HMS Affleck: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Frigate of the Royal Navy}} |
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|Ship country=United States |
|Ship country=United States |
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|Ship flag={{USN flag|1943}} |
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|Ship name=''Oswald'' |
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|Ship builder=[[Bethlehem Hingham Shipyard]] |
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|Ship fate=Sold into mercantile service 24 January 1947. |
|Ship fate=Sold into mercantile service 24 January 1947. |
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|Ship country=United Kingdom |
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|Ship name=''Affleck'' |
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|Ship fate=Returned to the United States Navy in August 1945 |
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|Ship class={{sclass2|Captain|frigate}} |
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|Ship displacement=1,800 tons fully loaded |
|Ship displacement=1,800 tons fully loaded |
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|Ship length={{convert|306|ft|m|abbr=on}} overall |
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'''HMS ''Affleck''''' was a |
'''HMS ''Affleck''''' was a {{sclass2|Captain|frigate}} which served during [[World War II]]. The ship was named after [[Edmund Affleck|Sir Edmund Affleck]], commander of {{HMS|Bedford|1775|6}} at the [[Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1780)|Moonlight Battle]] in 1780 during the [[American Revolutionary War]]. |
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Originally destined for the US Navy as a [[ |
Originally destined for the US Navy as a [[Turbo-electric transmission|turbo-electric]] (TE) type {{sclass|Buckley|destroyer escort|1}}, HMS ''Affleck'' was provisionally given the name USS ''Oswald'' (later this name was reassigned to {{USS|Oswald|DE-767|1}}). However, the delivery was diverted to the [[Royal Navy]] before the launch. |
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Commanding Officers were Lt E I Pilditch on commissioning, then Cdr [[Clive Gwinner|C Gwinner]] RN (Senior Officer 1st Escort Group). |
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==Actions== |
==Actions== |
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HMS ''Affleck'' served exclusively with the 1st Escort Group taking part in operations in the [[Atlantic Ocean|North Atlantic]], off [[Normandy]], and in the [[English Channel]]. |
HMS ''Affleck'' served exclusively with the 1st Escort Group taking part in operations in the [[Atlantic Ocean|North Atlantic]], off [[Normandy]], and in the [[English Channel]]. |
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On 19 February 1944, together with {{HMS|Bentley|K465|6}}, HMS ''Affleck'' picked up 54 survivors from the Panamanian merchant ''Colin'' which had been torpedoed and sunk the previous day in the [[Atlantic Ocean|North Atlantic]] in position {{coord|54|16|N|31|58|W}} by the |
On 19 February 1944, together with {{HMS|Bentley|K465|6}}, HMS ''Affleck'' picked up 54 survivors from the Panamanian merchant ''Colin'' which had been torpedoed and sunk the previous day in the [[Atlantic Ocean|North Atlantic]] in position {{coord|54|16|N|31|58|W}} by the {{GS|U-859}}. |
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On 26 February 1944 in the North Atlantic at position {{coord|49|45|N|26|20|W}} HMS ''Affleck'', together with {{HMS|Gore|K481|6}} and {{HMS|Gould|K476|6}}, sank {{GS|U-91|1941|2}} by the use of [[depth charge]]s and then by use of main guns. When the damaged |
On 26 February 1944 in the North Atlantic at position {{coord|49|45|N|26|20|W}} HMS ''Affleck'', together with {{HMS|Gore|K481|6}} and {{HMS|Gould|K476|6}}, sank {{GS|U-91|1941|2}} by the use of [[depth charge]]s and then by use of main guns. When the damaged U-boat surfaced and tried to ram HMS ''Affleck'', this action resulted in 36 dead and 16 survivors from ''U-91''{{'}}s crew. |
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On 1 March 1944 in the Northern Atlantic north of the [[Azores]] at position {{coord|45|46|N|23|16|W}} HMS ''Affleck'' together with HMS ''Gore'', HMS ''Gould'' and {{HMS|Garlies|K475|6}} sank {{GS|U-358||2}} by the use of depth charges, resulting in 50 dead and 1 survivor from the submarine's crew. |
On 1 March 1944 in the Northern Atlantic north of the [[Azores]] at position {{coord|45|46|N|23|16|W}} HMS ''Affleck'' together with HMS ''Gore'', HMS ''Gould'' and {{HMS|Garlies|K475|6}} sank {{GS|U-358||2}} by the use of depth charges, resulting in 50 dead and 1 survivor from the submarine's crew. |
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On 16 March 1944 in the [[Straits of Gibraltar]] at position {{coord|35|55|N|05|41|W}} HMS ''Affleck'' together with the destroyer {{HMS|Vanoc}} and three US [[PBY Catalina|Catalina aircraft]] (VP 63) sank {{GS|U-392||2}} by the use of |
On 16 March 1944 in the [[Straits of Gibraltar]] at position {{coord|35|55|N|05|41|W}} HMS ''Affleck'' together with the destroyer {{HMS|Vanoc}} and three US [[PBY Catalina|Catalina aircraft]] (VP 63) sank {{GS|U-392||2}} by the use of a [[Hedgehog (weapon)|hedgehog]] attack, resulting in 52 dead (all hands) from ''U-392''{{'}}s crew. |
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On 25 June 1944 HMS ''Affleck'' with {{HMS|Balfour|K464|6}} attacked a submarine believed to be {{GS|U-1191||2}} by the use of depth charges, this resulted in the sinking of the submarine with the loss of all hands. This action took place {{convert|25|nmi|km|0}} south of [[Start Point, Devon|Start Point]]. The [[Kriegsmarine]] had ''U-1191'' listed as missing (no radio contact) since 12 June 1944.<ref>*{{cite book| |
On 25 June 1944 HMS ''Affleck'' with {{HMS|Balfour|K464|6}} attacked a submarine believed to be {{GS|U-1191||2}} by the use of depth charges, this resulted in the sinking of the submarine with the loss of all hands. This action took place {{convert|25|nmi|km|0}} south of [[Start Point, Devon|Start Point]]. The [[Kriegsmarine]] had ''U-1191'' listed as missing (no radio contact) since 12 June 1944.<ref>*{{cite book |last1=McCartney |first1=Innes |title=Lost patrols : submarine wrecks of the English Channel |date=2002 |publisher=Periscope |location=Penzance |isbn=978-1-90438-104-4}}</ref> |
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On 26 December 1944 at 14:14 off the French coast near [[Cherbourg]], {{GS|U-486||2}} launched three acoustic torpedoes at the 1st Escort Group hitting ''Affleck'' and {{HMS|Capel|K470|6}}. This resulted in the sinking of ''Capel''.''Affleck'' was towed to port, where the ship was written off as a Constructive Total Loss. |
On 26 December 1944 at 14:14 off the French coast near [[Cherbourg]], {{GS|U-486||2}} launched three acoustic torpedoes at the 1st Escort Group hitting ''Affleck'' and {{HMS|Capel|K470|6}}. This resulted in the sinking of ''Capel''. ''Affleck'' was towed to port, where the ship was written off as a Constructive Total Loss. |
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==Return to United States Navy== |
==Return to United States Navy== |
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''Affleck'' was returned to the US Navy in August 1945 in Britain, where she was sold on 24 January 1947 to the Lisbon-based Transcontinental Victory Commercial Corporation Ltd. She was renamed ''Nostra De La Luz'' and survived as a hulk until the 1970s.<ref>{{cite web|title=HMS Affleck|url=https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/5885.html|website=uboat.net| |
''Affleck'' was returned to the US Navy in August 1945 in Britain, where she was sold on 24 January 1947 to the Lisbon-based Transcontinental Victory Commercial Corporation Ltd. She was renamed ''Nostra De La Luz'' and survived as a hulk until the 1970s.<ref>{{cite web|title=HMS Affleck|url=https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/5885.html|website=uboat.net|access-date=24 May 2018}}</ref> |
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==General information== |
==General information== |
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*'''Pennant (UK)''': K 462 |
*'''Pennant (UK)''': K 462 |
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*'''Pennant (US)''': DE 71 |
*'''Pennant (US)''': DE 71 |
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*'''Built by''': [[Bethlehem Steel Company|Bethlehem-Hingham Shipyard Inc]]. (Hingham, Massachusetts, U.S.A.) |
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==Citations== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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* ''The Captain Class Frigates in the Second World War'' by Donald Collingwood. published by Leo Cooper (1998), {{ISBN|0-85052-615-9}}. |
* ''The Captain Class Frigates in the Second World War'' by Donald Collingwood. published by Leo Cooper (1998), {{ISBN|0-85052-615-9}}. |
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* ''The Buckley-Class Destroyer Escorts'' by Bruce Hampton Franklin, published by Chatham Publishing (1999), {{ISBN|1-86176-118-X}}. |
* ''The Buckley-Class Destroyer Escorts'' by Bruce Hampton Franklin, published by Chatham Publishing (1999), {{ISBN|1-86176-118-X}}. |
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* |
*{{cite book |title=German U-Boat Losses During World War II |first=Axel |last=Niestle |publisher=United States Naval Institute |date=1998 |isbn=1-55750-641-8}} |
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{{DANFS| |
{{DANFS|https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/o/oswald.html|https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/a/affleck.html}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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* [http://uboat.net/boats/u1191.htm Uboat.net page for U-1191] |
* [http://uboat.net/boats/u1191.htm Uboat.net page for U-1191] |
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* [http://uboat.net/boats/u486.htm Uboat.net page for U-486] |
* [http://uboat.net/boats/u486.htm Uboat.net page for U-486] |
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* [http://www.captainclassfrigates.co.uk/ captainclassfrigates.co.uk] |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070301070801/http://www.captainclassfrigates.co.uk/ captainclassfrigates.co.uk] |
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* [https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/37148/supplement/3329/data.pdf The Gazette |
* [https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/37148/supplement/3329/data.pdf The Gazette 26 June 1945] |
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{{Captains class frigate}} |
{{Captains class frigate}} |
Latest revision as of 15:51, 14 August 2023
History | |
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United States | |
Name | Oswald |
Builder | Bethlehem Hingham Shipyard |
Laid down | 5 April 1943 |
Launched | 30 June 1943 |
Out of service | Assigned to the Royal Navy June 1943. |
Reinstated | Returned August 1945. |
Fate | Sold into mercantile service 24 January 1947. |
United Kingdom | |
Name | Affleck |
Commissioned | 29 September 1943 |
Fate | Returned to the United States Navy in August 1945 |
General characteristics | |
Class and type | Captain-class frigate |
Displacement | 1,800 tons fully loaded |
Length | 306 ft (93 m) overall |
Beam | 36.5 ft (11.1 m) |
Draught | 11 ft (3.4 m) fully loaded |
Speed | 24 knots (44 km/h) |
Endurance | 5,500 nautical miles (10,190 km) at 15 knots (28 km/h) |
Complement | Typically between 170 & 180 |
HMS Affleck was a Captain-class frigate which served during World War II. The ship was named after Sir Edmund Affleck, commander of HMS Bedford at the Moonlight Battle in 1780 during the American Revolutionary War.
Originally destined for the US Navy as a turbo-electric (TE) type Buckley-class destroyer escort, HMS Affleck was provisionally given the name USS Oswald (later this name was reassigned to DE-767). However, the delivery was diverted to the Royal Navy before the launch.
Actions[edit]
HMS Affleck served exclusively with the 1st Escort Group taking part in operations in the North Atlantic, off Normandy, and in the English Channel.
On 19 February 1944, together with HMS Bentley, HMS Affleck picked up 54 survivors from the Panamanian merchant Colin which had been torpedoed and sunk the previous day in the North Atlantic in position 54°16′N 31°58′W / 54.267°N 31.967°W by the German submarine U-859.
On 26 February 1944 in the North Atlantic at position 49°45′N 26°20′W / 49.750°N 26.333°W HMS Affleck, together with HMS Gore and HMS Gould, sank U-91 by the use of depth charges and then by use of main guns. When the damaged U-boat surfaced and tried to ram HMS Affleck, this action resulted in 36 dead and 16 survivors from U-91's crew.
On 1 March 1944 in the Northern Atlantic north of the Azores at position 45°46′N 23°16′W / 45.767°N 23.267°W HMS Affleck together with HMS Gore, HMS Gould and HMS Garlies sank U-358 by the use of depth charges, resulting in 50 dead and 1 survivor from the submarine's crew.
On 16 March 1944 in the Straits of Gibraltar at position 35°55′N 05°41′W / 35.917°N 5.683°W HMS Affleck together with the destroyer HMS Vanoc and three US Catalina aircraft (VP 63) sank U-392 by the use of a hedgehog attack, resulting in 52 dead (all hands) from U-392's crew.
On 25 June 1944 HMS Affleck with HMS Balfour attacked a submarine believed to be U-1191 by the use of depth charges, this resulted in the sinking of the submarine with the loss of all hands. This action took place 25 nautical miles (46 km) south of Start Point. The Kriegsmarine had U-1191 listed as missing (no radio contact) since 12 June 1944.[1]
On 26 December 1944 at 14:14 off the French coast near Cherbourg, U-486 launched three acoustic torpedoes at the 1st Escort Group hitting Affleck and HMS Capel. This resulted in the sinking of Capel. Affleck was towed to port, where the ship was written off as a Constructive Total Loss.
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Affleck was returned to the US Navy in August 1945 in Britain, where she was sold on 24 January 1947 to the Lisbon-based Transcontinental Victory Commercial Corporation Ltd. She was renamed Nostra De La Luz and survived as a hulk until the 1970s.[2]
General information[edit]
- Pennant (UK): K 462
- Pennant (US): DE 71
Citations[edit]
- ^ *McCartney, Innes (2002). Lost patrols : submarine wrecks of the English Channel. Penzance: Periscope. ISBN 978-1-90438-104-4.
- ^ "HMS Affleck". uboat.net. Retrieved 24 May 2018.
References[edit]
- The Captain Class Frigates in the Second World War by Donald Collingwood. published by Leo Cooper (1998), ISBN 0-85052-615-9.
- The Buckley-Class Destroyer Escorts by Bruce Hampton Franklin, published by Chatham Publishing (1999), ISBN 1-86176-118-X.
- Niestle, Axel (1998). German U-Boat Losses During World War II. United States Naval Institute. ISBN 1-55750-641-8.
This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entries can be found here and here.