate is [[oviparous]]. The [[Egg case (Chondrichthyes)|egg case]]s are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners, deposited on [[sand]]y or [[mud flat|muddy flats]]. One egg case measured 105.8 mm long and 65.2 mm wide. The young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother.<ref name="fishbase">{{fishbase species |genus=Bathyraja |species=abyssicola |month=November |year=2008}}</ref> Males mature at 110-120 cm and grow at least as large as 135 cm, while females attain at leat 157 cm. The smallest known free-swimming specimens measured 34-36 cm. Deepwater skates feed on [[benthic]] [[organism]]s, including [[annelid worm]]s, [[cephalopod]]s, [[tanner crab]]s, [[shrimp]]s, and [[bony fish]]es. [[Invertebrate]]s comprise a greater proportion of the diet than fishes in juveniles below 1 m.<ref name="ebert"/>

⚫
The deepsea skate is [[oviparous]]. The [[Egg case (Chondrichthyes)|egg case]]s are oblong capsules with stiff, pointed horns at the corners, deposited on [[sand]]y or [[mud flat|muddy flats]]. One egg case measured 105.8&nbsp;mm long and 65.2&nbsp;mm wide. The young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother.<ref name="fishbase">{{FishBase |genus=Bathyraja |species=abyssicola |month=November |year=2008}}</ref> Males mature at 110–120&nbsp;cm and grow at least as large as 135&nbsp;cm, while females attain at least 157&nbsp;cm. The smallest known free-swimming specimens measured 34–36&nbsp;cm. Deepwater skates feed on [[benthic]] [[organism]]s, including [[annelid worm]]s, [[cephalopod]]s, [[tanner crab]]s, [[shrimp]]s, and [[bony fish]]es. [[Invertebrate]]s comprise a greater proportion of the diet than fishes in juveniles below 1 m.<ref name="ebert"/>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q306261}}


[[Category:Bathyraja]]
[[Category:Bathyraja]]
[[Category:Animals described in 1896]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Charles Henry Gilbert]]
[[Category:Fish described in 1896]]
[[Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot]]



{{Rajiformes-stub}}
[[ca:Bathyraja abyssicola]]
[[es:Bathyraja abyssicola]]
[[nl:Diepzeerog]]
[[sr:Bathyraja abyssicola]]
[[vi:Deepsea skate]]

Revision as of 05:04, 30 May 2023

Deepsea skate
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes
Subclass: Elasmobranchii
Superorder: Batoidea
Order: Rajiformes
Family: Arhynchobatidae
Genus: Bathyraja
Species:
B. abyssicola
Binomial name
Bathyraja abyssicola
Synonyms
  • Raja abyssicola Gilbert, 1896

The deepsea skate (Bathyraja abyssicola) is a species of softnose skate, in the family Arhynchobatidae, found in deep water from 362 to 2,906 m, usually on the continental slope. They are distributed from off northern Baja California around Coronado Island and Cortes Bank, north to the Bering Sea, and west to Japan. There have also been sightings north of Darwin Island within the Galapagos Marine Reserve in 2015. This was the first record of the Deepsea Skate being found in the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean. It is fairly common below 1,000 m, and is taken as bycatch in deepwater trawls and traps. The species name abyssicola comes from the Greek abyssos meaning "bottomless", and cola meaning "living at depths".[2]

The pectoral fin disc of the deepsea skate has a moderately triangular anterior margin, a broadly rounded posterior margin, and rounded tips. The disc is slightly wider than it is long. One to five nuchal thorns are placed on the dorsal midline behind the eyes, separated from a continuous row of 21-32 median tail thorns. The tail is moderately long, narrow, and tapering, terminating in a small, low-set caudal fin. The two close-set dorsal fins usually have an interdorsal thorn. Its coloration is grayish purple to dark chocolate brown or black above, occasionally with scattered small, darker spots, and slightly darker below except for a whitish area around the mouth. The anterior tips of the pelvic fins are whitish. Large males have irregular whitish blotches and numerous dark spots, while females have reduced or absent blotches. Juveniles tend to be uniform in color.[2]

Two deepsea skates caught off the coast of central California during a bottom-trawl survey

The deepsea skate is oviparous. The egg cases are oblong capsules with stiff, pointed horns at the corners, deposited on sandy or muddy flats. One egg case measured 105.8 mm long and 65.2 mm wide. The young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother.[3] Males mature at 110–120 cm and grow at least as large as 135 cm, while females attain at least 157 cm. The smallest known free-swimming specimens measured 34–36 cm. Deepwater skates feed on benthic organisms, including annelid worms, cephalopods, tanner crabs, shrimps, and bony fishes. Invertebrates comprise a greater proportion of the diet than fishes in juveniles below 1 m.[2]

References

  1. ^ Cook, S.F.; Zorzi, G.D. (2015). "Bathyraja abyssicola". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T2636A80673712. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T2636A80673712.en. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c Ebert, D.A. (2003). Sharks, Rays, and Chimaeras of California. London: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-23484-7.
  3. ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2008). "Bathyraja abyssicola" in FishBase. November 2008 version.


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