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{{short description|Frigate of the Royal Navy}}
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'''HMS ''Affleck''''' was a [[Captain class frigate]] which served during [[World War II]]. The ship was named after [[Edmund Affleck|Sir Edmund Affleck]], commander of [[HMS Bedford (1775)|HMS ''Bedford'']] at the [[Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1780)|Moonlight Battle]] in 1780 during the [[American Revolutionary War]].
'''HMS ''Affleck''''' was a {{sclass2|Captain|frigate}} which served during [[World War II]]. The ship was named after [[Edmund Affleck|Sir Edmund Affleck]], commander of {{HMS|Bedford|1775|6}} at the [[Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1780)|Moonlight Battle]] in 1780 during the [[American Revolutionary War]].


Originally destined for the US Navy as a [[Buckley class destroyer escort|''Buckley''-class destroyer escort]], HMS ''Affleck'' was provisionally given the name USS ''Oswald'' (later this name was reassigned to {{USS|Oswald|DE-767|1}}). However, the delivery was diverted to the [[Royal Navy]] before the launch.
Originally destined for the US Navy as a [[Turbo-electric transmission|turbo-electric]] (TE) type {{sclass|Buckley|destroyer escort|1}}, HMS ''Affleck'' was provisionally given the name USS ''Oswald'' (later this name was reassigned to {{USS|Oswald|DE-767|1}}). However, the delivery was diverted to the [[Royal Navy]] before the launch.

Commanding Officers were Lt E I Pilditch on commissioning, then Cdr [[Clive Gwinner|C Gwinner]] RN (Senior Officer 1st Escort Group).


==Actions==
==Actions==
HMS ''Affleck'' served exclusively with the 1st Escort Group taking part in operations in the [[Atlantic Ocean|North Atlantic]], off [[Normandy]], and in the [[English Channel]].
HMS ''Affleck'' served exclusively with the 1st Escort Group taking part in operations in the [[Atlantic Ocean|North Atlantic]], off [[Normandy]], and in the [[English Channel]].


On 19 February 1944, together with {{HMS|Bentley|K465|6}}, HMS ''Affleck'' picked up 54 survivors from the Panamanian merchant ''Colin'' which had been torpedoed and sunk the previous day in the [[Atlantic Ocean|North Atlantic]] in position {{coord|54|16|N|31|58|W}} by the {{GS|U-859}}.
On 19 February 1944, together with {{HMS|Bentley|K465|6}}, HMS ''Affleck'' picked up 54 survivors from the Panamanian merchant ''Colin'' which had been torpedoed and sunk the previous day in the [[Atlantic Ocean|North Atlantic]] in position {{coord|54|16|N|31|58|W}} by the {{GS|U-859}}.


On 26 February 1944 in the North Atlantic at position {{coord|49|45|N|26|20|W}} HMS ''Affleck'', together with {{HMS|Gore|K481|6}} and {{HMS|Gould|K476|6}}, sank {{GS|U-91|1941|2}} by the use of [[depth charge]]s and then by use of main guns. When the damaged uboat surfaced and tried to ram HMS ''Affleck'', this action resulted in 36 dead and 16 survivors from ''U-91''{{'}}s crew.
On 26 February 1944 in the North Atlantic at position {{coord|49|45|N|26|20|W}} HMS ''Affleck'', together with {{HMS|Gore|K481|6}} and {{HMS|Gould|K476|6}}, sank {{GS|U-91|1941|2}} by the use of [[depth charge]]s and then by use of main guns. When the damaged U-boat surfaced and tried to ram HMS ''Affleck'', this action resulted in 36 dead and 16 survivors from ''U-91''{{'}}s crew.


On 1 March 1944 in the Northern Atlantic north of the [[Azores]] at position {{coord|45|46|N|23|16|W}} HMS ''Affleck'' together with HMS ''Gore'', HMS ''Gould'' and {{HMS|Garlies|K475|6}} sank {{GS|U-358||2}} by the use of depth charges, resulting in 50 dead and 1 survivor from the submarine's crew.
On 1 March 1944 in the Northern Atlantic north of the [[Azores]] at position {{coord|45|46|N|23|16|W}} HMS ''Affleck'' together with HMS ''Gore'', HMS ''Gould'' and {{HMS|Garlies|K475|6}} sank {{GS|U-358||2}} by the use of depth charges, resulting in 50 dead and 1 survivor from the submarine's crew.


On 16 March 1944 in the [[Straits of Gibraltar]] at position {{coord|35|55|N|05|41|W}} HMS ''Affleck'' together with the destroyer {{HMS|Vanoc}} and three US [[PBY Catalina|Catalina aircraft]] (VP 63) sank {{GS|U-392||2}} by the use of a [[Hedgehog (weapon)|hedgehog]] attack, resulting in 52 dead (all hands) from ''U-392''{{'}}s crew.
On 16 March 1944 in the [[Straits of Gibraltar]] at position {{coord|35|55|N|05|41|W}} HMS ''Affleck'' together with the destroyer {{HMS|Vanoc}} and three US [[PBY Catalina|Catalina aircraft]] (VP 63) sank {{GS|U-392||2}} by the use of a [[Hedgehog (weapon)|hedgehog]] attack, resulting in 52 dead (all hands) from ''U-392''{{'}}s crew.


On 25 June 1944 HMS ''Affleck'' with {{HMS|Balfour|K464|6}} attacked a submarine believed to be {{GS|U-1191||2}} by the use of depth charges, this resulted in the sinking of the submarine with the loss of all hands. This action took place {{convert|25|nmi|km|0}} south of [[Start Point, Devon|Start Point]]. The [[Kriegsmarine]] had ''U-1191'' listed as missing (no radio contact) since 12 June 1944.<ref>*{{cite book|author=Innes McCartney|title=Lost Patrols: Submarine Wrecks of the English Channel|year=2002}}</ref>
On 25 June 1944 HMS ''Affleck'' with {{HMS|Balfour|K464|6}} attacked a submarine believed to be {{GS|U-1191||2}} by the use of depth charges, this resulted in the sinking of the submarine with the loss of all hands. This action took place {{convert|25|nmi|km|0}} south of [[Start Point, Devon|Start Point]]. The [[Kriegsmarine]] had ''U-1191'' listed as missing (no radio contact) since 12 June 1944.<ref>*{{cite book |last1=McCartney |first1=Innes |title=Lost patrols : submarine wrecks of the English Channel |date=2002 |publisher=Periscope |location=Penzance |isbn=978-1-90438-104-4}}</ref>


On 26 December 1944 at 14:14 off the French coast near [[Cherbourg]], {{GS|U-486||2}} launched three acoustic torpedoes at the 1st Escort Group hitting ''Affleck'' and {{HMS|Capel|K470|6}}. This resulted in the sinking of ''Capel''.''Affleck'' was towed to port, where the ship was written off as a Constructive Total Loss.
On 26 December 1944 at 14:14 off the French coast near [[Cherbourg]], {{GS|U-486||2}} launched three acoustic torpedoes at the 1st Escort Group hitting ''Affleck'' and {{HMS|Capel|K470|6}}. This resulted in the sinking of ''Capel''. ''Affleck'' was towed to port, where the ship was written off as a Constructive Total Loss.


==Return to United States Navy==
==Return to United States Navy==
''Affleck'' was returned to the US Navy in August 1945 in Britain, where she was sold on 24 January 1947 to the Lisbon-based Transcontinental Victory Commercial Corporation Ltd. She was renamed ''Nostra De La Luz'' and survived as a hulk until the 1970s.<ref>{{cite web|title=HMS Affleck|url=https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/5885.html|website=uboat.net|accessdate=24 May 2018}}</ref>
''Affleck'' was returned to the US Navy in August 1945 in Britain, where she was sold on 24 January 1947 to the Lisbon-based Transcontinental Victory Commercial Corporation Ltd. She was renamed ''Nostra De La Luz'' and survived as a hulk until the 1970s.<ref>{{cite web|title=HMS Affleck|url=https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/5885.html|website=uboat.net|access-date=24 May 2018}}</ref>


==General information==
==General information==
*'''Pennant (UK)''': K 462
*'''Pennant (UK)''': K 462
*'''Pennant (US)''': DE 71
*'''Pennant (US)''': DE 71

*'''Built by''': [[Bethlehem Steel Company|Bethlehem-Hingham Shipyard Inc]]. (Hingham, Massachusetts, U.S.A.)
==Citations==
{{Reflist}}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
* ''The Captain Class Frigates in the Second World War'' by Donald Collingwood. published by Leo Cooper (1998), {{ISBN|0-85052-615-9}}.
* ''The Captain Class Frigates in the Second World War'' by Donald Collingwood. published by Leo Cooper (1998), {{ISBN|0-85052-615-9}}.
* ''The Buckley-Class Destroyer Escorts'' by Bruce Hampton Franklin, published by Chatham Publishing (1999), {{ISBN|1-86176-118-X}}.
* ''The Buckley-Class Destroyer Escorts'' by Bruce Hampton Franklin, published by Chatham Publishing (1999), {{ISBN|1-86176-118-X}}.
* ''German U-Boat Losses During World War II'' by Axel Niestle, published by United States Naval Inst (1998), {{ISBN|1-55750-641-8}}.
*{{cite book |title=German U-Boat Losses During World War II |first=Axel |last=Niestle |publisher=United States Naval Institute |date=1998 |isbn=1-55750-641-8}}
{{DANFS|http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/o4/oswald.htm|http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/a3/affleck.htm}}
{{DANFS|https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/o/oswald.html|https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/a/affleck.html}}


==External links==
==External links==
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* [http://uboat.net/boats/u1191.htm Uboat.net page for U-1191]
* [http://uboat.net/boats/u1191.htm Uboat.net page for U-1191]
* [http://uboat.net/boats/u486.htm Uboat.net page for U-486]
* [http://uboat.net/boats/u486.htm Uboat.net page for U-486]
* [http://www.captainclassfrigates.co.uk/ captainclassfrigates.co.uk]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070301070801/http://www.captainclassfrigates.co.uk/ captainclassfrigates.co.uk]
* [https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/37148/supplement/3329/data.pdf The Gazette 26th June 1945]
* [https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/37148/supplement/3329/data.pdf The Gazette 26 June 1945]

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{{Captains class frigate}}
{{Captains class frigate}}

Latest revision as of 15:51, 14 August 2023

History
United States
NameOswald
BuilderBethlehem Hingham Shipyard
Laid down5 April 1943
Launched30 June 1943
Out of serviceAssigned to the Royal Navy June 1943.
ReinstatedReturned August 1945.
FateSold into mercantile service 24 January 1947.
United Kingdom
NameAffleck
Commissioned29 September 1943
FateReturned to the United States Navy in August 1945
General characteristics
Class and typeCaptain-class frigate
Displacement1,800 tons fully loaded
Length306 ft (93 m) overall
Beam36.5 ft (11.1 m)
Draught11 ft (3.4 m) fully loaded
Speed24 knots (44 km/h)
Endurance5,500 nautical miles (10,190 km) at 15 knots (28 km/h)
ComplementTypically between 170 & 180

HMS Affleck was a Captain-class frigate which served during World War II. The ship was named after Sir Edmund Affleck, commander of HMS Bedford at the Moonlight Battle in 1780 during the American Revolutionary War.

Originally destined for the US Navy as a turbo-electric (TE) type Buckley-class destroyer escort, HMS Affleck was provisionally given the name USS Oswald (later this name was reassigned to DE-767). However, the delivery was diverted to the Royal Navy before the launch.

Actions[edit]

HMS Affleck served exclusively with the 1st Escort Group taking part in operations in the North Atlantic, off Normandy, and in the English Channel.

On 19 February 1944, together with HMS Bentley, HMS Affleck picked up 54 survivors from the Panamanian merchant Colin which had been torpedoed and sunk the previous day in the North Atlantic in position 54°16′N 31°58′W / 54.267°N 31.967°W / 54.267; -31.967 by the German submarine U-859.

On 26 February 1944 in the North Atlantic at position 49°45′N 26°20′W / 49.750°N 26.333°W / 49.750; -26.333 HMS Affleck, together with HMS Gore and HMS Gould, sank U-91 by the use of depth charges and then by use of main guns. When the damaged U-boat surfaced and tried to ram HMS Affleck, this action resulted in 36 dead and 16 survivors from U-91's crew.

On 1 March 1944 in the Northern Atlantic north of the Azores at position 45°46′N 23°16′W / 45.767°N 23.267°W / 45.767; -23.267 HMS Affleck together with HMS Gore, HMS Gould and HMS Garlies sank U-358 by the use of depth charges, resulting in 50 dead and 1 survivor from the submarine's crew.

On 16 March 1944 in the Straits of Gibraltar at position 35°55′N 05°41′W / 35.917°N 5.683°W / 35.917; -5.683 HMS Affleck together with the destroyer HMS Vanoc and three US Catalina aircraft (VP 63) sank U-392 by the use of a hedgehog attack, resulting in 52 dead (all hands) from U-392's crew.

On 25 June 1944 HMS Affleck with HMS Balfour attacked a submarine believed to be U-1191 by the use of depth charges, this resulted in the sinking of the submarine with the loss of all hands. This action took place 25 nautical miles (46 km) south of Start Point. The Kriegsmarine had U-1191 listed as missing (no radio contact) since 12 June 1944.[1]

On 26 December 1944 at 14:14 off the French coast near Cherbourg, U-486 launched three acoustic torpedoes at the 1st Escort Group hitting Affleck and HMS Capel. This resulted in the sinking of Capel. Affleck was towed to port, where the ship was written off as a Constructive Total Loss.

Return to United States Navy[edit]

Affleck was returned to the US Navy in August 1945 in Britain, where she was sold on 24 January 1947 to the Lisbon-based Transcontinental Victory Commercial Corporation Ltd. She was renamed Nostra De La Luz and survived as a hulk until the 1970s.[2]

General information[edit]

  • Pennant (UK): K 462
  • Pennant (US): DE 71

Citations[edit]

  1. ^ *McCartney, Innes (2002). Lost patrols : submarine wrecks of the English Channel. Penzance: Periscope. ISBN 978-1-90438-104-4.
  2. ^ "HMS Affleck". uboat.net. Retrieved 24 May 2018.

References[edit]

  • The Captain Class Frigates in the Second World War by Donald Collingwood. published by Leo Cooper (1998), ISBN 0-85052-615-9.
  • The Buckley-Class Destroyer Escorts by Bruce Hampton Franklin, published by Chatham Publishing (1999), ISBN 1-86176-118-X.
  • Niestle, Axel (1998). German U-Boat Losses During World War II. United States Naval Institute. ISBN 1-55750-641-8.

Public Domain This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entries can be found here and here.

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HMS_Affleck&oldid=1170357084"