Carl Schwatlo

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Carl Schwatlo , also written as Karl Schwatlo , (born June 19, 1831 in Hermsdorf (Heiligenbeil district) , East Prussia , † December 24, 1884 in Berlin ) was a German architect , construction officer and university professor , who was best known for his buildings for the Reichspost has been.

Life

Detail from the main entrance of the Postfuhramt in Berlin
Streichberg residential building, Bellevuestrasse 7 in Berlin-Tiergarten
Jewish retirement home, Schönhauser Allee 22 in Berlin-Prenzlauer Berg

Carl Schwatlo, born in 1831 as the son of a clergyman, lost his father at the age of two. The mother moved with the children to Koenigsberg , where an uncle was a palace inspector.

After high school in Königsberg, he was trained as a surveyor in Braunsberg and, after graduating in 1849 and again staying in Königsberg, studied at the Berlin Building Academy from 1850 to 1852 . His building foreman exam and his return to Königsberg was followed by a job in Berlin from 1853 as an assistant teacher at the industrial institute. From 1855 he worked as a studio manager for Friedrich Hitzig . On January 7, 1854, he was accepted into the Berlin Architects' Association . He completed further training at the building academy in 1857 with the building master's exam and then continued to work in Berlin as a private builder.

From 1859 he was assistant teacher for the subjects of design and building construction at the building academy, from 1866 teacher for building construction .

Further stages of his teaching career were the appointment as professor at the trade school , after the 1879 merger of the building academy and the trade school to the Technical University of Charlottenburg , he was accepted into their teaching body. 1882/1883 Schwatlo was head ( dean ) of the architecture department of the technical university.

He became known for his work as a “post architect” for the General Post Office and, after the establishment of the Reich in 1871, for the Reichspost . In 1865 he became a master builder in the general post office, after the establishment of the Reichspost in 1872 he was given the title of government and building officer . In 1875, the Reichspost set up its own building management under the direction of the architect and construction officer August Kind (1824–1904) in order to meet the increasing demand for larger and smaller post offices as a result of the increased mail volume. Schwatlo was assigned the Berlin I post office building district, which also included Potsdam. In 1876 he was also given responsibility for building construction at the Berlin Oberpostdirektion . The plans for the gradual renovation and new building from 1866 were not carried out and were transferred to Postrat Wilhelm Tuckermann (1840-1919).

In his post at the post office, Schwatlo carried out numerous buildings in Berlin, including the general post office, the post office in Charlottenburg (both destroyed in World War II) and the post office on Oranienburger Strasse.

In 1872 Schwatlo lost large parts of his private fortune, probably due to unsuccessful speculation in the economic boom of the early years .

In 1876 he was elected to the board of the Berlin Architects' Association.

On the occasion of a reorganization of the Bauakademie in 1877, Schwatlo decided to teach and stopped working for the Reichspost. In 1879 he was a founding member of the Association of Berlin Architects .

Carl Schwatlo died on December 24, 1884, presumably of a heart attack. The extensive loss of private fortune in 1872 had forced him to work excessively and to deplete his health. He was buried in the Charlottenburg cemetery.

His sons Karl Otto and Hans Schwatlo were also architects.

buildings

  • Around 1852–1854: Building for the Agricultural Academy in Waldau near Königsberg
  • 1859: Remodeling of the Streichenberg house, Berlin-Tiergarten, Bellevuestraße 7 (no longer available)
  • 1860: Renovation of the house at Oranienburger Strasse 34
  • 1866–1867: Car hall of the parcel post office in Berlin-Mitte (demolished in 1913)
  • 1867: Courtyard building of the young merchants' association in Berlin-Mitte, Rosenthaler Strasse 38
  • 1867/68: Ruhwald Palace with Kavalierhaus and farm buildings, Berlin-Charlottenburg, Spandauer Damm (palace demolished in 1937 due to dilapidation, the Kavalierhaus destroyed in the war was demolished in 1952, only the colonnades remained)
  • 1869–1870: Carl Schwatlo house in Berlin-Tiergarten, Kurfürstenstrasse 57
  • 1872–1874: General Post Office (later Reich Ministry of Post ) in Berlin-Mitte, Leipziger Strasse 15, (front building destroyed in 1945)
  • 1875–1881: Postfuhramt in Berlin-Mitte, Oranienburger Strasse 35/36
  • 1875–1876: Post office Charlottenburg I in Berlin-Charlottenburg, Berliner Straße (later replaced by the new building from 1929–1935 at today's Otto-Suhr-Allee 80/84)
  • 1875–1878: Post office (later Post Office 1) in Bremen, Domsheide (today secondary level II of the Catholic St. Johannis School)
  • 1877–1878: Main telegraph office in Berlin-Mitte, part of Jägerstraße 43/44
  • 1877–1882: Office building of the Berlin Oberpostdirektion in Berlin-Mitte (opened in "Postblock C 2" in 1922, destroyed in 1945)
  • 1883 and 1887: Jewish retirement home in Berlin-Prenzlauer Berg, Schönhauser Allee 22
  • Residential and commercial buildings in Berlin, Hohenzollernstrasse 10 (1861/62), Regentenstrasse 21/22 (1864/65), Poststrasse 5 (1867), Markgrafenstrasse 59 / corner of Kronenstrasse (1869), Jerusalemer Strasse 19/20 (1869/70) , Keithstrasse 14/15 (1873/74), Mulackstrasse / corner of Jacobstrasse, Potsdamer Strasse 119, Leipziger Strasse 87/88 and Klosterstrasse 80/81 (all no longer available)
  • Kurhaus in Sopot , Ständehaus in Königsberg [Königsberg (Prussia)], mansion in Rodehlen / East Prussia, post office in Gdansk, Mainz and Merseburg

literature

  • Deutsche Bauzeitung , Volume 19, 1885, No. 1 (from January 3, 1885), p. 2 f. (Obituary)
  • Ralf Nitschke: Permanent and worthy. Carl Schwatlos Berlin post and telegraph buildings. (= Catalogs of the Museum Foundation Post and Telecommunications , Volume 16.) Edition Braus, Heidelberg 2003, ISBN 3-89904-052-X .
  • Uwe Kieling: Berlin building officials and state architects in the 19th century . Kulturbund der DDR, Berlin 1986, p. 82 .
  • Uwe Kieling: Berlin - Builders and Buildings: From Gothic to Historicism . 1st edition. Tourist Verl., Berlin; Leipzig 1987, ISBN 3-350-00280-3 , p. 227 .

Web links

Commons : Carl Schwatlo  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ DBZ: XI. Volume, No. 48; Berlin, Friday, June 9, 1877; P. 237.
  2. ^ Facade in Oranienburger Strasse, Berlin. In: Architekturmuseum TU Berlin. Retrieved January 15, 2020 .
  3. ↑ Association of young merchants (courtyard building) in the Berlin State Monument List
  4. ↑ Villa Schwatlo in the Berlin State Monument List
  5. ^ Carl Schwatlo: Imperial General Post Office in Berlin . In: Zeitschrift für Bauwesen , Volume 25, 1875, Issues IV to VII , p. 143 ff.
personal data
SURNAME Schwatlo, Carl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schwatlo, Karl
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect and construction officer
DATE OF BIRTH June 19, 1831
PLACE OF BIRTH Hermsdorf (Heiligenbeil district) , East Prussia
DATE OF DEATH December 24, 1884
Place of death Berlin