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{{short description|French WW1 fighter aircraft}}
__NOTOC__
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
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{|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin
{|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin
| name=Type AN
| name=Type AN
| image=Morane-Saulnier ANL French First World War two seat fighter prototype with Liberty 400hp engine (front).jpg
| image=
| caption=
| caption=Morane-Saulnier ANL
}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type
}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type
| type=Fighter
| type=Fighter
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| manufacturer=[[Morane-Saulnier]]
| manufacturer=[[Morane-Saulnier]]
| designer=
| designer=
| first flight=27 October {{avyear|1918}}
| first flight=27 October 1918
| introduced=
| introduced=
| retired=
| retired=
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}}
}}
|}
|}
The '''Morane-Saulnier AN''' was a French fighter prototype of the 1910s that resulted in the development of many other [[Morane-Saulnier]] prototypes.
The '''Morane-Saulnier AN''' or '''MoS.31 C.2''' was a French two seat fighter prototype of the 1910s that resulted in the development of several other unsuccessful [[Morane-Saulnier]] prototypes.


==Development==
==Development==
[[File:Morane-Saulnier ANL French First World War two seat fighter prototype with Liberty 400hp engine (rear quarter).jpg|thumb|Morane-Saulnier ANL French First World War two seat fighter prototype with Liberty 400hp engine (rear quarter)]]
Completed in late 1918, the AN was a two-seat fighter designed to use an unorthodox [[Bugatti u-16]] engine. Large and equi-span, it was a two-bay biplane with a monocoque fuselage.
Completed in late 1918, the AN was a two-seat fighter designed to use an unorthodox [[Bugatti U-16]] engine. Large and with equal span wings, it was a two-bay biplane with a monocoque fuselage.


First tested in late October 1918, the AN was bested by the [[SEA 4]] and [[Breguet 17]] it was competing against particularly in terms of rate of climb, however it showed sufficient promise that a number of variants were developed. It was ordered into production but never entered service as the SEA and Breguet were already entering service and the end of the First World War curtained production requirements.
==Operational history==
First tested in late 1918, the AN displayed bad handling and poor general performance. As such many variants were developed, elaborated below.


==Variants==
==Variants==
* '''Morane-Saulnier ANL''' - First flown in 1919, the ANL had a 400 hp Liberty 12 engine. It was renamed the MoS.32.
* '''Morane-Saulnier AN''' - prototype with 450&nbsp;hp [[Bugatti U-16]] engine and radiator in leading edge of wing.
* '''Morane-Saulnier ANB''' - modification of prototype with Lamblin radiator.
* '''Morane-Saulnier ANR''' -Also flown in 1919, the ANR had a 450 hp Renault 12Kb engine as well as a rear-mounted [[Vickers gun]]. Renamed the MoS.33.
* '''Morane-Saulnier ANS''' -Again making its début in 1919, the ANS was the final incarnation of the AN series. Equipped with a 530 hp Salmson 18Z 18-cylinder radial. Showed promise at testing, however no further production took place.
* '''Morane-Saulnier ANL''' - First flown in 1919, the ANL had a 400&nbsp;hp [[Liberty L-12]] engine.
* '''Morane-Saulnier ANR''' - Also flown in 1919, the ANR had a 450&nbsp;hp [[Renault 12K]]b engine as well as a rear-mounted [[Vickers gun]].
* '''Morane-Saulnier ANS''' - Again making its début in 1919, the ANS was the final incarnation of the AN series. Equipped with a 530&nbsp;hp [[Salmson 18Z]] 18-cylinder radial. Showed promise at testing, however no further production took place.
*'''MoS.31 C.2''' Military designation for AN and ANB.
*'''MoS.32 C.2''' Military designation for ANL.
*'''MoS.33 C.2''' Military designation for ANR.
*'''MoS.34 C.2''' Military designation for ANS.


==Specifications (AN)==
==Specifications (AN)==
[[File:Morane Saulnier AN dwg.jpg|thumb|Morane Saulnier AN drawing]]
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{{Aircraft specs
{{aerospecs
|prime units? = met
|ref=<!-- reference -->
|met or eng?=met
|crew=1
|crew=1
|capacity=
|length m=8.34
|length m=8.34
|length ft=27
|length ft=27
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|span ft=38
|span ft=38
|span in=6
|span in=6
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|swept ft=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept in=<!-- swing-wings -->
|rot number=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot dia m=<!-- helicopters -->
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|rot dia in=<!-- helicopters -->
|dia m=<!-- airships etc -->
|dia ft=<!-- airships etc -->
|dia in=<!-- airships etc -->
|width m=<!-- if applicable -->
|width ft=<!-- if applicable -->
|width in=<!-- if applicable -->
|height m=2.77
|height m=2.77
|height ft=9
|height ft=9
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|wing area sqm=41.00
|wing area sqm=41.00
|wing area sqft=441.33
|wing area sqft=441.33
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|swept area sqft=<!-- swing-wings -->
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|aspect ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|wing profile=<!-- sailplanes -->
|empty weight kg=
|empty weight lb=
|gross weight kg=1770
|gross weight kg=1770
|gross weight lb=3902
|gross weight lb=3902
|lift kg=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|lift lb=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|eng1 number=1
|eng1 number=1
|eng1 type=Bugatti 16-cylinder water-cooled
|eng1 name=[[Bugatti U-16]] 16-cylinder water-cooled
|eng1 kw=336
|eng1 kw=336
|eng1 hp=450
|eng1 hp=450
|eng1 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng1 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
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|eng2 number=
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|max speed kmh=225
|max speed kmh=225
|max speed mph=140
|max speed mph=140
|armament = *1 x forward-firing .303 [[Vickers gun]]
|max speed mach=<!-- supersonic aircraft -->
*2 x rear-mounted .303 [[Lewis gun]]s
|cruise speed kmh=<!-- if max speed unknown -->
|cruise speed mph=<!-- if max speed unknown -->
|stall speed kmh=<!-- aerobatic and STOL aircraft -->
|stall speed mph=<!-- aerobatic and STOL aircraft -->
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|range miles=
|endurance h=
|endurance min=
|ceiling m=
|ceiling ft=
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|armament1=1 x forward-firing .303 [[Vickers gun]]
|armament2=2 x rear-mounted .303 [[Lewis gun]]s
|armament3=
|armament4=
|armament5=
|armament6=
}}
}}


==References==
==References==
{{commons category|Morane-Saulnier AN}}

===Citations===
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

* {{cite book |last=Green |first=William |coauthors= Gordon Swanborough |title=The Complete Book of Fighters |publisher=Salamander Books|location=Godalming, UK|pages=415}}
===Bibliography===
<!-- ==External links== -->
*{{cite book |last1=Davilla |first1=Dr. James J. |last2=Soltan |first2=Arthur M. |title=French Aircraft of the First World War |date=1997 |publisher=Flying Machines Press|location=Stratford, Connecticut |isbn=0-9637110-4-0|name-list-style=amp}}
* {{cite book |author1-last= Green|author1-first= William |author2-last=Swanborough|author2-first=Gordon |title= The Complete Book of Fighters: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Every Fighter Built and Flown |orig-year= 1994 |publisher= Salamander Books |location=London |isbn=1-84065-269-1|name-list-style=amp|year=2001 |edition=Revised and Updated}}
*{{cite book |last1=Lacaze |first1=Henri |last2=Lherbert |first2=Claude |title=Morane Saulnier: ses avions, ses projets |date=2013 |publisher=Lela Presse |location=Outreau, France |isbn=978-2-914017-70-1 |language=fr|name-list-style=amp|trans-title=Morane Saulnier: Their Aircraft and Projects}}
*{{cite book |last1=Owers |first1=Colin A. |title=French Warplanes of WWI: A Centennial Perspective on Great War Airplanes |date=2020 |publisher=Aeronaut Books |location=n.p. |isbn=978-1-935881-93-3|volume=1: Fighters|series=Gret War Aviation Centennial Series (43)}}


{{Morane-Saulnier aircraft}}
{{Morane-Saulnier aircraft}}
{{Aviation lists}}


[[Category:French fighter aircraft 1910-1919]]
[[Category:1910s French fighter aircraft]]
[[Category:Morane-Saulnier aircraft|AN]]
[[Category:Morane-Saulnier aircraft|AN]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1918]]

Latest revision as of 00:12, 20 September 2023

Type AN
Morane-Saulnier ANL
Role Fighter
National origin France
Manufacturer Morane-Saulnier
First flight 27 October 1918

The Morane-Saulnier AN or MoS.31 C.2 was a French two seat fighter prototype of the 1910s that resulted in the development of several other unsuccessful Morane-Saulnier prototypes.

Development[edit]

Morane-Saulnier ANL French First World War two seat fighter prototype with Liberty 400hp engine (rear quarter)

Completed in late 1918, the AN was a two-seat fighter designed to use an unorthodox Bugatti U-16 engine. Large and with equal span wings, it was a two-bay biplane with a monocoque fuselage.

First tested in late October 1918, the AN was bested by the SEA 4 and Breguet 17 it was competing against particularly in terms of rate of climb, however it showed sufficient promise that a number of variants were developed. It was ordered into production but never entered service as the SEA and Breguet were already entering service and the end of the First World War curtained production requirements.

Variants[edit]

  • Morane-Saulnier AN - prototype with 450 hp Bugatti U-16 engine and radiator in leading edge of wing.
  • Morane-Saulnier ANB - modification of prototype with Lamblin radiator.
  • Morane-Saulnier ANL - First flown in 1919, the ANL had a 400 hp Liberty L-12 engine.
  • Morane-Saulnier ANR - Also flown in 1919, the ANR had a 450 hp Renault 12Kb engine as well as a rear-mounted Vickers gun.
  • Morane-Saulnier ANS - Again making its début in 1919, the ANS was the final incarnation of the AN series. Equipped with a 530 hp Salmson 18Z 18-cylinder radial. Showed promise at testing, however no further production took place.
  • MoS.31 C.2 Military designation for AN and ANB.
  • MoS.32 C.2 Military designation for ANL.
  • MoS.33 C.2 Military designation for ANR.
  • MoS.34 C.2 Military designation for ANS.

Specifications (AN)[edit]

Morane Saulnier AN drawing

General characteristics

  • Crew: 1
  • Length: 8.34 m (27 ft 5 in)
  • Wingspan: 11.73 m (38 ft 6 in)
  • Height: 2.77 m (9 ft 1 in)
  • Wing area: 41.00 m2 (441.33 sq ft)
  • Gross weight: 1,770 kg (3,902 lb)
  • Powerplant: 1 × Bugatti U-16 16-cylinder water-cooled , 336 kW (450 hp)

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 225 km/h (140 mph, 120 kn)

Armament

References[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Morane-Saulnier AN.

Citations[edit]

Bibliography[edit]

  • Davilla, Dr. James J. & Soltan, Arthur M. (1997). French Aircraft of the First World War. Stratford, Connecticut: Flying Machines Press. ISBN 0-9637110-4-0.
  • Green, William & Swanborough, Gordon (2001) [1994]. The Complete Book of Fighters: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Every Fighter Built and Flown (Revised and Updated ed.). London: Salamander Books. ISBN 1-84065-269-1.
  • Lacaze, Henri & Lherbert, Claude (2013). Morane Saulnier: ses avions, ses projets [Morane Saulnier: Their Aircraft and Projects] (in French). Outreau, France: Lela Presse. ISBN 978-2-914017-70-1.
  • Owers, Colin A. (2020). French Warplanes of WWI: A Centennial Perspective on Great War Airplanes. Gret War Aviation Centennial Series (43). Vol. 1: Fighters. n.p.: Aeronaut Books. ISBN 978-1-935881-93-3.
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