Daniel Coit Gilman
Daniel Coit Gilman (born July 6, 1831 in Norwich , Connecticut ; † October 13, 1908 ) was an American educational reformer and diplomat who was instrumental in founding and reforming several leading American universities at the end of the 19th century.
life and work
Gilman was born in Norwich in 1831 and received his academic training from Yale University . There he attended the same class as Andrew Dickson White , who later became the founding president of Cornell University . Both became members of the secret society Skull & Bones and traveled through Europe together. Between 1853 and 1855 Gilman was attaché to the American mission in imperial Saint Petersburg and then helped with the (re) establishment of the Sheffield Scientific School in Yale. From 1856 to 1865 he was a librarian at Yale and also devoted himself to reforming the public school system in New Haven . Gilman served as a sergeant during the Civil War and was appointed Professor of Geography at Sheffield Scientific School in 1863.
After his attempt to become president of Yale University in 1872 failed, he resigned from his offices at the college and became third president of the University of California . After arguments with California's education politicians over the state's higher education legislation, Gilman accepted the invitation in 1875 to become founding president of Johns Hopkins University . The educational reformer introduced a new organizational system for the United States based on the German model. Johns Hopkins thus became the first American university to institutionalize teaching and research, and Gilman's 25-year presidency is seen as the beginning of the institutionalization of postgraduate studies at American universities. Also in 1875 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences . In 1898 he was accepted into the American Academy of Arts and Letters .
He was also a founding president of the Carnegie Foundation and a co-founder of the Russell Trust Association , which administers the Yales' Skull and Bones Society . He helped found the Johns Hopkins Hospital (1889), the Johns Hopkins Medical School (1893), and community charities in Baltimore, and served on the board of trustees of major American not-for-profit foundations.
The educational reformer's extensive correspondence and other works are archived in the Johns Hopkins University Library.
Works (selection)
- Scientific Schools in Europe . Hartford 1856.
- Our National Schools of Science . Cambridge 1867.
- The Benefits Which Society Derives from Universities . Baltimore 1885.
- Development of the Public Library in America . Ithaca 1891.
- Our Relations to Our Other Neighbors . Baltimore 1891.
- University Problems in the United States , New York 1898.
- Democracy in America , Alexis de Tocqueville . With an introduction by Daniel Coit Gilman. New York 1898.
- The Life of James Dwight Dana , Scientific Explorer, Mineralogist, Geologist, Zoologist, Professor at Yale University . New York 1899.
- Memorial of Samuel de Champlain : Who Discovered the Island of Mt.Desert, Maine, September 5, 1604 . Baltimore 1904.
- The Launching of a University and Other Papers . New York 1906.
literature
- Francesco Cordasco : The Shaping of American Graduate Education: Daniel Coit Gilman and the Protean Ph.D. Rowman and Littlefield, Totowa NJ 1973, ISBN 0-87471-161-4
Web links
- The Building of the University . Opening address as President of the University of California, November 7, 1872
- Opening address for the first President of Johns Hopkins University, February 22, 1876
Individual evidence
- ↑ "Commonly taken as marking the starting point of post-graduate education in the US" Education: At Johns Hopkins . In: Time Magazine , March 1, 1926
- ^ Members: Daniel Coit Gilman. American Academy of Arts and Letters, accessed March 31, 2019 .
- ^ Daniel Coit Gilman Papers . ( Memento of the original from December 11, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. The Sheridan Libraries, Johns Hopkins University
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Gilman, Daniel Coit |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | American journalist and university director |
| DATE OF BIRTH | July 6, 1831 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Norwich , Connecticut |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 13, 1908 |
| Place of death | Norwich , Connecticut |