1831
Portal history | Portal Biographies | Current events | Annual calendar | Daily item
◄ |
18th century |
19th century
| 20th century
| ►
◄ |
1800s |
1810s |
1820s |
1830s
| 1840s
| 1850s
| 1860s
| ►
◄◄ |
◄ |
1827 |
1828 |
1829 |
1830 |
1831
| 1832
| 1833
| 1834
| 1835
| ►
|►►
Calendar overview 1831
Map with all linked sites: | 1831 | |
|---|---|
 the November uprising of the Poles . |
|
 |
 |
| 1831 in other calendars | |
| Armenian calendar | 1279/80 (turn of the year July) |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1823/24 (September 11-12) |
| Bengali solar calendar | 1236/37 (beginning of April 14th or 15th) |
| Buddhist calendar | 2374/75 (southern Buddhism); 2373/74 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana ) |
| Chinese calendar | 75th (76th) cycle
Year of the metal rabbit辛卯 ( at the beginning of the year metal tiger庚寅) |
| Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam) | 1193/94 (turn of the year April) |
| Dangun era (Korea) | 4164/65 (October 2-3) |
| Iranian calendar | 1209/10 |
| Islamic calendar | 1246/1247 (turn of the year June 11th / 12th) |
| Jewish calendar | 5591/92 (September 7/8) |
| Coptic Calendar | 1547/48 (September 11-12) |
| Malayalam calendar | 1006/07 |
| Seleucid era | Babylon: 2141/42 (turn of the year April)
Syria: 2142/43 (turn of the year October) |
| Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) | 1887/88 (April) |
events
Politics and world events
Polish November Uprising
- February 25: The Polish November Uprising takes place in the Battle of Grochów . An army of the Russian Empire engaged in combat operations with insurgent Polish troops, with an undecided outcome at the end of the battle.
- May 26th: Russian troops defeat the Polish army in the Battle of Ostroleka and bring in cholera .
- September 8: Russian troops crush the November uprising in Poland , the city of Warsaw surrenders.
- Congress Poland becomes a Russian province, loss of autonomy
Brazil / Portugal
Emperor Peter II of Brazil (portrait by Victor Meirelles de Lima )
- April 7th: Peter I abdicates as Emperor of Brazil , he goes to Europe to fight his brother Michael I of Portugal to assert his daughter Maria II's claims to the Portuguese throne. This is how the Miguelist War begins . In Brazil , his son Peter II ascends the throne.
Belgian revolution
- February 7th: The Constitution of the Kingdom of Belgium is adopted by the National Congress. The Provisional Government will be delivered on February 25th.
_by_Winterhalter.jpg)
King Leopold I (painting by Franz Xaver Winterhalter in the red reception room of Ehrenburg Palace in Coburg)
- June 4th: The National Congress of Belgium elects the German Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, who lives in England, as the first King of the Belgians . On July 17th, Leopold entered his future kingdom for the first time on the beach at De Panne . On July 21, he takes the oath on the constitution.
- August 2nd: King William I of the Netherlands, not recognizing the result of the Belgian Revolution, allows troops to march into Belgium. They take Turnhout on August 3rd . In the next few days the Belgian vigilante loses all along the line, Antwerp is conquered, the Dutch army faces Lions . Leopold I then opened the borders for the French army on August 8th. A truce is concluded on August 12th.
- August 20: The last Dutch troops leave Belgium. Only in the citadel of Antwerp does a Dutch occupation remain.
Other events in Europe
- March 10th: France's King Louis-Philippe creates the Foreign Legion .
- March 14th: The first reading of the Reform Act takes place in the British House of Commons , a reform of the constituencies made necessary by the so-called Rotten boroughs .
- April 5: Pope Gregory XVI. In the encyclical Quel Dio expresses his satisfaction with the suppression of unrest in the Papal States by Austrian troops and praises Austria's Emperor Franz I as liberator and savior.
- September 8th: William IV is officially crowned King of Great Britain and Hanover.
- October 9: The first Greek head of state Ioannis Kapodistrias is shot dead by two assassins while going to church in Nauplia .
- December 5th: The uprising of the silk weavers in Lyon is bloodily suppressed.
- December 28: The Grand Duchy of Baden is contrary to the Carlsbad Decrees , the press censorship in the press law abolished. In the following year this law is declared null and void.
middle East
- Turkish war against Muhammad Ali Pasha advancing from Egypt into Syria
America
- July 21: The Crown Colony of British Guyana is formed from several acquired possessions in South America , including the former Dutch colony Essequibo .
- August 21: A slave riot led by Nat Turner breaks out in the USA . In one part of Virginia , slaves first murder their owners and then move from settlement to settlement. During the uprising, the blacks kill a total of 55 whites before a militia stops the rioters.
- Foundation of the New England Anti-Slavery Society
- William Lloyd Garrison founds The Liberator magazine , an uncompromising fight against slavery.
business
- March 31: The Mainz Act regulates shipping on the Rhine as an international agreement . In 1868 the agreement in the Mannheim Act was revised.
- October 20: The Madrid Stock Exchange , founded by King Ferdinand VII of Spain, experiences its first day of trading.
- November 21st: The silk weavers' revolt begins in Lyon . They protest against the employers' failure to apply minimum wages agreed between the collective bargaining partners in October. Gunfire by the police in the demonstration led to open rioting.
science and technology
archeology
- The 12th century Lewis chess pieces made of ivory are discovered on the Isle of Lewis in Scotland .
Natural sciences
- April 12: The collapse of the Broughton Suspension Bridge is considered to be the first resonance catastrophe of a suspension bridge .
- June 1: James Clark Ross discovers the North Magnetic Pole on a research trip near Cape Adelaide near the Boothia Peninsula in Canada.
- August 29th: Michael Faraday discovers electromagnetic induction .
- December 27th: The HMS Beagle sets sail for a second survey trip to the coast of South America . On board is the unpaid naturalist Charles Darwin .
- Jöns Jakob Berzelius introduces the term isomerism in chemistry .
- Paul Erman makes precise temperature observations in a borehole for the first time and determines a temperature increase of around 3 degrees Celsius per 100 meters of depth.
- William Henry explains heat disinfection .
- Justus von Liebig and Eugène Soubeiran discover chloroform at the same time .
Teaching and Research
- April 18: The University of Alabama begins teaching immediately after the opening ceremony.
- In New York, the US Treasury Secretary Albert Gallatin founded New York University with other prominent New Yorkers .
traffic
- September 20: Opening of the Prince William Railway by Prince William , brother of the Prussian king.
- The first regular automobile service between Gloucester and Cheltenham is started with a steam car developed by Goldsworthy Gurney . The distance is about 60 kilometers.
- In New York, John B. Jervis builds the first locomotive with a leading bogie .
Museums
- August 3: The Alte Museum , built by Karl Friedrich Schinkel , opens in Berlin .
- October 13: The Glyptothek planned by Leo von Klenze opens in Munich .
Technical inventions
- The first profile iron (an "L-profile") is rolled in a British ironworks.
- Giuseppe Belli invents the influenza electrification machine .
- Jean Robert Bréant developed the pneumatic pressure impregnation against wood rot and insect damage .
- The Kassel upper mountain ridge Carl Anton Henschel invents the "fire with laden wind", a method for burning coal and charcoal dust in the air stream.
- James Bowman Lindsay telegraphs about 1,600 meters across the Tay River. The water serves as an electrical conductor.
- The threshing machine is invented in North America .
- A watchmaker named Winerl designed the first chronoscope .
Culture
Visual arts
- October 24th: In the Casa del Fauno ( House of the Faun ) in Pompeii, the mosaic for the "Battle of Alexander" is found in the floor.
literature
- Nathaniel Hawthorne publishes the short story The Wives of the Dead .
- Honoré de Balzac publishes the novella L'Auberge rouge ( The red hostel ).
Music and theater
- MARCH 6: At the Teatro Carcano in Milan which takes place premiere of the opera La sonnambula ( The Sleepwalker ) by Vincenzo Bellini . The libretto is by Felice Romani based on a ballet pantomime by Eugène Scribe and Jean-Pierre Aumer . The soprano Giuditta Pasta sings the title role. The opera becomes one of Bellini's greatest successes and is soon performed across Europe.
- April 3: The Tragedy Of The Sea and Love waves of Franz Grillparzer has its world premiere at Vienna's Burgtheater .
- April 20: The opera buffa Le convenienze ed inconvenienze teatrali by Gaetano Donizetti is premiered at the Teatro della Canobbiana in Milan.
- May 3: For the reopening of the Opéra-Comique in Paris, the opera Zampa by Ferdinand Hérold is premiered on a libretto by Mélesville . The performance is a sensational success.
- May 30th: The Opera semiseria Francesca di Foix by Gaetano Donizetti based on a libretto by Domenico Gilardoni has its world premiere at the Teatro San Carlo in Naples with moderate success. Donizetti later used material from Francesca di Foix in his more successful operas L'elisir d'amore and Lucrezia Borgia, among others .
- June 18: The opera buffa La romanzesca e l'uomo nero by Gaetano Donizetti based on a libretto by Domenico Gilardoni is premiered at the Teatro del Fondo in Naples. The main roles are singing among others Luigia Boccabadati and Antonio Tamburini . The work is an "opera of the new brevity" and contains concentrated the classic forms of bel canto with cavatina and cabaletta . Originally the music numbers were linked by prose dialogues, but these have since been lost. The premiere caused little stir and after only one further performance the piece was canceled again.
_1831.jpg)
- November 21: Giacomo Meyerbeer's opera Robert le diable ( Robert the Devil ) premieres at the Paris Opéra . The opera with the libretto by Eugène Scribe and Germain Delavigne established the composer's fame in France. In the year of the premiere, the first parodies are performed on the Parisian stages.
- December 26th: The world premiere of the opera Norma by Vincenzo Bellini at the Teatro alla Scala di Milano in Milan ends with a fiasco , despite the excellent cast with Giuditta Pasta , Giulia Grisi , Domenico Donzelli and Vincenzo Negrini .
society
- March 19: One of the first bank heists in US history takes place in New York City with loot of $ 254,000 .
- The Garrick Club is founded in London .
religion
- February 2: Cardinal Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari is elected Pope after a conclave of 54 days and takes the name Gregory XVI. on. He is the last Pope to date to be a cardinal but not a bishop at the time of his election . In addition, to this day he is the last monk to be elected head of the Catholic Church. After his episcopal ordination on February 3rd in St. Peter, he will be crowned on February 6th .
Disasters
Coming from India via Russia, a violent cholera epidemic is spreading in northern Central Europe.
nature and environment
In July, the island of Ferdinandea is formed for a short time south of Sicily due to volcanic activity , but it sinks again under the sea surface in December.
Born
January February
- January 1: Eduard Wölfflin , Swiss classical philologist († 1908)
- January 2: Augustus Matthiessen , British chemist and physicist († 1870)
- January 3: Adolf Mützelburg , German writer († 1882)
- January 4: Bainbridge Wadleigh , American politician († 1891)
- January 7th: Heinrich von Stephan , General Postal Director of the German Empire († 1897)
- January 8: Victor Lécot , Archbishop of Bordeaux and Cardinal († 1908)
- January 14: Alfred von Lewinski , Prussian infantry general († 1906)
- January 14: William D. Washburn , American politician († 1912)
- January 18: Johann Jakob Bernoulli , Swiss archaeologist († 1913)
- January 19: Gibson Atherton , American politician († 1887)
- January 23: August Zillmer , German actuary († 1893)
- January 24th: Fritz Eunike , honorary citizen of Wittenberg († 1892)
- January 26: Anton de Bary , German scientist, physician and botanist († 1888)
- February 1: Franz Rudolph Wurlitzer , American musical instrument manufacturer († 1914)
- February 4: Oliver Ames , American politician († 1895)
- February 5: Eugène Bersier , French Protestant clergyman († 1889)
- February 7th: Edmond Cherouvrier , French composer († 1905)
- February 15: Adolf Deucher , Swiss politician († 1912)
- February 16: Benjamin Dwight Allen , American organist and composer († 1914)
- February 16: Nikolai Semjonowitsch Leskow , Russian writer († 1895)
- February 21: Henri Meilhac , French playwright († 1897)
- February 21: Ernst Stückelberg , Swiss artist and physicist († 1903)
- February 24: Albert Schäffle , German economist, sociologist and publicist († 1903)
- February 24: Leo von Caprivi , German military and statesman († 1899)
- February 26: Josef Werndl , Austrian arms manufacturer († 1889)
- February 27: Nikolai Nikolajewitsch Ge , Russian painter († 1894)
March April
- March 2: Gilles van Overbeek de Meijer , Dutch medic († 1918)
- March 6: Friedrich von Bodelschwingh the Elder , German pastor and theologian, pastor († 1910)
- March 6: Philip Sheridan , American general († 1888)
- March 10: Robert Lowry (politician, 1831) , American politician († 1910)
- March 11: John Arnot junior , American politician († 1886)
- March 11: Ernst Wichert , German writer and lawyer († 1902)
- March 15: Harald Asplund , Swedish engineer († 1904)
- March 15: Daniele Comboni , canonized priest († 1881)
- March 15: Edward A. Perry , American politician and the 14th governor of the state of Florida († 1889)
- March 19: Franz Senn , founder of tourism in Tyrol, founder of the German Alpine Club († 1884)
- March 20: Theodor Aman , Romanian painter († 1891)
- March 20: Isabel Burton , British travel writer († 1896)
- March 20: Moritz Julius von Dobschütz , German businessman and entrepreneur in the USA († 1913)
- March 22nd: Adolf von Auer , German lawyer († 1916)
- March 23: Wilhelm Sauer , German organ builder from the Romantic and Late Romantic periods († 1916)
- March 25: Robert Stockton Green , American politician († 1895)
- March 26: Sophus Ruge , German geographer († 1903)
- March 26: Albert Schultz-Lupitz , German landowner and agricultural scientist († 1899)
- March 28: Ewald Oskar Aders , German district court director and patron († 1889)
- April 1: Albert Anker , Swiss painter († 1910)
- April 3: Adelheid von Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg , German princess, wife of King Michael I of Portugal († 1909)
- April 4: Edward Cary Walthall , American politician († 1898)
- April 5: Bernhard Danckelmann , German forest official and forest scientist († 1901)
- April 7: Karl Friederichs , German archaeologist († 1871)
- April 12: George Burgwyn Anderson , American general († 1862)
- April 12: Constantin Meunier , Belgian sculptor and painter († 1905)
- April 14: Gerhard Rohlfs , German traveler to Africa and writer († 1896)
- April 21: Ernest Henri Besnier , French dermatologist († 1909)
- April 21: Karl Dernfeld , architect, district master builder in Baden-Baden († 1879)
- April 24: Friedrich Wilhelm Barkhausen , German lawyer and theologian († 1903)
- April 24: George Nares , British admiral and polar explorer († 1915)
- April 28: Peter Guthrie Tait , Scottish physicist († 1901)
- April 29: Friedrich I , Duke of Anhalt († 1904)
- April 30: Romolo Gessi , Italian traveler to Africa († 1881)
May June
- May 7: Richard Norman Shaw , British architect († 1912)
- May 9: Karl Hill , German opera singer († 1893)
- May 16: David Edward Hughes , British-American designer and inventor († 1900)
- May 16: Daniel Manning , American politician († 1887)
- June 1: John Bell Hood , American general in the Civil War († 1879)
- June 1: Redfield Proctor , American politician († 1908)
- June 2: Max Abraham , German music publisher († 1900)
- June 2: Gustave Lefèvre , French composer and music teacher († 1910)
- June 7th: Amelia Edwards , British writer and Egyptologist († 1892)
- June 7: Eugène Lacheurié , French composer († unknown)
- June 11: Carl Friedrich Heinrich von Arnim , German lawyer and administrative officer († 1905)
- June 12: Hermann Schubert , German sculptor († 1917)
- June 13: James Clerk Maxwell , Scottish physicist and chemist († 1879)
- June 18: Peter Nicolai Arbo , Norwegian painter († 1892)
- June 18: Edwin Oppler , German architect († 1880)
- June 19: Carl Schwatlo , German architect († 1884)
- June 21: Lucien Lester Ainsworth , American politician († 1902)
- June 26: Julius Rodenberg , German journalist and writer († 1914)
- June 28: Joseph Joachim , Hungarian violinist, conductor and composer († 1907)
July August
- July 2: Werner Hagedorn , German surgeon († 1894)
- July 6: Sylvester Pennoyer , American politician († 1902)
- July 8: John Pemberton , American druggist and the inventor of Coca-Cola († 1888)
- July 9: Wilhelm His , Swiss anatomist († 1904)
- July 11: Kamilo Mašek , Czech composer († 1859)
- July 12: Gerhard Amyntor , Prussian General Staff Officer († 1910)
- July 15: Reinhold Begas , German sculptor and painter († 1911)
- July 16: Nāser ad-Din Schāh , Shah of Persia († 1896)
- July 17: Jean-Philippe Dardier , Franco-Swiss Evangelist († 1923)
- July 17: Therese Tietjens , German opera singer (soprano) and vocal teacher († 1877)
- July 17th: Xianfeng , Chinese Emperor of China († 1861)
- July 18: Johann Martin Schleyer , Catholic priest, poet and philanthropist († 1912)
- July 22nd: Komei , 121st Emperor of Japan († 1867)
- July 27: Helen Taylor , English suffragette († 1907)
- July 31: Botho Wendt zu Eulenburg , Prussian Prime Minister and Minister of the Interior († 1912)
- July 31: Ignacy Domeyko , Polish geologist († 1889)
- August 1: Antonio Cotogni , Italian opera singer († 1918)
- August 2: Wilhelm von Christ , German classical philologist († 1906)
- August 7th: Otto Stromer von Reichenbach , Mayor of Nuremberg († 1891)
- August 10: Richard Felix von Arnim , Prussian officer († 1901)
- August 12: Friedrich Klopfleisch , German prehistorian and art historian († 1898)
- August 12: Helena Petrovna Blavatsky , Russian spiritualist and writer († 1891)
- August 13: Salomon Jadassohn , German composer, pianist, music theorist and teacher († 1902)
- August 15: Gustav Ipavec , Slovenian composer († 1908)
- August 20: Eduard Suess , Austrian geologist and politician († 1914)
- August 22: Arwed Emminghaus , German economist († 1916)
- August 22: Marie Louise Dustmann-Meyer , German opera singer († 1899)
- August 28: Ludvig Norman , Swedish conductor and composer († 1885)
September October
- September 5: Victorien Sardou , French playwright († 1908)
- September 7: Alexandre Falguière , French painter and sculptor († 1900)
- September 8: Philipp Jacob Auer , German politician († 1912)
- September 8: Wilhelm Raabe , German narrator († 1910)
- September 9: Hermann Christian Arndts , Prussian civil servant, syndic, administrator and member of the state parliament († 1888)
- September 10: William A. Peffer , American politician († 1912)
- September 14: Marie François Joseph de Miribel , French general († 1893)
- September 18: Siegfried Marcus , German technician and inventor († 1898)
- September 19: Elias Schrenk , Swabian revival preacher of Pietism († 1913)
- September 20: Hedwig Dohm , German writer and women's rights activist († 1919)
- September 23: Martin Garlieb Amsinck , German shipbuilder and shipowner († 1905)
- September 24: Emilio Teza , Italian Romance scholar, Indo-Europeanist, orientalist, philologist, linguist, literary scholar and translator († 1912)
- September 28: Fran Levstik , Slovenian poet († 1887)
- October 6: Richard Dedekind , German mathematician († 1916)
- October 8: Paul von Hatzfeld zu Trachenberg , German civil servant in the foreign service († 1901)
- October 15: Horace Austin , American politician († 1905)
- October 15: Isabella Bishop , British travel writer († 1904)
- October 16: Karl Blasel , Austrian actor and theater director († 1922)
- October 18: Friedrich III. , Prussian King and German Emperor († 1888)
- October 18: Helen Hunt Jackson , American author († 1885)
- October 21: Hermann Hellriegel , German agricultural chemist († 1895)
- October 23: Edward Young , English explorer of Africa († 1896)
- October 25: Heinrich Brück , Bishop of Mainz († 1903)
- October 26: John Willock Noble , American lawyer and politician († 1912)
- October 28: Claus Koepcke , German engineer and professor († 1911)
- October 28: Meinardus Siderius Pols , Dutch legal scholar († 1897)
- October 29: Giulio Cottrau , Italian composer († 1916)
- October 29: Leopold Sonnemann , journalist († 1909)
- October 29: Othniel Charles Marsh , American paleontologist († 1899)
- October 31: Romualdo Pacheco , 12th Governor of California († 1899)
- October 31: Carl von Voit , German physiologist († 1908)
November December
- November 1: Harry Atkinson , Prime Minister of New Zealand († 1892)
- November 2: August Essenwein , architecture and art historian († 1892)
- November 2: Julius Stettenheim , German writer († 1916)
- November 3: Ignatius Donnelly , American lawyer and congressman († 1901)
- November 5: Christian Schneller , Austrian philologist, poet, epic poet and folklorist († 1908)
- November 6: Anna Leonowens , British teacher, traveler and writer († 1915)
- November 9: Henry du Pré Labouchère , British politician († 1912)
- November 12th: Anton Kerner von Marilaun , Austrian botanist and professor († 1898)
- November 14: Franz von Jauner , Austrian actor and theater director († 1900)
- November 18: Johannes Bosscha , Dutch physicist († 1911)
- November 18: Karl Rudolf Seyerlen , German Protestant theologian († 1906)
- November 19: James A. Garfield , American politician and 20th President of the USA († 1881)
- November 26th: Emil Schreiner , Norwegian classical philologist († 1910)
- November 27: Gustav Radde , German geographer and naturalist († 1903)
- November 29: Frederick Townsend Ward , officer in the American Merchant Navy († 1862)
- November 30: Ippolito Nievo , Italian author († 1861)
- December 2: Paul du Bois-Reymond , German mathematician († 1889)
- December 3: Léon Prévost , French composer († 1877)
- December 5: Hans Heinrich Landolt , Swiss chemist († 1910)
- December 8: Anton Spitalsky , Austrian industrialist († 1909)
- December 9: Maurice de Hirsch , German entrepreneur and philanthropist († 1896)
- December 9: Friedrich Wilhelm Alexander von Mechow , German officer and Africa explorer († around 1890)
- December 10: Alexander Conze , German archaeologist and university professor († 1914)
- December 14: Arsenio Martínez-Campos , Spanish general († 1900)
- December 25: Johann von Herbeck , Austrian conductor and composer († 1877)
- December 27: Karl von Brandenstein , Prussian general († 1886)
- December 27: Lucius Fairchild , American politician († 1896)
Exact date of birth unknown
- Subh-i-Azal , Persian leader of the Babists and Azali († 1912)
- Louis Lebel , French organist and music teacher († 1889)
- Juan Mochi , Italian painter († 1892)
- Amelia Patti , Italian opera singer († 1915)
Born around 1831
- Sitting Bull , chief and medicine man of the Hunkpapa-Lakota-Sioux († 1890)
Died
First quarter
Barthold Georg Niebuhr (drawing by Louise Seidler )
- January 2: Barthold Georg Niebuhr , German historian (* 1776)
- January 3: Franz Riepenhausen , German painter and engraver (* 1786)
- January 6th: Rodolphe Kreutzer , French violinist, teacher, conductor and composer (* 1766)
- January 8: Franz Krommer , Czech composer (* 1759)
- January 11: Johann Friedrich Christian Düffer , Professor of Pharmacology and Pharmacy (* 1775)
- January 12th: Jean Thérèse de Beaumont d'Autichamp , French general (* 1738)
- January 12th: Louise of Denmark and Norway , Landgrave of Hessen-Kassel (* 1750)
- January 14th: Henry Mackenzie , Scottish writer (* 1745)
- January 15: Franciscus-Antonius de Méan , last Prince-Bishop of Liège (* 1756)
- January 20: Justinian Freiherr von Adlerflycht , German lawyer (* 1761)
- January 21: Achim von Arnim , German poet (* 1781)
- January 22nd: John Blenkinsop , English mine manager and engineer (* 1783)
- January 25: Ernst August Friedrich Klingemann , German romantic writer (* 1777)
- February 3rd: Xaver Bernauer , German organ builder (* 1768)
- February 5: Henry Foster , British naval officer, geoscientist and leader of Arctic and Antarctic expeditions (* 1796)
- February 9: Ernst Heinrich von Schimmelmann , German Minister (Denmark) (* 1747)
- February 11: Niklaus Franz von Bachmann , Swiss military leader (* 1740)
- February 14: Joseph von Weber , German scientist and Catholic clergyman (* 1753)
- February 26: James Noble , American politician (* 1785)
- March 1: Franz Bogislaus Westermeier , German Protestant theologian (* 1773)
- March 3: Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Koch , German Protestant clergyman and botanist (* 1759)
- March 4: Georg Michael Telemann , German church musician and composer (* 1748)
- March 9: Friedrich Maximilian Klinger , German poet, Russian general (* 1752)
- March 11: Józef Kozłowski , Polish composer (* 1757)
- March 12: Vladimir Grigoryevich Orlow , Russian science manager, brother of Grigory Orlow (* 1743)
- March 12: Friedrich von Matthisson , German poet and prose writer (* 1761)
- March 21: José Tomás Ovalle , President of Chile (* 1788)
- March 28: Michał Hieronim Radziwiłł , Lithuanian-Polish magnate (* 1744)
Second quarter
- April 5: James Lloyd , American politician (* 1769)
- April 9: Paul Usteri , Swiss publicist and politician (* 1768)
- April 13: Ferdinand Kauer , Austrian composer and conductor (* 1751)
- April 13: Traugott August Seyffarth , German Lutheran theologian (* 1762)
- April 19: Johann Gottlieb Friedrich von Bohnenberger , German astronomer and mathematician (* 1765)
- April 20: August Lafontaine , German writer (* 1758)
- April 21: Gesche Gottfried , German serial killer (* 1785)
- April 22nd: Jean-Joseph Girard , Swiss Roman Catholic clergyman (* 1766)
- April 24: Catherine Pakenham , wife of Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington (* 1773)
- April 26: Johann Philipp Becher , German mining and smelting technician and mineralogist (* 1752)
- April 27th: Carlo Felice I , King of Sardinia-Piedmont and Duke of Savoy (* 1765)
- April 28: John Abernethy , English surgeon and anatomist (* 1764)
- April 28: Samuel Gottlieb Bürde , German poet (* 1753)
- May 4: Friedrich Philipp Wilmsen , German Reformed theologian and educator (* 1770)
- May 13: Christian Gottfried Körner , German editor, friend of Schiller's (* 1756)
- May 19: Johann Friedrich Eschscholtz , German naturalist and explorer (* 1793)
- May 24th: Benjamin Carr , English-American composer, organist, singer and music publisher (* 1768)
- May 26: Georg Hermes , German theologian and philosopher (* 1775)
- May 27: Jedediah Smith , American trapper, fur trader and explorer (* 1798)
- May 27: Joseph von Zerboni di Sposetti , Prussian civil servant, publicist, poet and Freemason (* 1766)
- May 29: Gottfried Fähse , German classical philologist and pedagogue (* 1764)
- May 30th: Daniel Jelensperger , French musicologist (* 1799)
- June 5: Immanuel Christian Leberecht von Ampach , German numismatist, art collector and patron (* 1772)
- June 8: Sarah Siddons , English actress (* 1755)
- June 10: Hans Karl von Diebitsch-Sabalkanski , Imperial Russian Field Marshal (* 1785)
- June 10: Nathaniel Pryor , American explorer (* 1772)
- June 16: Joseph Ignaz Schnabel , German composer and cathedral music director (* 1767)
- June 21: Wilhelm Amsinck , German businessman, councilor and mayor (* 1752)
- June 26: August Wellauer , German classical philologist and pedagogue (* 1798)
- June 27th: Sophie Germain , French mathematician (* 1776)
- June 27: Christian Haldenwang , copperplate engraver (* 1770)
- June 27: Konstantin Romanow , Russian Grand Duke (* 1779)
- June 29th: Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein , Prussian politician (* 1757)
- June 30th: William Roscoe , English lawyer, biologist and historian (* 1753)
Third quarter
- July 4th: Caspar Josef Carl von Mylius , German soldier in Austrian service with high rank (* 1749)
- July 4th: James Monroe , American President (* 1758)
- July 8: Daniel Martin , American politician (* 1780)
- July 11: Vasily Golownin , Russian naval officer and scientist (* 1776)
- July 13: Friedrich Julius Heinrich von Soden , writer (* 1754)
- July 16: Alexandre Andrault de Langeron , Russian general, governor of Crimea and governor general of New Russia (* 1763)
- July 19: Christian Karl André , German educator and farmer (* 1763)
- July 20: Caroline de la Motte Fouqué , German writer (* 1773)
- July 24th: Rudolf of Austria-Tuscany , Roman Catholic bishop and cardinal (* 1788)
- July 26th: Maximilian Thomas von Aicher , Bavarian officer (* 1753)
- August 4th: Heinrich Martius , German doctor, scientist, writer, chronicler (* 1781)
- August 11: Gavriil Sarytschew , Russian naval officer and hydrograph (* 1763)
- August 23: August Neidhardt von Gneisenau , Prussian Field Marshal General (* 1760)
- September 1: Balthasar Alexis Henri Antoine von Schauenburg , French general (* 1748)
- September 1: José de la Torre Ugarte , Peruvian lawyer and poet (* 1786)
- September 6: William Jones , American politician (* 1760)
- September 9: Leopold Ackermann , Austrian theologian (* 1771)
- September 12: Jippensha Ikku , Japanese writer (* 1765)
- September 15: Alexander Bran , German journalist, writer and publisher (* 1767)
- September 17th: Joseph Kyselak , alpinist and court chamber official (* 1798)
- September 17: Joseph Lange , German actor, painter, composer and writer (* 1751)
- September 17th: Johann Wilhelm Tolberg , medic (* 1762)
- September 19: Anton Hye , Austrian Roman Catholic clergyman, educator and author (* 1761)
Fourth Quarter
- October 9: Ioannis Kapodistrias , Greek politician (* 1776)
- October 14: Jean-Louis Pons , French astronomer (* 1761)
- October 16: Angelo Agnoletto , Italian theologian (* 1743)
- October 17: Anton Aloys Meinrad Franz , Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (* 1762)
- October 24th: Maria Neide , German nurse (* 1780)
- November 1: Jonathan Mason , American politician (* 1756)
- November 1st: Erhard Adolf Matthiessen , German lawyer, businessman and councilor (* 1763)
- November 5: Christian Gotthold Eschenbach , German physician, chemist and university professor (* 1753)
- November 11th: Pietro Colletta , Neapolitan Minister of War (* 1775)
- November 11th: Ignácz Gyulay , Field Marshal, President of the Austrian Court War Council and Feldzeugmeister (* 1763)
- November 11th: Nat Turner , American black slave (* 1800)
- November 12th: Leopold Maximilian von Firmian , Prince Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Vienna (* 1766)
- November 14th: Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel , German philosopher (* 1770)
- November 14th: Ignaz Josef Pleyel , Austrian composer (* 1757)
- November 15: Vincenc Mašek , Bohemian composer (* 1755)
- November 16: Carl von Clausewitz , Prussian general and "war philosopher" (* 1780)
- November 16: Auguste Reuss zu Ebersdorf , Duchess of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (* 1757)
- December 2: Traugott Maximilian Eberwein , German composer and conductor (* 1775)
- December 5: Karl Ludwig Nitzsch , German theologian (* 1751)
- December 10th: Thomas Johann Seebeck , physicist (* 1770)
- 11th December; George Schetky , American composer, cellist and music publisher (* 1776)
- December 26th: Johann Maria Philipp Frimont von Palota , Austrian cavalry general (* 1759)
- December 26: Wilhelm Ludwig Steinbrenner , German Protestant theologian (* 1759)
- December 30th: Johann August Heinrich Tittmann , German theologian and philosopher (* 1773)
Web links
Commons : 1831 - Collection of Images, Videos, and Audio Files
- Digitized newspapers from 1831 in the newspaper information system (ZEFYS) of the Berlin State Library