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{{Short description|American encyclopedia}}
The [[New International Encyclopedia]] was an encyclopedia first published in the [[1910s]]. It was printed in two editons. The first edition was published from [[1902]] to [[1914]] by [[Dodd, Mead and Company]]. The second edition was copyrighted in [[1917]] and afterwards by Dodd, Mead and Company, Inc. The Second Edition contains more volumes than the First Edition.
{{italic title}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2023}}
{{Use American English|date=October 2023}}
'''''The New International Encyclopedia''''' was an American encyclopedia first published in 1902 by [[Dodd, Mead & Co.]]. It descended from the ''International Cyclopaedia'' (1884) and was updated in 1906, 1914 and 1926.


== History ==
The [[1926]] output was printed in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]] by [[The University Press]]. Boston Bookbinding Company of Cambridge produced the covers. Thirteen books enclosing twenty-three volumes comprise the encyclopedia, which includes a supplement after Volume 23. Each book contains about 1600 pages.
[[File:NIE 1903 - v. 8, p. 001.jpg|thumb|upright=0.9|First edition, volume eight]]


''The New International Encyclopedia'' was the successor of the ''International Cyclopaedia'' (1884). Initially, ''The International Cyclopaedia'' was largely a reprint of Alden's ''Library of Universal Knowledge'', which itself was a reprint of the British ''[[Chambers's Encyclopaedia]]''. The title was changed to ''The New International Encyclopedia'' in 1902, with editors [[Harry Thurston Peck]], [[Daniel Coit Gilman]] and [[Frank Moore Colby]].{{sfn|Walsh|1968|p=120}}
A great deal of biographic material is recorded in the New International Encyclopedia. The supplement includes a short paragraph on the activities of a [[Bavarian]] named [[Adolf Hitler]] from 1920-24. Many of the names which are used to describe the scientific identities of plants and animals are now obsolete.


The encyclopedia was popular and reprints were made in 1904, 1905, 1907 (corrected and expanded to 20 volumes), 1909 and 1911. The 2nd edition appeared from 1914 to 1917 in 24 volumes. With Peck and Gilman deceased, Colby was joined by a new editor, [[Talcott Williams]].{{sfn|Walsh|1968|p=120}} This edition was set up from new type and thoroughly revised. It was very strong in biography.<ref>{{cite book|year=1988|title=The Encyclopedia Americana|page=333|volume=10}}</ref>
Numerous colorful maps which display the nations, states, colonies, and protectorates which existed early in the 20th century are included. The maps are valuable for their depictions of national and colonial borders in Europe, Asia, and Africa at the time of [[World War One]]. Drawings, illustrations, and photographs are plentiful, too.


A third edition was published in 1923, however this was mostly a reprint with the addition of a history of the [[First World War]] in volume 24, which had previously been a reading and study guide. A two-volume supplement was published in 1925 and was incorporated into the 1927 reprint, which had 25 volumes. There was a further two-volume supplement in 1930 along with another reprint.{{sfn|Walsh|1968|p=121}}
==Contributors and Office Editors==
More than five-hundred educated men and some women submitted and composed the information contained in the New International Encyclopedia.


The final edition, in 1935, was published by [[Funk & Wagnalls]]. This edition included another updated supplement, authored by Herbert Treadwell Wade. Some material from ''The New International'' would be incorporated into future books published by Funk and Wagnalls such as ''[[Funk & Wagnalls Standard Encyclopaedia]]''.{{sfn|Walsh|1968|p=121}}
:Editors of the First Edition
*[[Daniel Coit Gilman]], LL.D., President of Johns Hopkins University (1876-1901), President of Carnegie Institution.
* [[Harry Thurston Peck]], Ph. D., L.H.D.
* [[Frank Moore Colby]], M. A., Formerly Professor in [[New York University]].


The 1926 material was printed in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]], by [[Yale University Press]]. Boston Bookbinding Company of Cambridge produced the covers. Thirteen books enclosing 23 volumes comprise the encyclopedia, which includes a supplement after Volume 23. Each book contains around 1600 pages.<ref>{{cite book|last=Graham|first=B.|date=1928|title=Bookman's Manual|page=28}}</ref>
:Editors of the Second Edition
* Frank Moore Colby, M. A.
*[[Talcott Williams]], LL.D., L.H.D., Litt. D. Director of the School of Journalism, [[Columbia, University]].


Like other encyclopedias of the time, ''The New International'' had a yearly supplement, ''The New International Yearbook'', beginning in 1908. Like the encyclopedia itself, this publication was sold to Funk and Wagnalls in 1931. It was edited by Frank Moore Colby until his death in 1925, and then by Wade. In 1937, [[Frank Horace Vizetelly]] became editor.{{sfn|Walsh|1968|p=121}} The yearbook outlasted the parent encyclopedia, running to 1966.<ref>{{cite book|editor-last=Colby|editor-first=Frank Moore|year=1908|title=The New International Yearbook: A Compendium of the World's Progress for the Year|publisher=Dodd, Mead & Co.|oclc=183333553}}</ref>
:::'''EXAMPLES'''
* [[Washington Irving Lincoln Adams]] (Photography).
* [[Mary Warren Allen]], (Bibliographer).
* [[Samuel Angus]], Ph.D., Professor of Hellenistic Greek, Hartford Theological Seminary. (Ostraka, etc.).
* [[Edith Arrowsmith]], (Department of Reader's Handbook).
* [[Robert Arrowsmith]], Ph. D., Formerly Professor of Latin and Greek, Teachers College, Columbia University. (Department of Reader's Handbook).
* [[Maurice Bloomfield]], Ph. D., LL. D., Professor of Sanskrit and Comparative Philology, Johns Hopkins University. (Topics in Oriental Literature).
* Mrs. [[Ella A. Boole]], Ph. D., President New York State W. C. T. U. (Woman's Christian Temperance Union and other articles).
* [[Demarchus C. Brown]], M. A. (Indiana State librarian).
* [[Alexander F. Chamberlain]], Ph. D., Professor of anthropology, Clark University. (South American Indian tribes and Peoples; Asiatic tribes and Peoples).
* [[Colby Mitchell Chester]], Rear-Admiral United States Navy (Naval Observatory)
* [[Wynfrid Laurence Henry Duckworth]], M.D., Sc. D., M. A., Fellow of Jesus College, Cambridge, England; University Lecturer in Physical Anthropology, and Senior Demonstrator of Human Anatomy. (Man, Science of).
* [[A. A. Goldenweiser]], Ph. D., Instructor in Anthropology, Columbia University. (Animism and Ancestor worship).
* [[William Everett Hooper]], Associate Editor, ''Railway Age Gazette'', (Supervisor of Department of Railways).
* [[Wolfgang L. G. Joerg]], Assistant Editor of the ''Bulletin of the American Geographical Society'', (Topics in Geography).
* [[Joseph J. Kral]], (Topics in Gazateer).
* [[William S. Lahey]], B. Lit. (Jersey City).
* [[Charles F. Marvin]], Chief of the United States Weather Bureau. (Meteorology).
* [[Charles W. Mead]], Assistant Curator of Anthropology, Department of Arch&aelig;ology, American Museum of Natural History, New York. (Peruvian Antiquities).
* [[Nelson P. Mead]], Ph. D., Assistant Professor of History, College of the City of New York. (War in Europe).
* [[Grace A. Owen]], (Topics in Modern History).
* [[Walter Pach]], B. A., (Biographies in Painting and Sculpture).
* [[Harry Fielding Reid]], C. E., Ph. D., Professor of Dynamical Geology and Geography, Johns Hopkins University. {Glacier).
* [[Paul Samuel Reinsch]], Ph. D., Formerly Professor of Political Science, [[University of Wisconsin]]; United States Minister to China. (Political Science).
* [[J. Salwyn Schapiro]], Ph. D., Assistant Professor of History, The College of the City of New York. (Modern History).
* [[Munro Smith]], J.U.D., LL. D., Professor of Roman Law and Comparative Jurisprudence, Columbia University. (Topics in European Law).
* [[Preserved Smith]], Author of ''The Life and Letters of Martin Luther''.
* [[Ralph S. Thompson]], (Music and Biography).
* [[Frank Weitenkampf]], L. H. D., Chief, Arts and Prints Division, New York Public Library. (Mezzotint; Meryon).
* [[R. H. Whitbeck]]. A. B., Professor of Geography, University of Wisconsin. (New Jersey{Physiographic Portion}).
* Miss [[Elizabeth Wilson]], Secretarial Department, National Board, [[Young Women's Christian Association]]. (Young Women's Christian Association).
* [[Levi Edgar Young]], Professor of History, [[University of Utah]]. (Mormons).


More than 500 men and women submitted and composed the information contained in ''The New International Encyclopedia''.
==Foreign-born in certain places in 1910==
An account of the number of foreign-born people living in certain places is given for the year [[1910]].


== Volumes ==
* [[Baltimore, Maryland]]
{| align="center" class="wikitable"
:: 77, 043 (Total population, 558,485)
|+ {{cite book |year=1905 |title=The New International Encyclopædia |editor1-last=Gilman |editor1-first=Daniel Coit |editor2-last=Peck |editor2-first=Harry Thurston |editor3-last=Colby |editor3-first=Frank Moore |location=New York |publisher=Dodd, Mead and Co. |ref=none}}
* [[Chicago, Illinois]] (Includes foreign birth '''or parentage''').
!vol||Edition||[https://archive.org/about/about.php Internet Archive]||[[Wikisource]] (incomplete) ||Year ||From ||&nbsp;–&nbsp;||To ||Notes
::1,693,918 (Total population, approximately 2,189,520)
|-
* [[Indianapolis, Indiana]]
| 1||1st||[https://archive.org/details/newinternational01gilm IA 1] ||[[s:The New International Encyclopædia/Volume I A - Aristogoras|WS 1]] ||1905 ||A ||&nbsp;–&nbsp;|| Aristogoras ||
::19,767 (Total population, 233,650)
|-
* [[Kansas City, Kansas]]
| 2||1st||[https://archive.org/details/newinternational02gilm IA 2]
::10,344 (Total population, 82,331)
||[[s:The New International Encyclopædia/Volume II Aristarchus - Bessières|WS 2]] ||1905 ||Aristarchus ||&nbsp;–&nbsp;|| Bessières ||
* [[Los Angeles, California]]
|-
::60,000 (Total population, 319,918)
| 3||1st||[https://archive.org/details/newinternational03gilm IA 3]||[[s:The New International Encyclopædia/Volume III Bessus - Cairns|WS 3]] ||1905 ||Bessus ||&nbsp;–&nbsp;|| Cairns ||
* [[Minneapolis, Minnesota]]
|-
::85,938 (Total population, 301,408)
| 4||1st||[https://archive.org/details/newinternational04gilm IA 4] ||[[s:The New International Encyclopædia/Volume IV Cairo - Classification of Ships|WS 4]] ||1905 ||Cairo ||&nbsp;–&nbsp;|| Classification of Ships ||
* [[New Orleans, Louisiana]]
|-
::27,686 (Total population, 339,075)
| 5||1st||[https://archive.org/details/newinternational05gilm IA 5] ||[[s:The New International Encyclopædia/Volume V Classis - Da Vinci|WS 5]] ||1905 ||Classis ||&nbsp;–&nbsp;|| Da Vinci ||
* [[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]]
|-
::140,436 (Total population, 533,905)
| 6||1st||[https://archive.org/details/newinternational06gilm IA 6] ||[[s:The New International Encyclopædia/Volume VI Davioud - Ellery|WS 6]] ||1905 || Davioud ||&nbsp;–&nbsp;|| Ellery ||
* [[Saint Louis, Missouri]]
|-
::125,706 (Total population, 687,029).
| 7||1st||[https://archive.org/details/newinternational07gilm IA 7] ||[[s:The New International Encyclopædia/Volume VII Ellesmere - Fontanel|WS 7]] ||1905 || Ellesmere ||&nbsp;–&nbsp;|| Fontanel ||
* [[United States of America|United States]]
|-
:::'''Foreign-born white'''
| 8||1st|| Not available ||[[s:The New International Encyclopædia/Volume VIII Fontanes - Goethe|WS 8]] ||1903 || Fontanes ||&nbsp;–&nbsp;|| Goethe ||{{smalldiv|1=Alternatives<br/>[[Google Books]]:
::13,345,545 (Sixteen per cent of the total population of white people in the nation). (Total population in the nation, 91,972,266, of which 68,386,412 were native white people)
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=KT4rAAAAMAA GB 8] (this volume is not universally accessible).
:::Foreign-born white males in 1910, 7,523,788
1903 edition, from the Ontario Council of University Libraries digitized in 2009, in the Internet Archive:
:::Foreign-born white females in 1910, 5,821,757
* [https://archive.org/stream/newinternationa07gilm#page/n5/mode/2up IA 7 (1903)] Ethics – Fuller, Maitland
::(In [[1900]], 10,213,817 foreign-born white people existed).
* [https://archive.org/stream/newinternationa08gilm#page/n3/mode/2up IA 8 (1903)] Fullers Earth – Halithrum}}
|-
| 9||1st||[https://archive.org/details/newinternational09gilm IA 9] ||[[s:The New International Encyclopædia/Volume IX Goethite - Heritable Jurisdictions|WS 9]] ||1905 ||Goethite ||&nbsp;–&nbsp;|| Heritable Jurisdictions ||
|-
|10||1st||[https://archive.org/details/newinternational10gilm IA 10] ||[[s:The New International Encyclopædia/Volume X Herjulfson - Ishpeming|WS 10]] ||1905 ||Herjulfson ||&nbsp;–&nbsp;|| Ishpeming ||
|-
|11||1st||[https://archive.org/details/newinternational11gilm IA 11] ||[[s:The New International Encyclopædia/Volume XI Ishtar - Latitudinarians|WS 11]] ||1905 || Ishtar ||&nbsp;–&nbsp;|| Latitudinarians ||
|-
|12||1st||[https://archive.org/details/newinternational12gilm IA 12] ||[[s:The New International Encyclopædia/Volume XII Latium - Manna|WS 12]] ||1905 ||Latium ||&nbsp;–&nbsp;|| Manna ||
|-
|13||1st||[https://archive.org/details/newinternational13gilm IA 13] ||[[s:The New International Encyclopædia/Volume XIII Manna-Croup - Morganitic Marriage|WS 13]] ||1905 ||Manna-Croup ||&nbsp;–&nbsp;|| Morganatic Marriage ||
|-
|14||1st||[https://archive.org/details/newinternational14gilm IA 14] ||[[s:The New International Encyclopædia/Volume XIV Morgan City - Omul|WS 14]] ||1905 ||Morgan City ||&nbsp;–&nbsp;|| Omul ||
|-
|15||1st||[https://archive.org/details/newinternational15gilm IA 15] ||[[s:The New International Encyclopædia/Volume XV Ona - Pickering|WS 15]] ||1905 ||Ona ||&nbsp;–&nbsp;|| Pickering ||{{smaller|The Internet Archive edition is missing pp. 6-7, but see [https://archive.org/details/newinternational15gilm the 1906 volume for the first edition] at [[Google Books]], which appears to be about the same thing, and does have these pages.}}
|-
|16||1st||[https://archive.org/details/newinternational16gilm IA 16]
||[[s:The New International Encyclopædia/Volume XVI Pickersgill - Reid|WS 16]] ||1905 ||Pickersgill ||&nbsp;–&nbsp;|| Reid ||
|-
|17||1st||[https://archive.org/details/newinternational17gilm IA 17] ||[[s:The New International Encyclopædia/Volume XVII Reifferscheid - Servian Wall|WS 17]] ||1905 ||Reifferscheid ||&nbsp;–&nbsp;|| Servian Wall ||
|-
|18||1st||[https://archive.org/details/newinternational18gilm IA 18] ||[[s:The New International Encyclopædia/Volume XVIII Service-berry - Tagus|WS 18]] ||1905 ||Service-berry ||&nbsp;–&nbsp;|| Tagus ||
|-
|19||1st||[https://archive.org/details/newinternational19gilm IA 19]
||[[s:The New International Encyclopædia/Volume XIX Taharka - Vampire|WS 19]] ||1905 ||Taharka ||&nbsp;–&nbsp;|| Vampire ||
|-
|20||1st||[https://archive.org/details/newinternational20gilm IA 20] ||[[s:The New International Encyclopædia/Volume XX Van - Zyrians|WS 20]] ||1905 ||Van ||&nbsp;–&nbsp;|| Zyrians ||
|}


*[http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/008920577 2nd ed. at Princeton (1914-16; complete)] on the [https://www.hathitrust.org/about HathiTrust] website
==Negroes in certain places in 1910==
An account of the number of [[Negro|negro]]es living in certain places is given for the year [[1910]].


{|align="center" class="wikitable"
* [[Baltimore, Maryland]]
|+''New International Encyclopedia'' (incomplete)
::85,098 (Total population, 558,485)
!Volume ||Edition||Year||copyright last||From ||&nbsp;–&nbsp;||To
* [[Chicago, Illinois]]
|-
::44,103 (Total population, approximately 2,189,520)
|[https://archive.org/details/newinternational008259mbp Volume 3] ||2nd ||1928 ||[1924] ||Bazaine||&nbsp;–&nbsp;||Brock
* [[Indianapolis, Indiana]]
|-
::21,816 (Total population, 233,650)
|[https://archive.org/details/newinternational008650mbp Volume 4] ||2nd|| 1928 ||[1924] ||Brockelmann||&nbsp;–&nbsp;||Chaeremon
* [[Kansas City, Kansas]]
|-
::9,286 (Total population, 82,331)
|[https://archive.org/details/newinternationa30unkngoog Volume 5] ||2nd ||1914 ||
* [[Los Angeles, California]]
||Chæronia||&nbsp;–&nbsp;||Consuelo
::7,000 (Total population, 319,198)
|-
* [[Mobile, Alabama]]
|[https://archive.org/details/newinternational008600mbp Volume 6] ||2nd ||1928 || ||Consul||&nbsp;–&nbsp;||Didymograptus
::22,763, or 44 per cent of the 51,521 total population
|-
* [[New Orleans, Louisiana]]
|[https://archive.org/details/newinternational008644mbp Volume 8] ||2nd || ||[1922] ||Enteritis||&nbsp;–&nbsp;||Foraker
::89,262 (Total population, 339,075)
|-
* [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]]
|[https://archive.org/details/newinternational008706mbp Volume 10] ||2nd ||1928 ||[1922] ||Glacial||&nbsp;–&nbsp;||Havre de Grace
::84,549 (Total population, 1,549,008)
|-
* [[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]]
|[https://archive.org/details/newinternationa31unkngoog Volume 12] ||2nd ||1915 ||
::34,217 (Total population, 533,905)
||Imaginary||&nbsp;–&nbsp;||Jouy
* [[Saint Louis, Missouri]]
|-
::43,960 (Total population, 687,029)
|[https://books.google.com/books?id=qxooAAAAYAAJ Volume 13] ||2nd ||1915 ||[1915] ||Jovanovich||&nbsp;–&nbsp;||Leprohon
* [[United States of America|United States]]
|-
::9,827,763 (Total population, 91,972,366)
|[https://archive.org/details/newinternationa34unkngoog Volume 17] ||2nd|| 1916 ||
||Newfoundland||&nbsp;–&nbsp;||Panjab
|-
|[https://books.google.com/books?id=KgEoAAAAYAAJ Volume 18] ||2nd|| 1916 || ||Panjabi||&nbsp;–&nbsp;||Poliziano
|-
|[https://books.google.com/books?id=qgAoAAAAYAAJ Volume 19] ||2nd|| 1916 ||[1916] ||Polk||&nbsp;–&nbsp;||Rigging
|-
|[https://archive.org/details/newinternationa36unkngoog Volume 20] ||2nd ||1916 ||[1916] ||Riggs||&nbsp;–&nbsp;||Shilluck
|-
|[https://archive.org/details/newinternationa32unkngoog Volume 21] ||2nd ||1916 ||
||Shiloh||&nbsp;–&nbsp;||Tarsus
|-
|[https://archive.org/details/newinternationa35unkngoog Volume 22] ||2nd ||1916 ||
||Tartaglia||&nbsp;–&nbsp;||Valiant
|-
|[https://archive.org/details/newinternational008290mbp Volume 24] ||Sup ||1930 ||1930
||Abbe||&nbsp;–&nbsp;||Lyons
|-
|[https://archive.org/details/newinternational008261mbp Volume 25] ||Sup ||1930 ||[1930]||Municipal||&nbsp;–&nbsp;||Zweig
|}


== References ==
==Statements on foreign-born and [[Negro|negro]]es living in certain places==
=== Citations ===
Alternately, or additionally in some cases, generalized accounts of the ethnic identities of the residents of certain places is given for the early years of the twentieth century, (i. e., circa [[1910]]), expressed as a paragraph or a sentence.
{{Reflist}}


=== Sources ===
:::'''CIRCA 1910'''.
{{refbegin}}
* [[Atlanta, Georgia]] (for the year [[1900]])
* {{cite book |last = Walsh |first = S. P. |year = 1968 |title = Anglo-American general encyclopedias: a historical bibliography, 1703–1967 |location = [[New York City|New York]], [[New York (state)|NY]] |publisher = [[R. R. Bowker|Bowker]] |oclc = 577541 }}
::Population in [[1900]], 89,872, including 2,500 persons of foreign birth and 35,900 of [[Negro|negro]] descent.
{{refend}}
* [[Baltimore, Maryland]]
::The thirteenth census ([[1910]]) of the [[United States]] gave the total population of Baltimore as 558,485, divided into 118,851 families, occupying 101,905 dwellings. Of this number, 268,195 were males and 290,290 were females; 481,442 were native born and 77,043 were foreign born. The total number of whites was 473,387 and of [[colored]] 85,098. Of the native whites, 261,474 had native parents and 134,870 had foreign parents.
* [[Boston, Massachusetts]]
::While it is claimed for Boston that it still retains its old [[United States|American]] spirit and character, the city has a larger foreign element than many other large American cities. The percentage of people of foreign birth in [[1890]] was 35.37, and those of foreign parentage constituted 60.9; while in [[1900]] the former constituted 34.8 per cent, and in [[1910]] 35.9 per cent, of the total population. Of the foreign nationalities, the [[Ireland|Irish]] are most strongly represented. The largest immigration of Irish took place in the decade [[1845]]-[[1855|55]], the immigrants settling in the once fashionable section of the North End. The [[Scotland|Scottish]], [[England|English]], and [[Germany|German]]s are represented in much smaller numbers, while in later years the immigration has been made up largely of [[Italy|Italian]]s and [[Jews|Russian Jews]], the latter having taken the place of the Irish in the North End of the city. The [[colored]] population is very small, having been less than 12,000 in [[1900]] and under 14,000 in [[1910]].
* [[Chicago, Illinois]]
::The city had increased in [[1870]] to 298,977, ranking fifth among [[United States|American]] cities; in [[1880]], to 503,185, ranking fourth; in [[1890]] to 1,099,850, ranking second; in [[1900]], to 1,698,575; and in [[1910]], to 2,185,283, still ranking second. (The exact number of people is unknown, however, due to the rapid increases).


== External links ==
::Chicago has a remarkably high per cent (36) of foreign-born population, and of the native-born, 54 per cent are of foreign parentage. Of the foreign nationalities the [[Germany|German]]s are most numerous, aggregating more than twice the number of [[Irish]], the latter having shown an inclination to remain in the [[Eastern]] towns. The numbers of those who are of foreign birth '''or parentage''' are given in the following list after the names of the countries from whence they were derived: [[Germany]], 501,832; [[Austria]], 227,958; [[Ireland]], 204,821; [[England]] and [[Scotland]], 85,894; [[Canada]], 66,453; [[Russia]], 184,757; [[Scandinavia|Scandinavian countries]], 184,747; and various other countries of [[Europe]], 303,909; making a total under this classification (exclusive of Canadians) of 1,693,918, i. e., about 77 and one-half per cent of the entire population of the city. The population rose to 2,701,705 in [[1920]], an increase of approximately 23 per cent. 44,103 [[Negro|negro]]es were enumerated in [[1910]].
* {{Wikisource-inline|NIE|''The New International Encyclopedia''}}
* [[Cleveland, Ohio]]
::There are few [[Negro|negro]]es, but many foreigners, the foreign born in [[1910]] numbering 195,700, or more than one-third of the total. (Population in [[1910]], 560,663). Among the foreign born the [[Germany|German]]s are predominant, constituting in [[1910]] about 29 per cent. [[Bohemia]]ns and other [[Slav]]s come next with 18 per cent, and thereafter the [[Hungarian]]s with 11 per cent, the [[Russians]] with 9 per cent, the [[Irish people|Irish]] with 8 per cent, the [[English people|English]] with 6 per cent, the [[Italian people|Italian]]s with 4 per cent, and the [[Canadian]]s with less than 4 per cent. The native whites of foreign parents numbered 171,560, and with the foreign-born inhabitants made up 75 per cent of the city's population.
* [[Detroit, Michigan]]
::(The total population accelerated from 285,704 in [[1900]] to 465,466 in [[1910]] and to 993,739 in [[1920]]). (The following information may indicate the 1910 figures, not those of 1920, despite the wording). Of the last, 156,565 were foreign born, the [[Germany|German]] and [[Canadian]] elements being the largest. About two-thirds of the native born were native white of foreign parents. The [[colored]] population numbered only 5,741.
* [[Kansas City, Missouri]]
::Of the population, 61.8 per cent are white of native parents, 18.3 percent white with foreign or mixed parents, and 9.5 per cent [[Negro|negro]]. (Total population in [[1910]], 248,381).
* [[New Orleans, Louisiana]]
::There were 27,686 persons of foreign birth and 89,262 [[Negro|negro]]es. Of the former, about 8000 were [[Italian people|Italian]]s, 6000 [[German people|German]]s, 3600 [[French people|French]], and 3000 [[Irish peole|Irish]].
* [[City of New York|New York City]]
::In [[1910]], the foreign-born whites numbered 1,927,703, or 40.4 percent of the total population of the city. In [[Manhattan]] alone, 47.4 per cent of the population was foreign born. The [[Negro|negro]] population in [[1910]] numbered 91,709.
* [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]]
::Of the white population 61.9 per cent is of foreign parentage, but native whites of foreign parentage comprise 32 per cent of the entire population. The [[Negro|negro]]es numbered 84,549 in [[1910]]; [[Han Chinese|Chinese]], [[Japanese people|Japanese]], and [[Native Americans|Indians]], 1,177. The largest classes of [[European]] descent are [[Irish people|Irish]], [[German people|German]], [[Russian people|Russian]], [[English people|English]], and [[Italian people|Italian]]. [[French people|French]], [[Greek people|Greek]]s, [[Armenian]]s, [[Hungarian]]s, [[Bohemia]]ns, and [[Polish|Poles]] are present in lesser numbers. (In [[1910]], 1,549,008 people lived in Philadelphia).
* [[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]]
::In [[1910]], 393,469 were native born, 140,436 foreign born, and 191,483 of foreign or mixed parentage. The great industries of the Pittsburgh district draw this large alien population. The [[colored]] population in [[1910]] was 34,217, or 6.4 percent of a total population of 533,905.
* [[Saint Louis, Missouri]]
::From [[1810]], the date of the first Federal census, to [[1880]], the totals include with the city of Saint Louis the population of Saint Louis County, which in [[1880]] was separately enumerated at 31,888. The great growth between [[1840]] (35,979) and [[1850]] (104,978) had for one of its causes the [[Germany|German]] [[emigration]] following the [[revolution of 1848|revolutionary movement of 1848]]. This influence has been continuous. In [[1910]], 47,765 out of the total of 125,706 foreign-born residents of the city were natives of the [[German Empire]]. This was 38 per cent, exclusive of [[Austrian]]s of German race. In [[1910]], 11.3 per cent of the foreign-born population was of [[Ireland|Irish]] nativity, 4.1 per cent of [[England|English]], 12.3 per cent of [[Russia|Russian]], 6 of [[Italy|Italian]], and 8.8 of [[Austrian]]. Although the total of foreign-born is comparatively small, the native population born of white foreign parents is 246,946, the native population born of native white parents being 269,836. The [[Negro|negro]] population was 43,960. (In [[1910]], 687,029 people lived in the city).
* [[San Francisco, California]]
::In [[1910]], San Francisco had a population of 416,912, 50.3 per cent of the population being native whites, 43.1 per cent foreign-born whites, and 6.4 per cent belonging to [[colored]] races. There were 24,137 [[German people|German]]s, 23,151 [[Irish people|Irish]], 9,815 [[English people|English]], 6,244 [[French people|French]], 4,641 [[Austrian]]s, 10,582 [[Han Chinese|Chinese]], and 6,988 [[Japanese people|Japanese]]. The number of Chinese is diminishing, while the Japanese are increasing slowly or not at all. The Chinese are segregated in a quarter of their own, which has been rebuilt since the fire with almost, if not all, of its former charm and color, while Japanese colonies may be found in several parts of the city.
* [[United States of America|United States]]
:::'''1920 census''' (Total population, 105,710,620)
::White, 94,820,915
:::Native white, total, 81,108,161
:::Foreign-born white, 13,712,754
::[[Negro]], 10,463,131
::[[American Indian|Indian]], 244,437
::[[Han Chinese|Chinese]], 61,639
::Japanese, 111,010
::All other, 9,488
* [[Washington, D. C.]]
::In [[1915]] the population of the district was 357,749; of whom 258,940 were white and 98,809 were [[colored]].


{{Authority control}}
==Foreign-born by States in 1910==
* [[New Hampshire]] The population per square mile in [[1910]] was 47.7. The State lost largely in the latter part of the nineteenth century through immigration to the Western States, but in recent years this outflow has been offset to a considerable extent by the increase in immigration of foreign-born population, particularly [[French Canadian]]s. The urban population, i. e., that of places of 2500 or more, was, in [[1910]], 255,099, and the rural population, 175,473. The native whites of native parentage in that year were 230,231; the native whites of foreign or mixed parentage, 103,177; the foreign-born whites 96,558. Of the foreign-born whites the largest number came from [[Canada]] and [[Ireland]]. By sex the population was divided in [[1910]] into 216,290 males and 214,282 females. The males of voting age numbered 136,668.
* [[Utah]] In [[1910]] it ranked forty-first amongst the States in population. (Total: 373,351). The [[negro]] population numbered 1,444, the [[American Indian|Indian]] 3,123, and the [[Japanese people|Japanese]] 2,110. The native whites numbered 303,190 and the foreign-born whites 63,393. Among the foreign born, the English were by far the most numerous; the Danes numbered 8,300, the Swedes, 7,227, and the Greeks 4,039.


{{DEFAULTSORT:New International Encyclopedia, The}}
==Railroads==
[[Category:20th-century encyclopedias]]
The names of many of the railroads which had existed early in the twentieth century are mentioned at thousands of place names.
[[Category:1902 non-fiction books]]
::::'''EXAMPLES'''
[[Category:1906 non-fiction books]]
* [[Toledo, Ohio]] - "It is the terminus of a number of railroads, among which are the [[Pennsylvania Railroad|Pennsylvania]], the [[Hocking Valley Railroad|Hocking Valley]], the [[Clover Leaf Railroad|Clover Leaf]], the [[Pere Marquette Railroad|Pere Marquette]], and the [[Grand Trunk Railroad|Grand Trunk]]. In all there are 17 railroads operating 22 divisions, 12 electric interurban, and five passenger steamship lines connecting with [[Detroit, Michigan|Detroit]], [[Mackinaw City, Michigan|Mackinaw]], [[Duluth, Minnesota|Duluth]], and [[Chicago, Illinois|Chicago]]."
[[Category:1914 non-fiction books]]
* [[River Rouge, Michigan]] - "... on the [[Detroit and Toledo Shore Railroad|Detroit and Toledo Shore]] and the [[Michigan Central Railroad|Michigan Central]] railroads."
[[Category:1926 non-fiction books]]
* [[Albuquerque, New Mexico]] - "... on the [[Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railroad|Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe]] and the [[Santa Fe and New Mexico Central Railroad|Santa Fe and New Mexico Central]] railroads."
[[Category:American encyclopedias]]
* [[Pocatello, Idaho]] - "... on the [[Oregon Short Line Railroad|Oregon Short Line]]."
[[Category:Dodd, Mead & Co. books]]
* [[Fairbanks, Alaska]] - The [[Tanana Valley Railroad]], 45 miles (72 km) in length, connects it with [[Chena, Alaska|Chena]] (pop., 138 in 1910), and with the principal mining camps.... Among the railway lines to be built by the United States, under the Act of Congress of April, 1914, the principal section is one from [[Chitina, Alaska|Chitina]] to Fairbanks, 313 miles (504 km), at a cost of $14,000,000.
[[Category:English-language encyclopedias]]
* [[Saskatoon, Saskatchewan]] - "... on the [[Canadian Pacific Railroad|Canadian Pacific]], [[Canadian Northern Railroad|Canadian Northern]], and [[Grand Trunk Pacific Railroad|Grand Trunk Pacific]] railroads...."
[[Category:Reference works in the public domain]]
* [[Fredericton, New Brunswick]] - "... on the [[Canadian Pacific Railroad|Canadian Pacific]] and the [[Intercolonial Railroad|Intercolonial]] railroads ...."
* [[Salem, Oregon]] - "... on the [[Southern Pacific Railroad|Southern Pacific]], the [[Oregon Pacific Railroad|Oregon Pacific]], and the [[Salem Falls City and Western Railroad|Salem Falls City and Western]] railroads."
* [[Seattle, Washington]] - It is a terminal point for eight transcontinental railways, four of which (the [[Great Northern Railroad|Great Northern]], [[Northern Pacific Railroad|Northern Pacific]], [[Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul Railroad|Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul]], and the [[Union Pacific-Oregon-Washington Railroad|Union Pacific-Oregon-Washington]]) enter the city upon their own rails. Other railways have connections with these lines, while the [[Canadian Pacific Railroad|Canadian Pacific]] and [[Grand Trunk Railroad|Grand Trunk]] make connection by water, the former also by rail. Two electric interurban lines and one short local railway, the [[Columbia and Puget Sound Railroad|Columbia and Puget Sound]], also enter the city.
* [[Bakersfield, California]] - "... on the [[Southern Pacific Railroad|Southern Pacific]] and the [[Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railroad|Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe]] railroads ..."
* [[California, Missouri]] - "... on the [[Missouri Pacific Railroad]]...."
* [[Central City, Colorado]] - "... on the [[Colorado and Southern Railroad]] ...."
* [[Chadron, Nebraska]] _ "... on the [[Chicago and Northwestern Railroad]] ...."
* [[Hammond, Louisiana]] - "... on the [[Illinois Central Railroad|Illinois Central]] and the [[Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Railroad|Yazoo and Mississippi Valley]] railroads."
* [[Fort Payne, Alabama]] - "... on the [[Alabama Great Southern Railroad]]."
* [[Key West, Florida]] - The city is on the [[Florida East Coast Railroad]]....
* [[Charlotte, North Carolina]] - "... on the [[Southern Railroad|Southern]], the [[Piedmont and Northern Railroad|Piedmont and Northern]], the [[Norfolk Southern Railroad|Norfolk Southern]], and the [[Seaboard Air-line Railroad|Seaboard Air-line]] railroads ...."
* [[Orrville, Ohio]] - "... on the [[Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne and Chicago Railroad|Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne and Chicago]], the [[Cleveland, Akron and Cincinnati Railroad|Cleveland, Akron and Cincinnati]], and the [[Wheeling and Lake Erie Railroad|Wheeling and Lake Erie]] railroads."
* [[Allegheny, Pennsylvania]] - "...is the terminus of the [[Western Pennsylvania Railroad|Western Pennsylvania]], the [[Pittsburgh and Western Railroad|Pittsburgh and Western]], and the [[Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburgh Railroad|Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburgh]] railroads; and is on the [[Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne and Chicago Railroad|Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne and Chicago]], the [[Cleveland and Pittsburgh Railroad|Cleveland and Pittsburgh]], the [[Pittsburgh and Erie Railroad|Pittsburgh and Erie]], and the [[Pittsburgh and Newcastle Railroad|Pittsburgh and Newcastle]] railroads, all of which belong to the Western Division of the [[Pennsylvania Railroad|Pennsylvania]] system."
* [[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]] (Pittsburgh annexed Allegheny, Pennsylvania in 1906-1911.) "...22 railroads, comprising the [[Pennsylvania Railroad|Pennsylvania System]], [[New York Central Railroad|New York Central]] lines, [[Baltimore and Ohio Railroad|Baltimore and Ohio]], [[Bessemer Railroad|Bessemer]], the [[Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburgh Railroad|Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburgh]], and the [[Wabash Railroad|Wabash]] railroads." (A handful of freight yards existed including one in "..Sheridan for the [[Pan Handle Railroad|Pan Handle]] lines....")
:In 2005, the well-constructed, sturdy Pan Handle (Railroad) bridge is an important transit bridge which carries electric trolleys (streetcars) across the [[Monongahela River|Monongahela]] river. It is the third-to-last bridge over that river before the river meets with the [[Allegheny River|Allegheny]] to form the [[Ohio River|Ohio]] river.
* [[Uniontown, Pennsylvania]] - "...on the [[Pennsylvania Railroad|Pennsylvania]] and the [[Baltimore and Ohio Railroad|Baltimore and Ohio]] railroads."

==Pony Express Fees==
* At first the cost was $5.00 for a &frac12;-ounce (15.55 gm) letter; later the charge was reduced to $2.50.
* Riders were paid $100 to $125 per month. Each rider was expected to cover 75 miles (121 km) a day.
The quickest trip was that made for the delivery of [[Abraham Lincoln|President Lincoln]]'s inaugural address. About 1400 miles (2253 km) from [[Saint Joseph, Missouri|St. Joseph, Mo.]] to [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento, Cal.]] being covered in 7 days and 17 hours. Mail passing through [[Panama]] required about 22 days.

The first [[Pony Express|pony express]] left on April 3, [[1860]]. Eventually there were 190 stations, 200 station keepers, 200 assistant station keepers, 80 riders, and between 400 and 500 horses. The company ceased operations in October, [[1861]], on the completion of the line of the [[Pacific Telegraph Company]].

==Maps list of 172 maps (1926 edition, in colors)==
* [[Earth|The World]]
* [[Afghanistan]]
* [[Africa|Africa, Physical Map]]
* [[Africa]]
* [[Alabama]]
* [[Alaska|Alaska and the Klondike Region]]
* [[Alberta, Canada|Alberta]]
* [[North America|America, North, Physical Map]]
* [[South America|America, South, Physical Map]]
* [[North America|America, North]]
* [[South America|America, South]]
* [[Antarctica|Antarctic Regions]]
* [[Arctic|Arctic Regions]]
* [[Argentina|Argentine Republic]]
* [[Arizona]]
* [[Arkansas]]
* [[Asia|Asia, Physical Map]]
* [[Asia]]
* [[Asia|Asia, Central]]
* [[Australia]]
* [[Austria-Hungary]]
* [[Balkans|Balkan Peninsula]]
* [[Bavaria|Bavaria-German Empire]]
* [[Belgium]]
* [[Bermuda]]
* [[Boston|Boston and Vicinity]]
* [[Brazil]]
* [[British Columbia]]
* [[Burma]]
* [[California]]
* [[Canada]]
* [[Cape of Good Hope|Cape of Good Hope, Province of]]
* [[Central America]]
* [[Chicago]]
* [[Chile]]
* [[China|Chinese Republic]]
* [[American Civil War|Civil War in America]]
* [[Colombia]]
* [[Colorado]]
* [[Congo]]
* [[Connecticut]]
* [[Cuba]]
* [[Delaware]]
* [[Denmark]]
* [[East Indies|East India Islands]]
* [[Egypt]]
* [[England]]
* [[Europe]]
* [[Europe|Europe, Physical Map]]
* [[Europe]] (At the time of Charlemagne)
* [[Europe]] (About 1500)
* [[Europe]] (At the time of Napoleon's greatest power, [[1812]])
* [[Europe]] (After the Congress of Vienna, [[1815]])
* [[Florida]]
* [[France|France, Northern]]
* [[France|France, Southern]]
* [[French Indo-China]]
* [[Earth|Geography, The World]]
* [[Earth|Geography, The Known World at Various Times]]
* [[State of Georgia|Georgia]]
* [[German Empire]]
* [[Greece]]
* [[Greece|Greece, Ancient]]
* [[Guam]]
* [[Guiana]]
* [[State of Hawaii|Hawaii]]
* [[Hungary]]
* [[Idaho]]
* [[Illinois]]
* [[India]]
* [[Indiana]]
* [[International Date Line]]
* [[Iowa]]
* [[Ireland]]
* [[Italy]]
* [[Jamaica]]
* [[Japan]]
* [[Kansas]]
* [[Kentucky]]
* [[Korea]]
* London and Vicinity
* [[Louisiana]]
* [[Maine]]
* Manchuria and China
* [[Manitoba]]
* [[Maryland]]
* [[Massachusetts]]
* [[Mexico]]
* [[Michigan]]
* [[Minnesota]]
* [[Mississippi]]
* [[Missouri]]
* [[Montana]]
* [[Nebraska]]
* [[The Netherlands|Netherlands]]
* [[Nevada]]
* [[New Brunswick]]
* [[Newfoundland]]
* [[New Hampshire]]
* [[New Jersey]]
* [[New Mexico]]
* [[New South Wales]]
* [[New York]]
* [[New York City]] (Greater New York) and Vicinity
* [[New Zealand]], [[North Island]]
* [[New Zealand]], [[South Island]]
* [[North Carolina]]
* [[North Dakota]]
* [[Northwest Territories]]
* [[Norway]]
* [[Nova Scotia]]
* Ocean Currents
* [[Ohio]]
* [[Oklahoma]]
* [[Ontario]]
* [[Oregon]]
* [[Palestine]]
* [[Panama Canal]]
* [[Paris]]
* [[Pennsylvania]]
* [[Persia]]
* [[Peru]]
* [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia and Vicinity]]
* [[The Phillipines|Phillipine Islands]]
* [[Puerto Rico|Porto Rico]]
* [[Portugal]]
* [[Prussia]]
* [[Quebec]]
* [[Queensland]]
* [[Rain|Rainfall]]
* [[Rhode Island]]
* [[Roman Empire]]
* [[Russia]]
* [[Samoa]]
* [[Saskatchewan]]
* [[Scotland]]
* [[Siam]]
* [[Australia|South Australia]]
* [[Australia|South Australia, Northern Territory]]
* [[South Carolina]]
* [[South Dakota]]
* [[Spain]]
* Stars-Celestial Charts
* [[Sweden]]
* [[Switzerland]]
* [[Tasmania]]
* [[Tennessee]]
* [[Texas]]
* Transportation-Commercial Map of the World
* [[Transvaal]]
* [[Turkey|Turkey in Europe]]
* [[Turkey|Turkey in Asia]]
* [[United States|United States, Eastern-Physical and Political]]
* [[United States|United states, Western-Physical and Political]]
* Early Colonial Grants
* [[United States]] in [[1789]] and [[1808]]
* [[United States]] in [[1816]]
* [[United states]] in [[1852]]
* [[United States]], Showing Accessions of Territories
* [[Uruguay]]
* [[Utah]]
* [[Venezuela]]
* [[Vermont]]
* [[Australia|Victoria]]
* [[Virginia]]
* [[Wales]]
* [[State of Washington|Washington]]
* [[Australia|Western Australia]]
* [[West Indies]]
* [[West Virginia]]
* [[Wisconsin]]
* [[Wyoming]]

[[Category:Encyclopedias]]

Latest revision as of 21:59, 24 January 2024

The New International Encyclopedia was an American encyclopedia first published in 1902 by Dodd, Mead & Co.. It descended from the International Cyclopaedia (1884) and was updated in 1906, 1914 and 1926.

History[edit]

First edition, volume eight

The New International Encyclopedia was the successor of the International Cyclopaedia (1884). Initially, The International Cyclopaedia was largely a reprint of Alden's Library of Universal Knowledge, which itself was a reprint of the British Chambers's Encyclopaedia. The title was changed to The New International Encyclopedia in 1902, with editors Harry Thurston Peck, Daniel Coit Gilman and Frank Moore Colby.[1]

The encyclopedia was popular and reprints were made in 1904, 1905, 1907 (corrected and expanded to 20 volumes), 1909 and 1911. The 2nd edition appeared from 1914 to 1917 in 24 volumes. With Peck and Gilman deceased, Colby was joined by a new editor, Talcott Williams.[1] This edition was set up from new type and thoroughly revised. It was very strong in biography.[2]

A third edition was published in 1923, however this was mostly a reprint with the addition of a history of the First World War in volume 24, which had previously been a reading and study guide. A two-volume supplement was published in 1925 and was incorporated into the 1927 reprint, which had 25 volumes. There was a further two-volume supplement in 1930 along with another reprint.[3]

The final edition, in 1935, was published by Funk & Wagnalls. This edition included another updated supplement, authored by Herbert Treadwell Wade. Some material from The New International would be incorporated into future books published by Funk and Wagnalls such as Funk & Wagnalls Standard Encyclopaedia.[3]

The 1926 material was printed in Cambridge, Massachusetts, by Yale University Press. Boston Bookbinding Company of Cambridge produced the covers. Thirteen books enclosing 23 volumes comprise the encyclopedia, which includes a supplement after Volume 23. Each book contains around 1600 pages.[4]

Like other encyclopedias of the time, The New International had a yearly supplement, The New International Yearbook, beginning in 1908. Like the encyclopedia itself, this publication was sold to Funk and Wagnalls in 1931. It was edited by Frank Moore Colby until his death in 1925, and then by Wade. In 1937, Frank Horace Vizetelly became editor.[3] The yearbook outlasted the parent encyclopedia, running to 1966.[5]

More than 500 men and women submitted and composed the information contained in The New International Encyclopedia.

Volumes[edit]

Gilman, Daniel Coit; Peck, Harry Thurston; Colby, Frank Moore, eds. (1905). The New International Encyclopædia. New York: Dodd, Mead and Co.
vol Edition Internet Archive Wikisource (incomplete) Year From  –  To Notes
1 1st IA 1 WS 1 1905 A  –  Aristogoras
2 1st IA 2 WS 2 1905 Aristarchus  –  Bessières
3 1st IA 3 WS 3 1905 Bessus  –  Cairns
4 1st IA 4 WS 4 1905 Cairo  –  Classification of Ships
5 1st IA 5 WS 5 1905 Classis  –  Da Vinci
6 1st IA 6 WS 6 1905 Davioud  –  Ellery
7 1st IA 7 WS 7 1905 Ellesmere  –  Fontanel
8 1st Not available WS 8 1903 Fontanes  –  Goethe
Alternatives
Google Books:
  • GB 8 (this volume is not universally accessible).

1903 edition, from the Ontario Council of University Libraries digitized in 2009, in the Internet Archive:

9 1st IA 9 WS 9 1905 Goethite  –  Heritable Jurisdictions
10 1st IA 10 WS 10 1905 Herjulfson  –  Ishpeming
11 1st IA 11 WS 11 1905 Ishtar  –  Latitudinarians
12 1st IA 12 WS 12 1905 Latium  –  Manna
13 1st IA 13 WS 13 1905 Manna-Croup  –  Morganatic Marriage
14 1st IA 14 WS 14 1905 Morgan City  –  Omul
15 1st IA 15 WS 15 1905 Ona  –  Pickering The Internet Archive edition is missing pp. 6-7, but see the 1906 volume for the first edition at Google Books, which appears to be about the same thing, and does have these pages.
16 1st IA 16 WS 16 1905 Pickersgill  –  Reid
17 1st IA 17 WS 17 1905 Reifferscheid  –  Servian Wall
18 1st IA 18 WS 18 1905 Service-berry  –  Tagus
19 1st IA 19 WS 19 1905 Taharka  –  Vampire
20 1st IA 20 WS 20 1905 Van  –  Zyrians
New International Encyclopedia (incomplete)
Volume Edition Year copyright last From  –  To
Volume 3 2nd 1928 [1924] Bazaine  –  Brock
Volume 4 2nd 1928 [1924] Brockelmann  –  Chaeremon
Volume 5 2nd 1914 Chæronia  –  Consuelo
Volume 6 2nd 1928 Consul  –  Didymograptus
Volume 8 2nd [1922] Enteritis  –  Foraker
Volume 10 2nd 1928 [1922] Glacial  –  Havre de Grace
Volume 12 2nd 1915 Imaginary  –  Jouy
Volume 13 2nd 1915 [1915] Jovanovich  –  Leprohon
Volume 17 2nd 1916 Newfoundland  –  Panjab
Volume 18 2nd 1916 Panjabi  –  Poliziano
Volume 19 2nd 1916 [1916] Polk  –  Rigging
Volume 20 2nd 1916 [1916] Riggs  –  Shilluck
Volume 21 2nd 1916 Shiloh  –  Tarsus
Volume 22 2nd 1916 Tartaglia  –  Valiant
Volume 24 Sup 1930 1930 Abbe  –  Lyons
Volume 25 Sup 1930 [1930] Municipal  –  Zweig

References[edit]

Citations[edit]

  1. ^ a b Walsh 1968, p. 120.
  2. ^ The Encyclopedia Americana. Vol. 10. 1988. p. 333.
  3. ^ a b c Walsh 1968, p. 121.
  4. ^ Graham, B. (1928). Bookman's Manual. p. 28.
  5. ^ Colby, Frank Moore, ed. (1908). The New International Yearbook: A Compendium of the World's Progress for the Year. Dodd, Mead & Co. OCLC 183333553.

Sources[edit]

  • Walsh, S. P. (1968). Anglo-American general encyclopedias: a historical bibliography, 1703–1967. New York, NY: Bowker. OCLC 577541.

External links[edit]

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