Christian Karl André
Christian Karl André (born March 20, 1763 in Hildburghausen , † July 19, 1831 in Stuttgart ) was a German educator , farmer , journalist, composer and educator .
Life
Christian Karl André was born on March 20, 1763 in Hildburghausen as the son of the princely rider and riding instructor Johann Friedrich Andrä (1737 to 1820) and his wife Johanna Rosina Körbitz († before 1796). He studied from 1779 at the University of Jena , the law , education and music . After that, he started promoting folk culture.
For a short time André worked as secretary and councilor in the Principality of Waldeck , then he became councilor to Arolsen . In 1782 he gave up this state career and began to campaign for the education of the people, he founded a school in Arolsen. He oriented himself towards the Salzmann School in Schnepfenthal . In Schnepfenthal himself he taught from 1785, which he used to stabilize this school, and five years later came to Gotha as head of a girls' school . This school moved to Eisenach in 1794 . In the period from 1780 to 1795 André was also a Freemason .
Together with Rudolph Zacharias Becker , André founded the Anzeiger in 1791 . A daily newspaper for justice, the police and all civil trades, as well as for the free mutual conversation of readers about charitable objects of all kinds , direct predecessor of the Allgemeine Anzeiger der Deutschen . In 1798 he was appointed director of an evangelical school in Brno .
After his educational time André worked as a practical farmer. At first he was secretary of the Imperial Moravian Society for the Promotion of Agriculture in Brno . In 1812 he was promoted to the Princely Economic Council, became assessor at the Georgikon in Keszthely in 1817 and finally came to Stuttgart in 1821 as a councilor . He also acted as secretary of the agricultural association for the expansion of charitable knowledge , as editor of the agricultural magazine and was involved in several private music associations. From 1809 until his death he was editor of the encyclopaedic journal Hesperus , which was last published by Cotta and was discontinued in 1832 under Andrés successor Friedrich Notter . He died in Stuttgart on July 19, 1831, at the age of 68.
André was married to Christian Gotthilf Salzmann's sister-in-law . He had several children; two of his sons also became famous farmers: Emil André and Rudolf André .
review
André is considered an important person in the field of folk culture. He made sure that the people progressed spiritually and morally, and proceeded with simple, understandable means, which particularly affected the middle and lower classes. For 45 years he was also active as a writer and thus around 40 works were created. This testifies to his diligence and efforts to make the people more moral and for teaching. He also wrote scientific papers on ethnology, natural sciences and economics, which were, however, very soon out of date. He was a (honorary) member of well-known associations for folk cultural studies. In addition, he dealt with the calendar system, which he shaped in Austria.
Works
- Maria von Bismark or Love for Love (two volumes, Leipzig 1786 to 1788)
- Felsenburg, a moral, entertaining reader (three volumes, Gotha 1788/1789)
- The Freemason, or compendious library of everything worth knowing about secret societies (Göttingen 1790)
- The Farmer (1790 to 1795)
- Charitable walks every day of the year (ten volumes, Braunschweig 1790 to 1797, edited together with Johann Matthäus Bechstein and Bernhard Heinrich Blasche )
- Instructions for studying mineralogy (Vienna 1804)
- Patriotic Tageblatt (Brunn 1800 to 1805)
- Economic news (Prague 1811 to 1831, then continued by Emil André)
- Brief outline of the geography of the Austrian Empire for quick main orientation for every patriot friend (JG Calve, Prague 1814)
- ABC, or first textbook on mineralogy (Vienna 1815)
- New house and people friend for the German citizen and farmer (Leipzig 1822 to 1829)
- Natural calendar for the German federal states (Stuttgart 1823 ff.)
Remarks
- ↑ Andrés relatives themselves and the church book use the spelling Andrä .
- ↑ Johann Friedrich's father Christian was court agent, manager of the Wittumshof and owner of the inn in Hildburghausen, was called Simon Lazaurus until his baptism in 1732 and lived from 1712 to 1784. Johann Friedrich's mother Johanna Dorothea Neumann was the daughter of a paper mill owner
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : André, Christian Karl . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 1st part. University book printer L. C. Zamarski (formerly JP Sollinger), Vienna 1856, p. 35 ( digitized version ).
- Georg Brückner , William Löbe : André, Christian Karl . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1875, pp. 432-434.
- Wilhelm Meinhold: André, Christian Karl. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1953, ISBN 3-428-00182-6 , p. 275 ( digitized version ).
Web links
personal data | |
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SURNAME | André, Christian Karl |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German educator and farmer |
DATE OF BIRTH | March 20, 1763 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Hildburghausen |
DATE OF DEATH | July 19, 1831 |
Place of death | Stuttgart |